Medical Language Immerse Yourself 4th Edition By Susan M. - Test Bank

Medical Language Immerse Yourself 4th Edition By Susan M. – Test Bank

 

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Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Medical Language, 4e (Turley)

Chapter 5   Cardiology — Cardiovascular System

 

5.1   Multiple-Choice Questions

 

1) The most commonly used site for measuring the heart rate is at the ________ pulse in the wrist.

1. A) axillary
2. B) brachial
3. C) radial
4. D) ulnar

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) The axillary artery is not commonly used to take the pulse.

1. B) The brachial artery is not commonly used to take the pulse.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) The ulnar artery is not commonly used to take the pulse.

Page Ref: 236

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

2) Acute coronary syndrome includes all of the following EXCEPT ________.

1. A) unstable angina pectoris
2. B) transposition of the great vessels
3. C) acute myocardial ischemia
4. D) blockage of the coronary artery

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) This is one of the parts of acute coronary syndrome.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) This is one of the parts of acute coronary syndrome.
3. D) This is one of the parts of acute coronary syndrome.

Page Ref: 218

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

 

3) The valve located between the right atrium and right ventricle is the ________.

1. A) tricuspid valve
2. B) pulmonary valve
3. C) mitral valve
4. D) bicuspid valve

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) The pulmonary valve is not between the right atrium and right ventricle.
2. C) The mitral valve is not between the right atrium and right ventricle.
3. D) The bicuspid valve is not between the right atrium and right ventricle.

Page Ref: 197

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy and Physiology

4) Which blood test does NOT help to make the diagnosis of a myocardial infarction?

1. A) CK-MB
2. B) LDH
3. C) LDL
4. D) troponin

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) A CK-MB blood test does help make the diagnosis of an MI.

1. B) An LDH blood test does help make the diagnosis of an MI.
2. C) Correct! Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a risk factor for cardiac disease, but not a diagnostic indicator of an MI.
3. D) A troponin blood test does help make the diagnosis of an MI.

Page Ref: 229

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

5) Which surgical procedure is done to restore blood flow to the myocardium when the artery is occluded?

1. A) cardiopulmonary bypass
2. B) cardioversion
3. C) coronary artery bypass graft
4. D) electrocardiography

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Cardiopulmonary bypass is used during open heart surgery.

1. B) Cardioversion is used to correct an arrhythmia. It is not a surgical procedure.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) Electrocardiography is a diagnostic test, not a surgical procedure.

Page Ref: 238

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

6) Which involves an inability of the heart to pump sufficient amounts of blood?

1. A) arteriosclerotic heart disease
2. B) hyperlipidemia
3. C) an aneurysm
4. D) congestive heart failure

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) This does not involve the heart pumping blood.

1. B) This does not involve the heart pumping blood.
2. C) This does not involve the heart pumping blood.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 219

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

7) Which measurement is a reading from a sphygmomanometer?

1. A) 120/80 mm Hg
2. B) leads V1-V6
3. C) thallium-201
4. D) QRS complex

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! A sphygmomanometer measures blood pressure in millimeters (mm) of mercury (Hg).

1. B) This is from an electrocardiography test.
2. C) This is a drug used in a thallium stress test.
3. D) This is the electrical image generated by an electrocardiography test.

Page Ref: 237

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

8) Tests reveal that Mrs. Roger’s mitral valve does NOT close properly, allowing a backflow of blood with each heart contraction The medical word to describe this valve problem is ________.

1. A) depolarization
2. B) decompensation
3. C) regurgitation
4. D) bruit

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Depolarization happens normally with each heartbeat.

1. B) Decompensation describes an inability of the heart to contract strongly.
2. C) Correct! Regurgitat/o– means “backward flow.”
3. D) A bruit is the sound blood makes going through an artery with atherosclerosis.

Page Ref: 220

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

9) In the pathway of the flow of blood, oxygenated blood in the pulmonary artery comes back to the heart and enters the heart at the ________.

1. A) right atrium
2. B) right ventricle
3. C) left atrium
4. D) left ventricle

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Oygenated blood from the lungs does not enter the right atrium.

1. B) Oxygenated blood from the lungs does not enter the right ventricle.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) Oxygenated blood from the lungs does not enter the left ventricle.

Page Ref: 206

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy and Physiology

10) When the flow of oxygenated blood through a coronary artery is blocked by atherosclerosis and there is ischemia of the myocardium, the patient will experience ________.

1. A) an elevated blood pressure
2. B) chest pain
3. C) a slow heart rate
4. D) shortness of breath

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) A blocked coronary artery will not cause an elevated blood pressure.

1. B) Correct! This will cause chest pain, also known as angina pectoris.
2. C) A blocked coronary artery will not cause a slow heart rate.
3. D) A blocked coronary artery will not cause shortness of breath.

Page Ref: 218

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

11) The medical procedure sclerotherapy is performed to treat ________.

1. A) varicose veins
2. B) coronary atherosclerosis
3. C) peripheral artery disease
4. D) thrombophlebitis

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) Sclerotherapy is not done to treat coronary atherosclerosis.
2. C) Sclerotherapy is not done to treat peripheral artery disease.
3. D) Sclerotherapy is not done to treat thrombophlebitis.

Page Ref: 235

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

12) A defibrillator device is used to treat which of the following?

1. A) atrial flutter
2. B) hypertension
3. C) mitral valve prolapse
4. D) ventricular fibrillation

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Cardioversion, not defibrillation, would be done for this arrhythmia.

1. B) This is not used to treat hypertension.
2. C) This is not used to treat mitral valve prolapse.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 222

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

13) Pericarditis, an infection with an accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac, can lead to cardiac ________, as the fluid compresses the heart and stops it from beating.

1. A) bigeminy
2. B) bruit
3. C) diastole
4. D) tamponade

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) This does not lead to bigeminy, which is an arrhythmia.

1. B) This does not lead to the abnormal sound of a bruit.
2. C) This does not lead to diastole, which is the normal resting phase of the heart.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 221

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

14) Which is a very serious type of heart block in which no electrical impulses reach the ventricles?

1. A) murmur
2. B) sick sinus syndrome
3. C) hyperlipidemia
4. D) third-degree heart block

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) This is a valve problem, not a type of heart block.

1. B) This is an arrhythmia, not a type of heart block.
2. C) This is not a type of heart block.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 222

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

15) Which is a complication of rheumatic heart disease?

1. A) cardiac arrest
2. B) vegetations on the valves and stenosis
3. C) tachycardia
4. D) transposition of the great vessels

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) This is not a complication of rheumatic heart disease.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) This is not a complication of rheumatic heart disease.
3. D) This is a congenital heart defect, not a complication of rheumatic heart disease.

Page Ref: 221

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

16) A patient with congestive heart failure could be treated with two types of drugs ________. a diuretic drug to remove edema from the tissues and a/an ________ drug to strengthen the heart’s contractions.

1. A) antibiotic
2. B) aspirin
3. C) digitalis
4. D) thrombolytic

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) An antibiotic drug is used to treat a bacterial infection.

1. B) Aspirin cannot strengthen heart contractions.
2. C) Correct! Digitalis strengthens heart contractions.
3. D) A thrombolytic drug cannot strengthen heart contractions.

Page Ref: 242

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Pharmacology

 

17) The patient had an aneurysmectomy to remove an aneurysm and insert a graft to repair ________.

1. A) an artery occluded with plaque
2. B) an area of weakness in the wall of an artery
3. C) a diseased heart valve
4. D) a varicose vein

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) An aneursymectomy does not treat an occluded artery.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) An aneurysmectomy does not treat a diseased heart valve.
3. D) An aneurysmectomy does not treat a varicose vein.

Page Ref: 237

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

18) All of the following are signs of peripheral artery disease and decreased circulation EXCEPT ________.

1. A) low blood pressure
2. B) coolness and cyanosis of the feet and toes
3. C) pain in the calf while walking
4. D) intermittent claudication

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! Peripheral artery disease does not cause low blood pressure.

1. B) This is a sign of peripheral artery disease.
2. C) This is a sign of peripheral artery disease.
3. D) This is a sign of peripheral artery disease.

Page Ref: 227

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

19) Which section of the electrical conduction system of the heart is located just after the AV node?

1. A) Purkinje fibers
2. B) sinoatrial node
3. C) bundle of His
4. D) diastole

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) The Purkinje fibers come just after the bundle branches, not after the AV node.

1. B) The sinoatrial node comes before the AV node.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) Diastole is not part of the electrical conduction system of the heart.

Page Ref: 207

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

20) Which arrhythmia requires the insertion of a permanent cardiac pacemaker?

1. A) murmur
2. B) atrial septal defect
3. C) sick sinus syndrome
4. D) aneurysm

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) A murmur is not an arrhythmia and is not treated with a pacemaker.

1. B) An atrial septal defect is not treated with a pacemaker.
2. C) Correct! Sick sinus syndrome is an arrhythmia that is treated with a pacemaker.
3. D) An aneurysm is not an arrhythmia and is not treated with a pacemaker.

Page Ref: 223

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

21) Mrs. Jean Bentley came to the doctor with dilated jugular veins in the neck and edema of the legs and feet. Her diagnosis most likely is ________.

1. A) hypotension
2. B) arrhythmia
3. C) myocardial infarction
4. D) right-sided congestive heart failure

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) These symptoms do not describe hypotension.

1. B) These symptoms do not describe an arrhythmia.
2. C) These symptoms do not describe a myocardial infarction.
3. D) Correct! Right-sided heart failure allows buildup of fluid in these areas.

Page Ref: 219

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Diseases

22) A patient in the emergency department has an occluded coronary artery due to a thrombus. Which type of drug can break apart this blood clot and restore circulation in the artery?

1. A) a drug for hyperlipidemia
2. B) aspirin
3. C) a thrombolytic drug
4. D) a digitalis drug

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) This drug cannot break apart a blood clot.

1. B) Aspirin cannot break apart a blood clot once it has formed.
2. C) Correct! Only a thrombolytic drug can break apart a formed blood clot.
3. D) A digitalis drug cannot break apart a blood clot.

Page Ref: 243

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Pharmacology

 

23) Which of the following is one of the four heart defects seen in tetralogy of Fallot?

1. A) ventricular septal defect
2. B) vegetations on the valves
3. C) complete heart block
4. D) edema of the legs and feet

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) Vegetations form with rheumatic heart disease, not tetralogy of Fallot.
2. C) Heart block is not one of the heart defects of tetralogy of Fallot.
3. D) Edema is not one of the heart defects of tetralogy of Fallot.

Page Ref: 220

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

24) Which test could show if the coronary arteries were narrowed or blocked?

1. A) cardiac catheterization
2. B) lipid profile
3. C) electrocardiography
4. D) electrophysiologic study

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) This provides information on the levels of lipids in the blood.
2. C) This provides information about the electrical activity of the heart.
3. D) This provides information about the electrical activity of the heart.

Page Ref: 229

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

25) Telemetry involves all of the following EXCEPT ________.

1. A) it monitors a patient’s heart rate
2. B) the patient wears electrodes in the coronary care unit
3. C) the nurse watches the patient’s heart rhythm
4. D) it uses radiopaque contrast dye to outline a blood vessel

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Telemetry does do this.

1. B) Telemetry does do this.
2. C) Telemetry does do this.
3. D) Correct! This describes angiography, not telemetry.

Page Ref: 232

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

26) The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and the ________.

1. A) lungs and heart
2. B) brain, blood vessels, and nervous system
3. C) vascular structures
4. D) skin

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) The lungs are part of the respiratory system.

1. B) These are not part of the cardiovascular system.
2. C) Correct! The combining form vascul/o– means “blood vessel.”
3. D) The skin is part of the integumentary system.

Page Ref: 196

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

27) How many chambers are inside the heart?

1. A) one
2. B) two
3. C) three
4. D) four

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) There are four hollow chambers inside the heart: two atria and two ventricles.

1. B) There are four hollow chambers inside the heart: two atria and two ventricles.
2. C) There are four hollow chambers inside the heart: two atria and two ventricles.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 196

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

28) The mitral valve is located between the ________.

1. A) left atrium and the left ventricle
2. B) left ventricle and the aorta
3. C) right atrium and the right ventricle
4. D) right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) This is the location of the aortic valve, not the mitral valve.
2. C) This is the location of the tricuspid valve, not the mitral valve.
3. D) This is the location of the pulmonary valve, not the mitral valve.

Page Ref: 197

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

29) Which layer of the heart is the muscular layer?

1. A) myocardium
2. B) epicardium
3. C) pericardium
4. D) endocardium

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! My/o– means “muscle,” and cardi/o– means “heart.”

1. B) This is not the muscular layer of the heart.
2. C) This is not the muscular layer of the heart.
3. D) This is not the muscular layer of the heart.

Page Ref: 198

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

30) The largest artery in the body is the ________.

1. A) coronary artery
2. B) aorta
3. C) carotid artery
4. D) pulmonary artery

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) The coronary artery is not the largest artery in the body.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) The carotid artery is not the largest artery in the body.
3. D) The pulmonary artery is not the largest artery in the body.

Page Ref: 202

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

31) Where is the peroneal artery located?

1. A) hip and the upper leg
2. B) behind the knee
3. C) front aspect of the lower arm
4. D) toe side of the lower leg

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) The femoral artery, not the peroneal, is in the upper leg.

1. B) The popliteal artery, not the peroneal, is behind the knee.
2. C) The brachial artery, not the peroneal, is in the upper arm.
3. D) Correct! Perone/o– means “fibula; lower leg bone.”

Page Ref: 204

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

32) Which type of blood vessel carries blood from the body and lungs to the heart?

1. A) artery
2. B) arteriole
3. C) vein
4. D) capillary

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Arteries carry blood away from the heart.

1. B) Arterioles carry blood away from the heart.
2. C) Correct! Veins carry blood back to the heart.
3. D) Capillaries do not carry blood back to the heart.

Page Ref: 211

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

33) The abbreviation SA node stands for “________.”

1. A) systolic
2. B) sinoatrial
3. C) sinus arterial
4. D) systemic

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) This is not the meaning of SA.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) This is not the meaning of SA.
3. D) This is not the meaning of SA.

Page Ref: 206

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Abbreviations

34) Any disease condition of the heart muscle that includes heart enlargement and heart failure is called ________.

1. A) angina pectoris
2. B) myocardial infarction
3. C) arrhythmia
4. D) cardiomyopathy

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) This does not describe angina pectoris.

1. B) This does not describe myocardial infarction.
2. C) This does not describe an arrhythmia.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 218

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

35) The abbreviation MI stands for ________.

1. A) myocardial infarction
2. B) myocardial ischemia
3. C) myocardial inflammation
4. D) myocardial injury

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) This is not the meaning of the abbreviation MI.
2. C) This is not the meaning of the abbreviation MI.
3. D) This is not the meaning of the abbreviation MI.

Page Ref: 219

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Abbreviations

 

 

36) Inflammation and bacterial infection of the inner lining of a heart valve is called ________.

1. A) pericarditis
2. B) endocarditis
3. C) necrosis
4. D) peripheral edema

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) This does not describe pericarditis, which affects the pericardium around the outside of the heart.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) This does not describe necrosis.
3. D) This does not describe peripheral edema, which occurs in the arms or legs.

Page Ref: 220

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Diseases

37) Which word means “elevated blood pressure”?

1. A) hypercholesterolemia
2. B) hypolipidemia
3. C) hypertension
4. D) hypotension

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) This is related to lipids, not blood pressure.

1. B) This is related to lipids, not blood pressure.
2. C) Correct! Hyper– means “above; more than normal,” and tens/o– means “pressure; tension.”
3. D) This is low, not elevated, blood pressure.

Page Ref: 227

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Diseases

 

38) Which is a sudden, severe vasoconstriction and spasm of the arterioles in the fingers and toes, often triggered by cold or emotional upset?

1. A) Raynaud’s phenomenon
2. B) phlebitis
3. C) hypotension
4. D) peripheral artery disease

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) This does not describe phlebitis.
2. C) This does not describe hypotension.
3. D) This does not describe peripheral artery disease.

Page Ref: 228

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Diseases

 

39) The abbreviation CRP stands for ________.

1. A) “circulation regional pressure”
2. B) “C-reactive protein”
3. C) “cardiopulmonary resuscitation”
4. D) none of the above

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) This is not the meaning of CRP.

1. B) Correct! CRP is a blood test to measure the level of inflammation in the body.
2. C) Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the meaning of CPR, not CRP.
3. D) One of the answers is correct.

Page Ref: 229

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Abbreviations

40) The combing form tele/o-, as seen in the word telemetry, means ________.

1. A) “distance”
2. B) “monitor”
3. C) “separate”
4. D) “close by”

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! Telemetry monitors a patient’s heart rate and rhythm from the nurses’ station, which is a distance from the patient’s bed.

1. B) Tele/o– does not mean this.
2. C) Tele/o– does not mean this.
3. D) Tele/o– does not mean this.

Page Ref: 232

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

41) Which nuclear medicine procedure uses a radioactive tracer to produce an image and is also known as a gated blood pool scan?

1. A) Doppler ultrasonography
2. B) EKG
3. C) cardioversion
4. D) MUGA scan

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) This uses ultrasound, not a radioactive tracer, to produce an image.

1. B) Electrocardiography (EKG) is not a nuclear medicine procedure.
2. C) Cardioversion is not a nuclear medicine procedure.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 234

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

42) Which type of ultrasonography produces images of the flow of blood in the arteries?

1. A) Doppler
2. B) echocardiography
3. C) thallium stress test
4. D) radionuclide ventriculography

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) This ultrasonography produces images of the beating of the heart.
2. C) This is not a type of ultrasonography.
3. D) This is not a type of ultrasonography.

Page Ref: 233

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

43) Which is NOT a vital sign?

1. A) temperature
2. B) systolic
3. C) respirations
4. D) heart rate

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) This is one of the vital signs.

1. B) Correct! Systolic is part of the vital sign blood pressure, but systolic alone is not a vital sign.
2. C) This is one of the vital signs.
3. D) This is one of the vital signs.

Page Ref: 236

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

44) The combining form transplant/o-, as in the phrase heart transplantation, means ________.

1. A) “create an opening between two structures”
2. B) “pertaining to”
3. C) “instrument used to measure”
4. D) “move something across and put in another place”

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Transplant/o- does not mean this.

1. B) Transplant/o- does not mean this.
2. C) Transplant/o– does not mean this.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 238

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

 

45) What structure divides the heart into right and left sides?

1. A) mitral valve
2. B) chordae tendineae
3. C) septum
4. D) mediastinum

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) The mitral valve does not do this.

1. B) The chordae tendineae do not do this.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) The mediastinum is an area that contains the heart.

Page Ref: 196

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

46) What are the normal, rope-like connective tissues attached to valve leaflets of the tricuspid and mitral valves?

1. A) vegetations
2. B) chordae tendineae
3. C) ventricles
4. D) Purkinje fibers

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) Vegetations are abnormal growths on the valve.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) Ventricles are not ropelike structures.
3. D) Purkinje fibers are tiny nerve branches, not ropelike structures.

Page Ref: 198

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

47) The first arteries that branch off of the aorta and bring oxygenated blood to the heart muscle are the ________ arteries.

1. A) carotid
2. B) pulmonary
3. C) subclavian
4. D) coronary

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) The carotid arteries do not bring oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.

1. B) The pulmonary arteries do not bring oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.
2. C) The subclavian arteries do not bring oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 202

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

48) The smallest blood vessel in the body is a ________.

1. A) Purkinje fiber
2. B) venule
3. C) arteriole
4. D) capillary

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Purkinje fibers are not blood vessels.

1. B) A venule is a small vein, but it is not the smallest blood vessel.
2. C) An arteriole is a small artery, but it is not the smallest blood vessel.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

49) Which is the area of specialized nervous tissue in the heart that is known as the “pacemaker of the heart”?

1. A) Purkinje fibers
2. B) sinoatrial node
3. C) atrioventricular node
4. D) bundle of His

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) The Purkinje fibers are not the pacemaker of the heart.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) The atrioventricular node is not the pacemaker of the heart.
3. D) The bundle of His is not the pacemaker of the heart.

Page Ref: 212

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

50) Short period of time when the myocardium is unresponsive to electrical impulses.

1. A) refractory period
2. B) repolarization
3. C) asystole
4. D) heart block

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) This does not describe repolarization.
2. C) This does not describe asystole.
3. D) This does not describe heart block.

Page Ref: 212

Learning Outcome:  5.2

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Physiology

 

 

51) Which is the name of the temporary connecting blood vessel between the pulmonary artery and the aorta in the fetal heart?

1. A) foramen ovale
2. B) mediastinum
3. C) ductus arteriosus
4. D) popliteal artery

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) The foramen ovale is an opening in the septum of the fetal heart.

1. B) The mediastinum is not within the fetal heart.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) The popliteal artery is not within the fetal heart.

Page Ref: 206

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

52) Mild-to-severe chest pain caused by ischemia of the myocardium is called ________.

1. A) cardiomegaly
2. B) a myocardial infarction
3. C) a bruit
4. D) angina pectoris

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Cardiomegaly is enlargement of the heart.

1. B) Myocardial infarction is not the pain itself.
2. C) This does not describe a bruit.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 218

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

53) What word means “pertaining to within the ventricle”?

1. A) cardiac
2. B) interventricular
3. C) intraventricular
4. D) interatrial

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Cardiac means “pertaining to the heart.”

1. B) Inter– means “between,” not “within.”
2. C) Correct! Intra– means “within.”
3. D) This word is about the atrium, not the ventricle.

Page Ref: 197

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

 

54) Bicuspid means ________.

1. A) pertaining to three valves
2. B) pertaining to two valves
3. C) resembling two projections
4. D) resembling two valves

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Bi– means “two,” not “three.”

1. B) Cusp/o- means “point; projection,” not “valve.”
2. C) Correct! Bi- means “two,” cusp/o– means “point; projection,” and –id means “resembling.”
3. D) Cusp/o– means “projection,” not “valve.”

Page Ref: 197

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

55) Cardiomyopathy is a/an ________.

1. A) inflammation of (the) heart valve
2. B) disease (of the) heart muscle
3. C) enlargement (of the) heart
4. D) inflammation of (the) heart

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) The suffix –pathy does not mean “inflammation.”

1. B) Correct!
2. C) The suffix –pathy does not mean “enlargement.”
3. D) The suffix –pathy does not mean “inflammation.”

Page Ref: 218

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

56) Which membrane is next to and upon the surface of the heart?

1. A) mediastinum
2. B) epicardium
3. C) endocardium
4. D) chordae tendineae

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) This is not a membrane.

1. B) Correct! Epi– means “above; upon.”
2. C) The endocardium lines the inside of the heart.
3. D) Chordae tendineae are not a membrane.

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

57) Which structure is a double-layered membrane that secretes a slippery, watery fluid around the heart?

1. A) pericardium
2. B) mediastinum
3. C) endocardium
4. D) myocardium

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! The pericardium is a double-layered membrane around the heart.

1. B) The mediastinum is a central area in the thoracic cavity that holds the heart.
2. C) The endocardium is the inner lining of the heart.
3. D) The myocardium is the muscular layer of the heart.

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

58) Which adjective reflects the relationship between the heart and the chest cavity?

1. A) thoracic
2. B) cardiothoracic
3. C) cardiac
4. D) mediastinal

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) This only refers to the chest cavity.

1. B) Correct! Cardi/o– means “heart,” thorac/o– means “chest; thorax.”
2. C) This only refers to the heart.
3. D) This does not refer to the heart or the chest cavity.

Page Ref: 199

Learning Outcome:  5.4

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Plurals and Adjectives

 

59) Which word means a “central opening in a blood vessel through which blood flows”?

1. A) vasculature
2. B) lumen
3. C) intima
4. D) Purkinje fiber

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) The vasculature is a network of blood vessels for a particular organ.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) The intima is the inner lining of a blood vessel, not the opening.
3. D) This is part of the conduction system, not a blood vessel.

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

60) Vasoconstriction causes the pressure in the artery to ________.

1. A) increase
2. B) decrease
3. C) remain the same
4. D) fluctuate

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) It does not cause the blood pressure to decrease.
2. C) It does affect the blood pressure.
3. D) It does not cause the blood pressure to fluctuate.

Page Ref: 200

Learning Outcome:  5.2

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Physiology

61) The femoral artery brings oxygenated blood to the ________.

1. A) lower arm
2. B) head and neck
3. C) trunk of the body
4. D) upper leg

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) It does not bring blood to the upper arm.

1. B) It does not bring blood to the head and neck.
2. C) It does not bring blood to the trunk of the body.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 204

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

62) Which artery is at the back of the knee?

1. A) iliac
2. B) renal
3. C) brachial
4. D) popliteal

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) The iliac artery is in the groin area.

1. B) The renal artery goes to the kidney, not the knee.
2. C) The brachial artery is in the arm, not the knee.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 204

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

 

63) All of the following structures are part of the electrical system of the heart EXCEPT ________.

1. A) SA node
2. B) bundle of His
3. C) HDL
4. D) AV node

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) This is part of the heart’s electrical system.

1. B) This is part of the heart’s electrical system.
2. C) Correct! High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are lipoprotein carriers for cholesterol in the blood.
3. D) This is part of the heart’s electrical system.

Page Ref: 206—207

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Anatomy

64) The procedure to remove plaque from an occluded carotid artery is known as a carotid ________.

1. A) endarterectomy
2. B) bypass graft
3. C) aneurysmectomy
4. D) transplantation

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) Bypass graft is done to the coronary artery.
2. C) This treats an aneurysm, not plaque.
3. D) This does not remove plaque.

Page Ref: 238

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

 

65) Angina pectoris is to myocardial infarction as ________.

1. A) plaque is to an EKG
2. B) bradycardia is to cholesterol
3. C) varicose veins are to CABG
4. D) ischemia is to cell death

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Plaque has no relationship to an EKG.

1. B) Bradycardia has no relationship to cholesterol.
2. C) Varicose veins have no relationship to CABG.
3. D) Correct! Angina pectoris is a condition that precedes a myocardial infarction. Ischemia is a condition that precedes cell death.

Page Ref: 219

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Diseases

 

66) Inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart is known as ________.

1. A) valvulitis
2. B) pericarditis
3. C) mitral stenosis
4. D) phlebitis

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) This is inflammation of a valve, not a membrane.

1. B) Correct! Peri- means “around,” and –itis means “inflammation of.”
2. C) This does not involve inflammation.
3. D) This is inflammation of a vein, not a membrane.

Page Ref: 221

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Diseases

67) The P wave and QRS complex are related to ________.

1. A) the circulation of the blood
2. B) the diastolic pressure
3. C) an electrocardiogram
4. D) an aneurysm

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) These are not related to the circulation of the blood.

1. B) These are not related to the diastolic pressure.
2. C) Correct! An electrocardiogram is a record of the electrical activity of the heart, which includes P waves and QRS complexes.
3. D) These are not related to an aneurysm.

Page Ref: 231

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

68) The cause of essential hypertension is ________.

1. A) unknown
2. B) mitral stenosis
3. C) congestive heart failure
4. D) palpitation

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) Mitral stenosis does not cause hypertension.
2. C) Congestive heart failure does not cause hypertension.
3. D) Palpitation does not cause hypertension.

Page Ref: 227

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

69) An aneurysm is ________.

1. A) an embolus circulating in the vasculature
2. B) area of dilation and weakness of the artery wall
3. C) an abnormally slow heart rate
4. D) the medical name for “bad cholesterol”

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) An aneurysm is not an embolus.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) An aneurysm is not related to the heart rate.
3. D) An aneurysm is not known as “bad cholesterol.”

Page Ref: 224

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

70) All of the following are signs of congestive heart failure involving the right side of the heart EXCEPT ________.

1. A) dilated jugular veins in the neck
2. B) varicose veins
3. C) enlargement of the liver
4. D) edema in the legs and feet

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) This is a sign of right-sided congestive heart failure.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) This is a sign of right-sided congestive heart failure.
3. D) This is a sign of right-sided congestive heart failure.

Page Ref: 219

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Diseases

 

 

71) Auscultation of the heart is done at the PMI. Where is this located?

1. A) apex of the heart
2. B) myocardium
3. C) sinoatrial node
4. D) great vessels

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! The apex of the heart is where the point of maximum impulse (PMI) is and where the heart sounds are heard most distinctly.

1. B) This is not the location of the point of maximum impulse (PMI).
2. C) This is not the location of the point of maximum impulse (PMI).
3. D) This is not the location of the point of maximum impulse (PMI).

Page Ref: 234

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

72) The purpose of the coronary arteries is to bring oxygenated blood to the ________.

1. A) aorta
2. B) myocardium
3. C) lungs
4. D) mediastinum

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) The coronary arteries take blood from, not to, the aorta.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) The coronary arteries do not connect to the lungs.
3. D) The coronary arteries do not connect to the mediastinum.

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

73) Which artery brings oxygenated blood to the neck face, head, and brain?

1. A) jugular
2. B) coronary
3. C) carotid
4. D) pulmonary

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) The jugular is a vein, not an artery.

1. B) The coronary artery brings blood to the heart.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) The pulmonary artery brings blood to the lungs.

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

74) All of the following arteries carry oxygenated blood to some part of the arm EXCEPT the ________ artery.

1. A) peroneal
2. B) axillary
3. C) radial
4. D) brachial

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! The peroneal artery carries blood to the little toe side of the lower leg.

1. B) The axillary artery carries blood to the armpit (axilla).
2. C) The radial artery carries blood to the thumb side of the lower arm.
3. D) The brachial artery carries blood to the upper arm.

Page Ref: 202—203

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

75) In the pelvic cavity, the abdominal aorta divides into the two ________.

1. A) carotid arteries
2. B) peroneal arteries
3. C) brachial arteries
4. D) iliac arteries

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) The carotid arteries are not in the pelvic cavity.

1. B) The peroneal arteries are not in the pelvic cavity.
2. C) The brachial arteries are not in the pelvic cavity.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 204

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

76) Systemic circulation refers to the flow of blood in the ________.

1. A) body
2. B) heart
3. C) lungs
4. D) all of the above

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) Systemic does not refer to just the heart.
2. C) The pulmonary circulation goes to the lungs.
3. D) Only one answer is correct.

Page Ref: 205

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

77) The medical language definition of the word cardiomegaly is ________.

1. A) “heart attack”
2. B) “enlargement (of the) heart”
3. C) “irregular beat (of the) heart”
4. D) “heart failure”

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) Cardiomegaly does not mean “heart attack.”

1. B) Correct! The suffix –megaly means “enlargement.”
2. C) Cardiomegaly does not mean “irregular heartbeat.”
3. D) Cardiomegaly does not mean “heart failure.”

Page Ref: 218

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

78) Plaque on the arterial walls is characteristic of ________.

1. A) varicose veins
2. B) atherosclerosis
3. C) hypertension
4. D) congestive heart failure

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) Varicose veins do not have plaque.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) Hypertension is high blood pressure, not plaque.
3. D) Plaque is not characteristic of congestive heart failure.

Page Ref: 225

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

79) Which of the following abbreviations is commonly called “good cholesterol”?

1. A) HDL
2. B) CHF
3. C) LDL
4. D) ASCVD

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! High-density lipoproteins (HDL) carry cholesterol to the liver.

1. B) Congestive heart failure (CHF) is not related to “good cholesterol.”
2. C) Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is called “bad cholesterol.”
3. D) Arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is not called “good cholesterol.”

Page Ref: 226

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

 

80) Using high-frequency sound waves to create an image of the heart is known as ________.

1. A) electrocardiography
2. B) auscultation
3. C) Holter monitoring
4. D) echocardiography

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Electrocardiography uses electricity, not sound waves.

1. B) Auscultation does not create an image of the heart.
2. C) A Holter monitor does not create an image of the heart.
3. D) Correct! Ech/o– means “echo of a sound wave.”

Page Ref: 233

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

81) The combining form ven/o- has the same meaning as the combining form ________.

1. A) phleb/o-
2. B) cardi/o-
3. C) arteri/o-
4. D) valvul/o–

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! Ven/o– and phleb/o– both mean “vein.”

1. B) Cardi/o– means “heart,” not “vein.”
2. C) Arteri/o– means “artery,” not “vein.”
3. D) Valvul/o– means “valve,” not “vein.”

Page Ref: 201

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

82) In the word arteriosclerosis, the combining form scler/o- means “________; sclera of the eye.”

1. A) heart chamber
2. B) narrowness
3. C) hard
4. D) artery

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Scler/o– does not mean “heart chamber.”

1. B) Scler/o– does not mean “narrowness.”
2. C) Correct!
3. D) Scler/o– does not mean “artery.”

Page Ref: 225

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

 

83) All of the following combining forms mean “blood vessel” EXCEPT ________.

1. A) vas/o-
2. B) angi/o-
3. C) vascul/o-
4. D) ather/o-

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) This does mean “blood vessel.”

1. B) This does mean “blood vessel.”
2. C) This does mean “blood vessel.”
3. D) Correct! Ather/o– means “soft, fatty substance.”

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

84) Which word is MISSPELLED?

1. A) hypertriglyceridemia
2. B) arhythmia
3. C) aneurysmectomy
4. D) sphygmomanometer

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) This word is spelled correctly.

1. B) Correct! The correct spelling is arrhythmia.
2. C) This word is spelled correctly.
3. D) This word is spelled correctly.

Page Ref: 222

Learning Outcome:  5.7

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Spelling and Pronouncing

85) All of the following abbreviations refer to diseases of the blood vessels EXCEPT ________.

1. A) PVD
2. B) CAD
3. C) HTN
4. D) ECG

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) affects the blood vessels.

1. B) Coronary artery disease (CAD) affects the blood vessels.
2. C) Hypertension (HTN) affects the blood vessels.
3. D) Correct! ECG means “electrocardiography.”

Page Ref: 230

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Abbreviations

 

 

86) The abbreviation for which surgery is pronounced as “cabbage”?

1. A) coronary artery bypass graft
2. B) heart transplantation
3. C) cardiac exercise stress test
4. D) anastomosis

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is pronounced as “cabbage.”

1. B) There is no abbreviation for heart transplantation.
2. C) There is no abbreviation for cardiac exercise stress test.
3. D) There is no abbreviation for anastomosis.

Page Ref: 238

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Abbreviations

 

87) The combining form cardi/o– means ________.

1. A) “blood”
2. B) “chest”
3. C) “heart”
4. D) “blood vessel”

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Cardi/o– does not mean “blood.”

1. B) Steth/o– and thorac/o– mean “chest.”
2. C) Correct!
3. D) Angi/o-, vascul/o-, and vas/o- means “blood vessel.”

Page Ref: 195

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

88) The combining form diastol/o– means ________.

1. A) “resting”
2. B) “contracting”
3. C) “dilating”
4. D) “distance”

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Diastol/o– does not mean “resting.”

1. B) Diastol/o– does not mean “contracting.”
2. C) Correct!
3. D) Tele/o– means “distance.”

Page Ref: 207

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

 

89) The combining form sin/o- means “________.”

1. A) channel; hollow cavity
2. B) disease
3. C) abnormal; difficult; painful
4. D) sign; symptom

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) The combining form sin/o– does not mean this.
2. C) The prefix dys– means “abnormal; difficult; painful.”
3. D) There are no medical word parts that mean “sign; symptom.”

Page Ref: 212

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

90) The combining form ventricul/o– means “________; ventricle.”

1. A) conduction system
2. B) fluid-filled sac
3. C) chamber that is open at the top
4. D) chamber that is filled

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) There are no medical word parts that mean conduction system.

1. B) Ventricul/o– does not mean this.
2. C) This is the meaning of atri/o-.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 212

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

91) The combining form isch/o-, as seen in the word ischemia, means ________.

1. A) “hard”
2. B) “contracting”
3. C) “block; keep back”
4. D) “soft, fatty substance”

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Scler/o– means “hard.”

1. B) Systol/o– means “contracting.”
2. C) Correct!
3. D) Ather/o– means “soft, fatty substance.”

Page Ref: 225

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

 

92) The combining form infarct/o-, as seen in the phrase myocardial infarction, means ________.

1. A) “small area of dead tissue”
2. B) “structure that encircles like a crown”
3. C) “heart disease”
4. D) “heart attack “

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) Coron/o– means “structure that encircles like a crown.”
2. C) There are no word parts that mean heart disease.
3. D) There are no word parts that mean heart attack.

Page Ref: 219

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

93) The combining form arteri/o– means ________.

1. A) “aorta”
2. B) “arteriole”
3. C) “blood vessel”
4. D) “artery”

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Aort/o– means “aorta.”

1. B) Arteriol/o– means “arteriole.”
2. C) Angi/o-, vas/o-, and vascul/o– mean “blood vessel.”
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 200

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

94) The combining form ather/o-, as seen in atherosclerosis, means ________.

1. A) “cholesterol”
2. B) “hard”
3. C) “blood vessel”
4. D) “soft, fatty substance”

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Cholesterol/o– means “cholesterol.”

1. B) Scler/o– means “hard.”
2. C) Angi/o-, vas/o-, and vascul/o– mean “blood vessel.”
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 225

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

 

95) The combining form tens/o-, as seen in hypertension, means “________; tension.”

1. A) constriction
2. B) pressure
3. C) pulse
4. D) blood pressure

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) Sten/o– means “constriction; narrowness.”

1. B) Correct!
2. C) Sphygm/o– means “pulse.”
3. D) There are no medical word parts that mean blood pressure.

Page Ref: 234

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

96) The combining form claudicat/o-, as seen in intermittent claudication, means ________.

1. A) “narrowed lumen”
2. B) “congested”
3. C) “outer aspects”
4. D) “limping pain”

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) There are no medical word parts that mean “narrowed lumen.”

1. B) There are no medical word parts that mean “congested.”
2. C) Peripher/o– means “outer aspects.”
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 227

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

97) The combining form peripher/o– means ________.

1. A) “heart and great vessels”
2. B) “outer aspects”
3. C) “structure that encircles like a crown”
4. D) “vein”

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) There are no medical word parts that mean “heart and great vessels.”

1. B) Correct!
2. C) Coron/o– means this.
3. D) Phleb/o– and ven/o– mean “vein.”

Page Ref: 227

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

 

98) In the medical word stethoscope, the combining form means ________.

1. A) “chest”
2. B) “instrument used to examine”
3. C) “listening”
4. D) “echo of a sound wave”

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) The suffix –scope means “instrument used to examine.”
2. C) Auscult/o– means “listening.”
3. D) Son/o– means “echo of a sound wave.”

Page Ref: 234

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

99) In the medical phrase ventricular fibrillation, the combining form fibrill/o– means ________.

1. A) “electricity”
2. B) “spasm”
3. C) “arrhythmia”
4. D) “muscle fiber; nerve fiber”

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Electr/o– means “electricity.”

1. B) There are no medical word parts that mean “spasm.”
2. C) Fibrill/o– does not mean “arrhythmia.”
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 222

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

100) The combining form angi/o– means ________.

1. A) “artery; arteriole”
2. B) “aneurysm”
3. C) “blood vessel; lymphatic vessel”
4. D) “murmur”

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Arter/o– and arteri/o– mean “artery.”

1. B) Aneurysm/o– means “aneurysm.”
2. C) Correct!
3. D) There are no word parts that mean “murmur.”

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

 

101) The combining form atri/o– means “atrium ________. ________.”

1. A) artery
2. B) heart chamber
3. C) entrance to the heart
4. D) chamber that is open at the top

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Arter/o– and arteri/o- mean “artery.”

1. B) There are no medical word parts that mean “heart chamber.”
2. C) There are no medical words that mean “entrance to the heart.”
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 212

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

102) The combining form card/i– ________.

1. A) means the same thing as cardi/o–
2. B) refers to only the right side of the heart
3. C) is only be used when referring to diseases of the heart
4. D) is a misspelling of cardi/o–

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! Cardi/o– and card/i– both mean “heart.”

1. B) This statement is not true.
2. C) This statement is not true.
3. D) This statement is not true.

Page Ref: 196

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Parts

103) The combining form circulat/o-, as seen in circulation, means ________.

1. A) “circle”
2. B) “movement in a circular route”
3. C) “going around”
4. D) “structure that encircles like a crown”

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) Circulat/o– does not mean “circle.”

1. B) Correct!
2. C) There are no medical word parts that mean “going around.”
3. D) Coron/o- means “structure that encircles like a crown.”

Page Ref: 196

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

 

104) The combining form coron/o-, as seen in coronary artery, means ________.

1. A) “artery to the heart”
2. B) “heart”
3. C) “movement in a circular route”
4. D) “structure that encircles like a crown”

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) There is no medical word part that means “artery to the heart.”

1. B) Cardi/o– mean “heart.”
2. C) Circulat/o– means “movement in a circular route.”
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 202

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

105) The combining form cusp/o– means ________.

1. A) “gate; opening”
2. B) “heart valve”
3. C) “intima”
4. D) “point; projection”

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) There is no medical word part that means “gate; opening.”

1. B) Valv/o– and valvul/o– mean “valve.”
2. C) There is no medical word part that means “intima.”
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 197

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

106) The combining form my/o– means ________.

1. A) “disease”
2. B) “heart”
3. C) “heart muscle”
4. D) “muscle”

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) The suffix –pathy means “disease.”

1. B) Cardi/o– mean “heart.”
2. C) There is no medical word part that means “heart muscle.”
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 198

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

 

107) The combining form rrhythm/o– means ________.

1. A) “electricity”
2. B) “regular in occurrence”
3. C) “rhythm”
4. D) “heartbeat”

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Electr/o– means “electricity.”

1. B) There is no medical word part that means “regular in occurrence.”
2. C) Correct!
3. D) There is no medical word part that means “heartbeat.”

Page Ref: 222

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

108) The combining form sphygm/o-, as seen in sphygmomanometer, means ________.

1. A) “blood vessel”
2. B) “instrument used to measure”
3. C) “pressure”
4. D) “pulse”

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Angi/o-, vas/o– and vascul/o– mean “blood vessel.”

1. B) The suffix –metry means “instrument used to measure.”
2. C) Tens/o- means “pressure.”
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 237

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

109) The combining form systol/o– means ________.

1. A) “contracting”
2. B) “dilating”
3. C) “thinning”
4. D) “widening”

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) Diastol/o– means “dilating.”
2. C) There are no medical word parts that mean “thinning.”
3. D) Dilat/o– means “dilate; widen.”

Page Ref: 237

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

 

110) Which of the following is NOT categorized as a blood vessel?

1. A) artery
2. B) capillary
3. C) endothelium
4. D) vein

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) An artery is a blood vessel.

1. B) A capillary is the smallest blood vessel.
2. C) Correct! Endothelium is the lining inside a blood vessel.
3. D) A vein is a blood vessel.

Page Ref: 200

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

111) The heart is a/an ________ organ that contracts at least once every second to pump blood through the body.

1. A) endocrine
2. B) lymphatic
3. C) muscular
4. D) pulmonary

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) The heart is not an endocrine organ.

1. B) The heart is not a lymphatic organ.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) The heart is not a pulmonary organ.

Page Ref: 196

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

112) The heart has an extensive ________ system that initiates and coordinates contractions.

1. A) electrical
2. B) filtration
3. C) muscular
4. D) vascular

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) The heart does not filter anything.
2. C) The heart muscle does not initiate and coordinate contractions.
3. D) The blood vessels do not initiate and coordinate contractions.

Page Ref: 196

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

113) The heart contains four chambers; the upper two are called the ________.

1. A) apex
2. B) ventricles
3. C) septum
4. D) atria

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) The apex is the tip of the heart. It is not a chamber.

1. B) The ventricles are the lower, not the upper, chambers.
2. C) The septum separates the left and right heart. It is not a chamber.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 196

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

114) Which of the following is NOT one of the four valves in the heart?

1. A) coronary
2. B) mitral
3. C) pulmonary
4. D) tricuspid

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! There is no coronary valve.

1. B) The mitral valve lies between the left atrium and left ventricle.
2. C) The pulmonary valve lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.
3. D) The tricuspid valve lies between the right atrium and the right ventricle.

Page Ref: 197

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

115) The ________ valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta.

1. A) aortic
2. B) mitral
3. C) pulmonary
4. D) tricuspid

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) The mitral valve lies between the left atrium and left ventricle.
2. C) The pulmonary valve lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.
3. D) The tricuspid valve lies between the right atrium and the right ventricle.

Page Ref: 197

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

116) The thoracic cavity contains the lungs and the ________, an irregularly shaped, central area between the lungs.

1. A) bundle of His
2. B) diaphragm
3. C) pulmonary trunk
4. D) mediastinum

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) The bundle of His is in the conduction system within the heart.

1. B) The diaphragm separates the thoracic and abdominal cavity.
2. C) The pulmonary trunk is not an area between the lungs.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 199

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

117) Blood vessels have a small, central opening or ________ through which the blood flows.

1. A) capillary
2. B) endothelium
3. C) lumen
4. D) valve

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) A capillary is the blood vessel, not the central opening.

1. B) The endothelium lines the wall of a blood vessel.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) Valves are in blood vessels but are not the small, central opening.

Page Ref: 200

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

118) Of the following, which is the largest blood vessel.

1. A) artery
2. B) capillary
3. C) venule
4. D) valve

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) A capillary is the smallest blood vessel.
2. C) A venule is a small vein.
3. D) A valve is not a type of blood vessel.

Page Ref: 200

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

119) The smaller branches of an artery are called ________.

1. A) arterioles
2. B) capillaries
3. C) intima
4. D) venules

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) Capillaries are not the smaller branches of an artery.
2. C) Intima is the lining of a blood vessel.
3. D) Venules are small veins.

Page Ref: 200

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

120) Most women experience angina pectoris as ________.

1. A) indigestion or nausea
2. B) anxiety
3. C) fatigue and trouble sleeping
4. D) all of the above

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer.

1. B) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer.
2. C) This is true, but it is not the only correct answer.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 218

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

121) The ________ artery brings oxygenated blood to the shoulder and goes underneath the clavicle.

1. A) axillary
2. B) brachial
3. C) carotid
4. D) subclavian

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) The axillary artery brings blood to the axilla (armpit).

1. B) The brachial artery brings blood to the upper arm.
2. C) The carotid artery brings blood to the head.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 202

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

122) The ________ artery divides into the brachial artery, and then further branches into the radial artery and ulnar artery that bring oxygenated blood to the upper and lower arm.

1. A) axillary
2. B) carotid
3. C) popliteal
4. D) subclavian

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) The carotid artery brings blood to the head.
2. C) The popliteal artery brings blood to the back of the knee.
3. D) The subclavian artery comes off the aorta before the axillary artery.

Page Ref: 203

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

123) After the thoracic aorta goes through the diaphragm, it becomes the ________ aorta.

1. A) abdominal
2. B) iliac
3. C) pelvic
4. D) renal

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) There is no iliac aorta, only iliac arteries that begin where the aorta ends.
2. C) There is no pelvic aorta.
3. D) There is no renal aorta, only renal arteries that branch off the aorta.

Page Ref: 204

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

124) A sudden, temporary, but self-correcting decrease in the systolic blood pressure that occurs when the patient goes from a lying to a standing position is called ________.

1. A) prehypertension
2. B) intermittent claudication
3. C) orthostatic hypotension
4. D) Raynaud’s disease

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) This does not describe prehypertension.

1. B) This does not describe intermittent claudication.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) This does not describe Raynaud’s disease.

Page Ref: 227

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

125) The ________ artery brings oxygenated blood to the upper leg.

1. A) femoral
2. B) pelvic
3. C) popliteal
4. D) renal

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) There is no pelvic artery.
2. C) The popliteal artery brings blood to the back of the knee.
3. D) The renal artery brings blood to the kidneys.

Page Ref: 204

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

126) All of the following occur in the legs EXCEPT ________.

1. A) varicose veins
2. B) intermittent claudication
3. C) jugular venous distention
4. D) phlebitis

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) This does occur in the legs.

1. B) This does occur in the legs.
2. C) Correct! This only occurs in the neck in patients with congestive heart failure.
3. D) This does occur in the legs.

Page Ref: 219

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

127) The two major veins of the body are the superior and inferior ________.

1. A) aorta
2. B) chordae tendineae
3. C) chambers
4. D) venae cavae

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) The aorta is an artery, not a vein.

1. B) The chordae tendineae are not veins.
2. C) The heart chambers are not veins.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 204

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

128) The ________ node of the heart initiates the electrical impulse that begins each heartbeat.

1. A) atrioventricular
2. B) myocardial
3. C) bundle of His
4. D) sinoatrial

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) The atrioventricular node does not initiate this electrical impulse.

1. B) There is no myocardial node.
2. C) The bundle of His does not initiate this electrical impulse.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 206

Learning Outcome:  5.2

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Physiology

 

129) After the AV node, an electrical impulse travels through the ________.

1. A) chordae tendineae
2. B) bundle of His
3. C) Purkinje fibers
4. D) sinoatrial node

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) The chordae tendineae do not conduct electrical impulses.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) The Purkinje fibers are not after the AV node.
3. D) The sinoatrial node is before the AV node.

Page Ref: 207

Learning Outcome:  5.2

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Physiology

130) The pulmonary circulation contains the arteries, capillaries, and veins that go in and out of the ________.

1. A) blood vessels
2. B) chest
3. C) heart
4. D) lungs

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) The pulmonary circulation does not go in and out of the blood vessels.

1. B) The pulmonary circulation does not go in and out of the chest.
2. C) The pulmonary circulation does not go in and out of the heart.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 205

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

131) The combining form ________ means “structure like a tall hat with two points.”

1. A) coron/o-
2. B) tri-
3. C) cusp/o-
4. D) mitr/o-

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Coron/o– means “structure that encircles like a crown.”

1. B) Tri- is a prefix, not a combining form.
2. C) Cusp/o– means “point; projection.”
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 197

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

132) The outer wall of the pericardial sac is the ________ pericardium.

1. A) endocardium
2. B) myocardium
3. C) parietal
4. D) visceral

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) This is not part of the pericardium.

1. B) This is not part of the pericardium.
2. C) Correct! Pariet/o- means “wall of a cavity.”
3. D) The visceral pericardium is next to the surface of the heart.

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

133) The brachial artery supplies blood to the ________.

1. A) upper arm
2. B) fingers
3. C) upper leg
4. D) toes

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) The radial and ulnar arteries supply blood to the fingers.
2. C) The femoral artery supplies blood to the upper leg.
3. D) The tibial and peroneal arteries supply blood to the toes.

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

134) The combining form carot/o-, as seen in carotid artery, means ________.

1. A) “coronary”
2. B) “head; neck”
3. C) “heart”
4. D) “sleep; stupor”

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) There is no combining form that means “coronary.”

1. B) The carotid artery is in the neck, but carot/o– does not mean “head; neck.”
2. C) Cardi/o– means “heart.”
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

135) By the definition of the combining form, we can tell that endothelium is a ________.

1. A) blood vessel
2. B) cellular layer
3. C) structure within
4. D) heart valve

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) Theli/o- does not mean “blood vessel.”

1. B) Correct!
2. C) Theli/o– does not mean “structure within.”
3. D) Theli/o– does not mean “heart valve.”

Page Ref: 200

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

136) A pacemaker would be implanted in the chest to treat a patient with ________.

1. A) an arrhythmia
2. B) a bruit
3. C) angina
4. D) a thrombus

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) A pacemaker is not used to treat a bruit.
2. C) A pacemaker is not used to treat angina.
3. D) A pacemaker is not used to treat a blood clot.

Page Ref: 239

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

 

137) A myocardial infarction is ________.

1. A) a small area of dead tissue
2. B) an overactive heart muscle
3. C) blocked oxygen flow
4. D) diseased heart muscle

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! Infarct/o– means “small area of dead tissue.”

1. B) It is not an overactive heart muscle.
2. C) This describes ischemia, not a myocardial infarction.
3. D) It is not a diseased heart muscle.

Page Ref: 219

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

138) Endocarditis is inflammation and ________ infection of the endocardium lining a heart valve.

1. A) necrosis
2. B) bacterial
3. C) muscular
4. D) neonatal

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) There is no necrosis inflammation.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) The endocardium is affected, not the heart muscle.
3. D) This does not occur in a fetus or neonate.

Page Ref: 220

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Diseases

139) In a patient who has pericarditis, the inflammation occurs of the sac ________ the heart.

1. A) around
2. B) inside
3. C) outside
4. D) within

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) Peri– does not mean “inside.”
2. C) Peri– does not mean “outside.”
3. D) Peri– does not mean “within.”

Page Ref: 221

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

 

140) During a cardiac catheterization, the doctor notes that one of the coronary arteries has stenosis, or a “condition (of) ________.”

1. A) hardness
2. B) constriction; narrowness
3. C) thrombus
4. D) widening

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) Scler/o-, not sten/o-, means “hard.”

1. B) Correct!
2. C) Sten/o– does not mean “thrombus.”
3. D) Sten/o– does not mean “widening.”

Page Ref: 221

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

141) In mitral regurgitation, the blood flows ________.

1. A) away from the heart
2. B) backward through the valve
3. C) sideways within the heart
4. D) toward the valve

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) This does not describe regurgitation.

1. B) Correct! Regurgitat/o- means “backward flow.”
2. C) This does not describe regurgitation.
3. D) This does not describe regurgitation.

Page Ref: 220

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

142) ________ is an arrhythmia in which there is a very fast but regular rhythm (250 beats per minute) of the atria or ventricles.

1. A) Asystole
2. B) Fibrillation
3. C) Flutter
4. D) Murmur

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Asystole, the complete absence of a heartbeat, is not an arrhythmia.

1. B) Fibrillation is an arrhythmia, but it has an uncoordinated quivering, not have a regular rhythm.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) A murmur is an abnormal heart sound, not an arrhythmia.

Page Ref: 222

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

143) If an EKG tracing shows bigeminy, there was a repeating pattern of ________.

1. A) fast, uncoordinated quivering
2. B) an absence of the heartbeat
3. C) one premature contraction then one normal contraction
4. D) two premature contractions that occur together

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) This describes ventricular fibrillation, not bigeminy.

1. B) This describes asystole, not bigeminy.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) This describes a couplet.

Page Ref: 223

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

144) A supraventricular beat means that an electrical impulse originated from an ectopic site that was ________ the ventricles.

1. A) above
2. B) below
3. C) inside
4. D) outside

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! Supra– means “above.”

1. B) Supra– does not mean “below.”
2. C) Supra– does not mean “inside.”
3. D) Supra– does not mean “outside.”

Page Ref: 223

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

145) A patient diagnosed with arteriosclerosis has an abnormal condition in which the ________.

1. A) artery walls become hard
2. B) blood vessels become soft
3. C) capillaries dilate
4. D) veins enlarge

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! Scler/o– means “hard.”

1. B) This does not describe arteriosclerosis.
2. C) This does not describe arteriosclerosis.
3. D) This does not describe arteriosclerosis.

Page Ref: 225

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

 

146) An atheroma is a ________.

1. A) tumor (that is) cancer
2. B) tumor that is hard
3. C) mass (that is a) soft, fatty substance
4. D) mass (of) small area of dead tissue

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) The suffix –oma means “mass; tumor,” but not “cancer.”

1. B) Ather/o– does not mean “hard.”
2. C) Correct!
3. D) Ather/o– does not mean “small area of dead tissue.”

Page Ref: 225

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

147) A/An ________ is a harsh, rushing sound made by blood passing through an artery narrowed and roughened by atherosclerosis.

1. A) aneurysm
2. B) bruit
3. C) murmur
4. D) plaque

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) An aneurysm is not a sound.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) A murmur is a sound, but it is not created by atherosclerosis.
3. D) Plaque is not a sound.

Page Ref: 226

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

148) A patient with hypertension has a “condition (of) more than normal ________.”

1. A) blood
2. B) cholesterol
3. C) heartbeats
4. D) pressure

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Hypertension is not more than normal blood.

1. B) Hypertension is not more than normal cholesterol.
2. C) Hypertension is not more than normal heartbeats.
3. D) Correct! Tens/o– means “pressure; tension.”

Page Ref: 227

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

 

149) A patient with phlebitis has ________.

1. A) a thrombus
2. B) varicose veins
3. C) high blood pressure
4. D) inflammation of a vein

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Phleb/o– does not mean thrombus (blood clot).

1. B) This does not describe phlebitis.
2. C) This describes hypertension, not phlebitis.
3. D) Correct! Phleb/o– means “vein.”

Page Ref: 228

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

150) The medical language definition of the word electrocardiography is ________.

1. A) “a picture or record (of the) electricity (of the) heart”
2. B) “an instrument used to examine (the) electricity (of the) heart”
3. C) “a person who does (an) electrical (tracing of the) heart”
4. D) “the process of recording (the) electricity (of the) heart”

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) The suffix –graphy does not mean “picture; record.”

1. B) The suffix –graphy does not mean “instrument used to examine.”
2. C) The suffix –graphy does not mean “person who does.”
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 230

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

151) The combining form tele/o-, as found in the word telemetry, means ________.

1. A) “measure”
2. B) “distance”
3. C) “monitor”
4. D) “recording”

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) Tele/o- does not mean “measure.”

1. B) Correct!
2. C) There are no medical word parts that mean “monitor.”
3. D) Tele/o– does not mean “recording.”

Page Ref: 232

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

 

152) An angiogram is a/an ________.

1. A) “instrument used to examine (an) artery”
2. B) “process of measuring (a) blood vessel”
3. C) “picture (of a) blood vessel”
4. D) “process of recording (an) artery”

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) The suffix –gram does not mean “instrument used to examine.”

1. B) The suffix –gram does not mean “process of measuring.”
2. C) Correct!
3. D) The suffix –gram does not mean “process of recording.”

Page Ref: 232

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

153) In the medical procedure cardioversion, the combining form vers/o– means ________.

1. A) “measure”
2. B) “direct; place”
3. C) “halt; stop”
4. D) “travel; turn”

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Vers/o– does not mean “measure.”

1. B) There are no word parts that mean “direct.”
2. C) There are no word parts that mean “halt.”
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 235

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

154) The medical language definition of the word ________ is “instrument used to measure (the pressure of the) pulse (by using a) thin (inflatable cuff).”

1. A) arteriosclerosis
2. B) electrophysiology
3. C) sphygmomanometer
4. D) stethoscope

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Arteriosclerosis is not an instrument.

1. B) Electrophysiology uses electricity, not a thin, inflatable cuff.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) Stethoscope is an instrument, but it does not have a thin, inflatable cuff.

Page Ref: 237

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

 

155) Because of the meaning of the suffix, a patient scheduled for an aneurysmectomy is going to have a ________.

1. A) “procedure to puncture (the) aneurysm”
2. B) “process of measuring (the) aneurysm”
3. C) “surgical removal(of an) aneurysm”
4. D) “surgically created opening (in an aneurysm)”

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) The suffix –ectomy does not mean “procedure to puncture.”

1. B) The suffix –ectomy does not mean “process of measuring.”
2. C) Correct!
3. D) The suffix –ectomy does not mean “surgically created opening.”

Page Ref: 237

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

156) To correct a cardiac tamponade and withdraw accumulated fluid, a pericardiocentesis will be performed. This is a/an ________.

1. A) “instrument used to cut (the) heart muscle”
2. B) “procedure to puncture (the membrane) around (the) heart”
3. C) “process of reshaping by surgery around (the) heart”
4. D) “surgical removal (of the membrane) around heart”

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) The suffix –centesis does not mean “instrument used to cut.”

1. B) Correct!
2. C) The suffix –centesis does not mean “process of reshaping by surgery.”
3. D) The suffix –centesis does not mean “surgical removal.”

Page Ref: 240

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

157) From the meaning of the suffix, we can tell that a valvulotome would be an instrument used to ________ a valve.

1. A) cut
2. B) puncture
3. C) reshape by surgery
4. D) remove

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! The suffix –tome means “instrument used to cut.”

1. B) The suffix –tome does not mean “puncture.”
2. C) The suffix –tome does not mean “reshape by surgery.”
3. D) The suffix –tome does not mean “remove.”

Page Ref: 240

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

158) A paramedic notifies the hospital that the ambulance is bringing in a patient with a suspected MI. This means the patient may have had a heart ________.

1. A) infection
2. B) arrhythmia
3. C) attack
4. D) murmur

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) MI stands for “myocardial infarction,” not “infection.”

1. B) MI stands for “myocardial infarction,” not “arrhythmia.”
2. C) Correct!
3. D) MI stands for “myocardial infarction,” not “murmur.”

Page Ref: 219

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Abbreviations

 

159) After looking at a patient’s heart monitor, the healthcare professional notes that the patient is in NSR, which refers to ________.

1. A) dilation of the blood vessels
2. B) function of the valves
3. C) a blockage of the arteries
4. D) the rhythm of the heart

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) NSR (normal sinus rhythm) is not related to the blood vessels.

1. B) NSR (normal sinus rhythm) is not related to the valves.
2. C) NSR (normal sinus rhythm) is not related to the arteries.
3. D) Correct! NSR stands for “normal sinus rhythm.”

Page Ref: 207

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Abbreviations

 

160) Robert Jay is scheduled to have a TEE. The healthcare professional will tell the patient that the catheter will be inserted into his ________.

1. A) aorta
2. B) esophagus
3. C) heart
4. D) thoracic cavity

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) TEE stands for “transesophageal echocardiography.”

1. B) Correct! TEE stands for “transesophageal echocardiography.”
2. C) TEE stands for “transesophageal echocardiography.”
3. D) TEE stands for “transesophageal echocardiography.”

Page Ref: 233

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Abbreviations

 

161) A patient in V fib ________.

1. A) is having a heart attack
2. B) has a murmur and a valve defect
3. C) has a life-threatening arrhythmia
4. D) has a bulging aneurysm of a vein

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Ventricular fibrillation (V fib) is not related to a heart attack.

1. B) Ventricular fibrillation (V fib) is not related to a valve defect.
2. C) Correct! V fib stands for “ventricular fibrillation.”
3. D) Ventricular fibrillation (V fib) is not related to an aneurysm.

Page Ref: 222

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Diseases

 

162) To prevent a blood clot from forming, a physician would prescribe ________.

1. A) an antihypertensive drug
2. B) an anticoagulant drug
3. C) a digitalis drug
4. D) a thrombolytic drug

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) An antihypertensive drug is used to treat hypertension, not a blood clot.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) A digitalis drug is used to treat congestive heart failure, not a blood clot.
3. D) A thrombolytic drug is used to break up a clot only after it has formed.

Page Ref: 241

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Pharmacology

 

163) A digitalis drug such as digoxin strengthens the heart’s contractions and is prescribed to treat ________.

1. A) congestive heart failure
2. B) a cardiac arrest
3. C) a high cholesterol level
4. D) a blood clot

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) A digitalis drug is not used to treat cardiac arrest.
2. C) A digitalis drug is not used to treat a high cholesterol level.
3. D) A digitalis drug is not used to treat a blood clot.

Page Ref: 242

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Pharmacology

 

164) The abbreviation for blood pressure is ________.

1. A) mm Hg
2. B) BP
3. C) HTN
4. D) BPM

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) This is the measurement unit, not the abbreviation for blood pressure.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) This is the abbreviation for hypertension.
3. D) This is the abbreviation for beats per minute.

Page Ref: 236

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Abbreviations

 

165) All of the following are cardiovascular surgeries EXCEPT ________.

1. A) PTCA
2. B) CABG
3. C) RFA
4. D) CPR

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) PTCA stands for percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, a surgery.

1. B) CABG stands for coronary artery bypass graft, a surgery.
2. C) RFA stands for radiofrequency ablation, a surgery.
3. D) Correct! Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a medical procedure.

Page Ref: 244

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Abbreviations

 

166) All of the following would be part of a lipid profile blood test EXCEPT ________.

1. A) VLDL
2. B) CK-MB
3. C) HDL
4. D) LDL

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) Very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) is part of a lipid profile.

1. B) Correct! This is an enzyme that is in the heart muscle.
2. C) High-density lipoproteins (HDL) is part of a lipid profile.
3. D) Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) is part of a lipid profile.

Page Ref: 229

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

167) Which syllable is the primary accented syllable in the pronunciation of the medical word angioplasty (an-jee-oh-plas-tee)?

1. A) an
2. B) jee
3. C) plas
4. D) tee

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) This is not the primary accented syllable.
2. C) This is not the primary accented syllable.
3. D) This is not the primary accented syllable.

Page Ref: 239

Learning Outcome:  5.7

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Spelling and Pronouncing

 

168) Which syllable is the primary accented syllable in the pronunciation of the medical word cardiomegaly (kar-dee-oh-meg-ah-lee)?

1. A) kar
2. B) dee
3. C) meg
4. D) lee

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) This is not the primary accented syllable.

1. B) This is not the primary accented syllable.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) This is not the primary accented syllable.

Page Ref: 218

Learning Outcome:  5.7

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Spelling and Pronouncing

169) Which of the following words is MISSPELLED?

1. A) aneurysm
2. B) atrioventricular
3. C) peroneal artery
4. D) rhuematic heart disease

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) This is spelled correctly.

1. B) This is spelled correctly.
2. C) This is spelled correctly.
3. D) Correct! It should be rheumatic.

Page Ref: 221

Learning Outcome:  5.7

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Spelling and Pronouncing

 

170) Which of the following words is MISSPELLED?

1. A) arhythmia
2. B) asystole
3. C) arteriosclerosis
4. D) phlebitis

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! It should be arrhythmia.

1. B) This is spelled correctly.
2. C) This is spelled correctly.
3. D) This is spelled correctly.

Page Ref: 222

Learning Outcome:  5.7

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Spelling and Pronouncing

 

171) Which word parts do you need to build a medical word that means “inflammation of a vein”?

1. A) –ous, ven/o–
2. B) –ose, varic/o-
3. C) –itis, phleb/o-
4. D) –oma, ather/o–

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) These word parts build the medical word venous.

1. B) These word parts build the medical word varicose.
2. C) Correct! These word parts build the medical word phlebitis.
3. D) These word parts build the medical word atheroma.

Page Ref: 228

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

172) The flow of blood through the heart is controlled by ________.

1. A) valves
2. B) the SA node
3. C) the bundle of His
4. D) the ventricles

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) The SA node does not control blood flow.
2. C) The bundle of His does not control blood flow.
3. D) The ventricles do not control blood flow.

Page Ref: 197

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

173) Concerning the abbreviations ECG and EKG, which of the following statements is TRUE?

1. A) Both abbreviations ECG and EKG stand for echocardiogram.
2. B) Both abbreviations ECG and EKG stand for
3. C) The abbreviation ECG stands for echocardiogram and the abbreviation EKG stands for electrocardiography.
4. D) The abbreviation ECG stands for electrocardiography and the abbreviation EKG stands for echocardiogram.

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) ECG and EKG both stand for electrocardiography.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) ECG and EKG both stand for electrocardiography.
3. D) ECG and EKG both stand for electrocardiography.

Page Ref: 230

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Abbreviations

 

174) All ________ carry blood away from the heart.

1. A) valves
2. B) veins
3. C) arteries
4. D) capillaries

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Valves do not carry blood.

1. B) All veins carry blood to the heart.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) Capillaries connect arteries and veins.

Page Ref: 200

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

175) What is the name of the only artery that does NOT carry bright red, oxygenated blood?

1. A) brachial artery
2. B) aorta
3. C) pulmonary artery
4. D) coronary artery

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) The brachial artery carries bright red, oxygenated blood to the arm.

1. B) The aorta carries bright red, oxygenated blood.
2. C) Correct! The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
3. D) The coronary arteries carry bright red, oxygenated blood.

Page Ref: 204

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

176) The artery in the upper leg is known as the ________ artery.

1. A) femoral
2. B) brachial
3. C) tibial
4. D) pulmonary

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) The brachial artery is in the upper arm.
2. C) The tibial artery is in the lower leg.
3. D) The pulmonary arteries are in the lungs.

Page Ref: 204

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

177) The contraction of the heart is known as ________.

1. A) diastole
2. B) myocardium
3. C) systole
4. D) pericardium

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Diastole is not a heart contraction.

1. B) The myocardium is the heart muscle.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) The pericardium is a membrane sac around the heart.

Page Ref: 207

Learning Outcome:  5.2

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Physiology

 

178) Cardiac enzymes are released from the heart into the blood when ________.

1. A) there is an arrhythmia
2. B) myocardial cells die
3. C) the heart is pumping too hard
4. D) the heart valves have murmurs

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) Cardiac enzymes are not released during an arrhythmia.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) Cardiac enzymes are not released because the heart is pumping too hard.
3. D) Cardiac enzymes are not released due to murmurs.

Page Ref: 229

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

179) All of the following are types of arrhythmias EXCEPT ________.

1. A) bradycardia
2. B) aneurysm
3. C) fibrillation
4. D) bigeminy

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) This is an arrhythmia.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) This is an arrhythmia.
3. D) This is an arrhythmia.

Page Ref: 224

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

180) In left-sided congestive heart failure, fluid from the blood backs up into the ________.

1. A) neck and legs
2. B) abdominal cavity
3. C) lungs
4. D) myocardium

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) This describes right-sided congestive heart failure.

1. B) Congestive heart failure does not cause fluid backup in the abdominal cavity.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) Congestive heart failure does not cause fluid backup in the myocardium.

Page Ref: 219

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

181) ________ is the sound of blood flowing backward because of a defective heart valve.

1. A) Vegetation
2. B) Stenosis
3. C) Arrhythmia
4. D) Murmur

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Vegetation is a structure, not a sound.

1. B) Stenosis is a narrowing, not a sound.
2. C) Arrhythmia is not a sound.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 221

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

182) In what procedure is a balloon inflated within an artery to compress atheromatous plaque?

1. A) valvuloplasty
2. B) sonography
3. C) electrocardiography
4. D) angioplasty

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) Valvuloplasty does not use a balloon in an artery.

1. B) Sonography uses sound waves, not a balloon.
2. C) Electrocardiography uses electricity, not a balloon.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 239

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

183) A pacemaker controls the ________.

1. A) heart’s rate and rhythm
2. B) heart’s valves
3. C) blood flow of the heart
4. D) all of the above

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) The pacemaker does not control the valves.
2. C) The pacemaker does not control the blood flow.
3. D) Only one of these is correct.

Page Ref: 239

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

184) All blood vessels are lined with ________, a smooth inner layer that promotes the flow of blood.

1. A) vasculature
2. B) pericardium
3. C) endothelium
4. D) Purkinje fibers

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) Vasculature is a network of blood vessels.

1. B) The pericardium is a membrane around the heart.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) Purkinje fibers are in the conduction system of the heart.

Page Ref: 200

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

185) Which of the following combining forms does NOT mean “blood vessel”?

1. A) vas/o-
2. B) phleb/o–
3. C) angi/o-
4. D) vascul/o-

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) This does mean “blood vessel.”

1. B) Correct! Phleb/o– means “vein.”
2. C) This does mean “blood vessel.”
3. D) This does mean “blood vessel.”

Page Ref: 196

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

186) Which of these word part pairs does NOT have an opposite meaning?

1. A) epi-, sub-
2. B) endo-, peri-
3. C) constrict/o-, dilat/o–
4. D) brady-, tachy–

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) Epi– means “above; upon” and sub- means “below; underneath”–opposites.

1. B) Correct! Endo– means “innermost, within,” and peri- means “around”–not opposites.
2. C) Constrict/o– means “drawn together; narrowed” and dilat/o– means “dilate; widen”–opposites.
3. D) Brady– means “slow” and tachy– means “fast”–opposites.

Page Ref: 199

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

187) Which words show an opposite action?

1. A) conduction, contraction
2. B) circulation, defibrillation
3. C) regurgitation, systole
4. D) vasoconstriction, vasodilation

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) These do not show an opposite action.

1. B) These do not show an opposite action.
2. C) These do not show an opposite action.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 200

Learning Outcome:  5.2

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Physiology

 

188) Which of the following phrases is MISSPELLED?

1. A) perineal artery
2. B) saphenous vein
3. C) ectopic site
4. D) Purkinje fibers

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! It should be peroneal artery.

1. B) This is the correct spelling.
2. C) This is the correct spelling.
3. D) This is the correct spelling.

Page Ref: 204

Learning Outcome:  5.7

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Spelling and Pronouncing

 

189) Which is the primary accented syllable in the word vasculature (vas-kyoo-lah-chur)?

1. A) vas
2. B) kyoo
3. C) lah
4. D) chur

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) This is not the primary accented syllable.
2. C) This is not the primary accented syllable.
3. D) This is not the primary accented syllable.

Page Ref: 200

Learning Outcome:  5.7

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Spelling and Pronouncing

 

190) Which is the primary accented syllable in the word angiogram (an-jee-oh-gram)?

1. A) an
2. B) jee
3. C) oh
4. D) gram

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) This is not the primary accented syllable.
2. C) This is not the primary accented syllable.
3. D) This is not the primary accented syllable.

Page Ref: 232

Learning Outcome:  5.7

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Spelling and Pronouncing

 

191) Which is the primary accented syllable in the word diastolic (dy-ah-staw-lik)?

1. A) dy
2. B) ah
3. C) staw
4. D) lik

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) This is not the primary accented syllable.

1. B) This is not the primary accented syllable.
2. C) Correct!
3. D) This is not the primary accented syllable.

Page Ref: 237

Learning Outcome:  5.7

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Spelling and Pronouncing

 

192) The word anticoagulant divides into what word parts?

1. A) an– and tico/a– and gul/o– and -ant
2. B) anti– and coagul/o– and -ant
3. C) anticoagul/o– and –ant
4. D) none of these

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) These are not the word parts.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) These are not the word parts.
3. D) One answer is correct.

Page Ref: 241

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

193) The word cardiothoracic contains what word parts?

1. A) two combining forms and a suffix
2. B) three combining forms and a suffix
3. C) a prefix, a combining form, and a suffix
4. D) a prefix and two suffixes

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! Cardi/o-, thorac/o– and -ic.

1. B) It does not contain three combining forms.
2. C) It does not contain a prefix.
3. D) It does not contain a prefix and two suffixes.

Page Ref: 199

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

194) The word subclavian contains what word parts?

1. A) two combining forms and a suffix
2. B) three combining forms and a suffix
3. C) a prefix, a combining form, and a suffix
4. D) a prefix and two suffixes

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) It does not contain two combining forms.

1. B) It does not contain three combining forms.
2. C) Correct! Sub-, clav/o-, and –ian.
3. D) It does not contain a prefix and two suffixes.

Page Ref: 202

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

195) The word endarterectomy contains what word parts?

1. A) two combining forms and a suffix
2. B) three combining forms and a suffix
3. C) a prefix, a combining form, and a suffix
4. D) a prefix and two suffixes

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) It does not contain two combining forms.

1. B) It does not contain three combining forms.
2. C) Correct! Endo-, arter/o-, and -ectomy.
3. D) It does not contain a prefix and two suffixes.

Page Ref: 238

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

196) The word electrocardiography contains what word parts?

1. A) two combining forms and a suffix
2. B) three combining forms and a suffix
3. C) a prefix, a combining form, and a suffix
4. D) a prefix and two suffixes

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct! Electro/o-, cardi/o-, and –graphy.

1. B) It does not contain three combining forms.
2. C) It does not contain a prefix.
3. D) It does not contain a prefix.

Page Ref: 230

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

197) In the medical word thrombophlebitis, the word part that means “blood clot” is ________.

1. A) throm/o-
2. B) thromb/o-
3. C) phleb/o-
4. D) -itis

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) This is not a combining form.

1. B) Correct!
2. C) Phleb/o– means “vein.”
3. D) The suffix –itis means “infection of; inflammation of.”

Page Ref: 228

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

198) Which word parts do you need to build a drug word that means “pertaining to blood clot breakdown”?

1. A) cardi/o-, constrict/o-, -ion
2. B) anti-, angi/o-, -al
3. C) peri-, cardi/o-, -centesis
4. D) thromb/o-, lyt/o-, -ic

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) These word parts do not mean that.

1. B) These word parts do not mean that.
2. C) These word parts do not mean that.
3. D) Correct!

Page Ref: 243

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

199) When you build a medical word that means “process of recording higher sound,” you would use all of the following word parts EXCEPT ________.

1. A) –graphy
2. B) hyper-
3. C) son/o–
4. D) ultra–

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) The suffix –graphy means “process of recording.”

1. B) Correct!
2. C) The combining form son/o– means “sound.”
3. D) The prefix ultra– means “beyond; higher.”

Page Ref: 233

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

200) All of the following are TRUE about varicose veins EXCEPT ________.

1. A) there is a family tendency to develop them
2. B) they can be treated surgically with an aneurysmectomy
3. C) they can occur during pregnancy
4. D) they can occur because of long periods of sitting or standing

Answer:  C

Explanation:  A) This is a true statement.

1. B) Correct! They are treated medically with sclerotherapy.
2. C) This is a true statement.
3. D) This is a true statement.

Page Ref: 228

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

201) Valves are located in which of the following?

1. A) heart and veins
2. B) heart and arteries
3. C) arteries and veins
4. D) veins and capillaries

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) Valves are not located in arteries.
2. C) Valves are not located in arteries.
3. D) Valves are not located in capillaries.

Page Ref: 197, 201

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

202) All of the following are used to treat an aneurysm, EXCEPT ________.

1. A) the surgery of an aneurysmectomy
2. B) do cardiopulmonary bypass
3. C) place a metal clip on the neck of the aneurysm
4. D) replace the aneurysm with a synthetic graft

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) This is done to correct an aneurysm.

1. B) Correct! This takes over the function of the heart and lungs, but does not correct an aneurysm.
2. C) This is done to correct an aneurysm.
3. D) This is done to correct an aneurysm.

Page Ref: 224

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

203) Severe arteriosclerosis that blocks the carotid artery can cause ________.

1. A) a stroke
2. B) coronary artery disease
3. C) kidney failure
4. D) a heart attack

Answer:  A

Explanation:  A) Correct!

1. B) This is arteriosclerosis of the coronary artery.
2. C) The renal arteries supply blood to the kidneys.
3. D) Arteriosclerosis in the coronary artery can cause a heart attack.

Page Ref: 225

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

204) A PTCA or a CABG are both abbreviations for surgical procedures that are used to treat ________.

1. A) varicose veins
2. B) coronary artery disease
3. C) hypertension
4. D) an arrhythmia

Answer:  B

Explanation:  A) These are not used to treat varicose veins.

1. B) Correct! Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
2. C) Hypertension is treated with drugs, not surgery.
3. D) These are not used to treat an arrhythmia.

Page Ref: 226

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

205) All of the following are used to treat an arrhythmia EXCEPT ________.

1. A) insertion of a pacemaker
2. B) giving an antiarrhythmic drug
3. C) performing cardioversion
4. D) performing an electrocardiogram

Answer:  D

Explanation:  A) This is used to treat an arrhythmia.

1. B) This is used to treat an arrhythmia.
2. C) This is used to treat an arrhythmia.
3. D) This is used to diagnose an arrhythmia, not treat one.

Page Ref: 222

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

5.2   Short Answer Questions

 

1) Enlargement of the heart is known as ________.

Answer:  cardiomegaly

Page Ref: 218

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

2) The ________ arteries supply blood to the myocardium.

Answer:  coronary

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

3) Complete absence of a heartbeat is called ________ or cardiac arrest.

Answer:  asystole

Page Ref: 223

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

4) A ________ monitor is a type of portable device used to assess heart rate and rhythm on a 24-hour basis as an outpatient.

Answer:  Holter

Page Ref: 232

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

 

5) In coronary artery bypass grafting, the ________ vein from the leg is harvested to be used as a bypass graft.

Answer:  saphenous

Page Ref: 238

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

6) The abbreviation ASHD stands for ________ heart disease.

Answer:  arteriosclerotic

Page Ref: 244

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Abbreviations

 

7) The ________ arteries carry blood to the neck, face, head, and brain.

Answer:  carotid

Page Ref: 202

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

8) Structures that control the flow of blood between the atria and the ventricles are called the heart ________.

Answer:  valves

Page Ref: 197

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

9) ________ is the process of listening to heart sounds with a stethoscope.

Answer:  Auscultation

Page Ref: 234

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

10) Bifurcation refers to the area where the ________ aorta splits in two to form the right and left iliac arteries.

Answer:  abdominal

Page Ref: 204

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

 

11) The sinoatrial (SA) node is also known as the ________ of the heart.

Answer:  pacemaker

Page Ref: 206

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

12) A person who has rheumatic heart disease is given a prophylactic antibiotic drug before having any ________ or surgical procedure.

Answer:  dental

Page Ref: 221

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Pharmacology

13) ________ is an arrhythmia in which the heart beats too slowly.

Answer:  Bradycardia

Page Ref: 222

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

14) A ________ contraction is an arrhythmia in which there are one or more extra contractions between systole and diastole.

Answer:  premature

Page Ref: 223

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

15) An area of dilation and weakness in the wall of an artery is called a/an ________.

Answer:  aneurysm

Page Ref: 224

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

16) Rheumatic heart disease is an ________ response to an untreated streptococcal infection, such as a strep throat.

Answer:  autoimmune

Page Ref: 221

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

 

17) The ________ valve is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle.

Answer:  tricuspid

Page Ref: 197

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

18) The ________ valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

Answer:  mitral

Page Ref: 197

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

19) The ________ is the muscular layer of the heart.

Answer:  myocardium

Page Ref: 198

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

20) The thoracic cavity contains the lungs and the ________, an irregularly shaped, central area between the lungs.

Answer:  mediastinum

Page Ref: 199

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

21) The smaller branches of an artery are known as ________.

Answer:  arterioles

Page Ref: 200

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

22) All arteries have smooth muscle in their walls. When this smooth muscle contracts, the lumen of the artery decreases in size. This process is called ________.

Answer:  vasoconstriction

Page Ref: 200

Learning Outcome:  5.2

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Physiology

 

 

23) Myocardial ________ is the medical phrase that means heart attack.

Answer:  infarction

Page Ref: 219

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

24) ________ is the study of the heart and related structures.

Answer:  Cardiology

Page Ref: 195

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

25) Tachycardia is the opposite of ________.

Answer:  bradycardia

Page Ref: 222, 223

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

26) The patient had surgery to remove a weakness in the wall of an artery. This surgery is known as a/an ________.

Answer:  aneurysmectomy

Page Ref: 237

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

27) The combining form auscult/o– means “________.”

Answer:  listening

Page Ref: 234

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

28) The combining form cardi/o– means “________.”

Answer:  heart

Page Ref: 195

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

 

29) The combining form diastol/o– means “________.”

Answer:  dilating

Page Ref: 207

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

30) The combining form lipid/o- means “________; lipid.”

Answer:  fat

Page Ref: 226

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

31) The combining form my/o– means “________.”

Answer:  muscle

Page Ref: 198

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

32) The combining form phleb/o- means “________.”

Answer:  vein

Page Ref: 211

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

33) The combining form rrhythm/o- means “________.”

Answer:  rhythm

Page Ref: 222

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

34) The combining form sphygm/o– means “________.”

Answer:  pulse

Page Ref: 237

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

 

35) The combining form steth/o- means “________.”

Answer:  chest

Page Ref: 234

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

36) The combining form systol/o– means “________.”

Answer:  contracting

Page Ref: 237

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

37) The combining form valv/o- means “________.”

Answer:  valve

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

38) The combining form vascul/o– means ________.

Answer:  blood vessel

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

39) The ________ valve is located between the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk.

Answer:  pulmonary

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

40) A cardiac exercise stress test is also known as a/an ________ exercise stress test because the patient walks on a motorized moving walkway.

Answer:  treadmill

Page Ref: 230

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

41) The myocardium is thickest around the ________ ventricle because it must work the hardest to pump blood to the entire body.

Answer:  left

Page Ref: 199

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

42) The word ________ refers to the blood vessels associated with a particular organ.

Answer:  vasculature

Page Ref: 211

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

43) ________ are the smallest blood vessels in the body.

Answer:  Capillaries

Page Ref: 201

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

44) The ________ is the largest artery in the body. It receives blood from the left ventricle of the heart.

Answer:  aorta

Page Ref: 202

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

45) In the pelvic cavity, the abdominal aorta ends as it splits in two (bifurcation) to form the right and left ________ arteries.

Answer:  iliac

Page Ref: 204

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

46) Near the knee joint, the femoral artery becomes the ________ artery.

Answer:  popliteal

Page Ref: 204

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

47) The ________ circulation includes the arteries, capillaries, and veins everywhere in the body, except the lungs.

Answer:  systemic

Page Ref: 212

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

48) An infarcted area of the myocardium has dead tissue, which is called ________.

Answer:  necrosis

Page Ref: 219

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

49) The prefix dys- has three meanings; but in the word dysrhythmia, the most accurate meaning of dys- is ________.

Answer:  abnormal

Page Ref: 222

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

50) A patient who has a period of bradycardia has a condition of a ________ heartbeat.

Answer:  slow

Page Ref: 222

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

51) A patient with tachycardia has a condition of a ________ heartbeat.

Answer:  fast

Page Ref: 223

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

52) A ________ is a harsh, rushing sound made by blood passing through an artery narrowed and roughened by atherosclerosis.

Answer:  bruit

Page Ref: 226

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

 

53) In the medical word sphygmomanometer, the combining form man/o– means “frenzy; ________.”

Answer:  thin

Page Ref: 237

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

54) In a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, the catheter is inserted percutaneously, which means it is inserted through the ________.

Answer:  skin. Cutane/o– means “skin.”

Page Ref: 239

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

55) A patient undergoing a valvuloplasty is having surgery to reshape a heart ________.

Answer:  valve

Page Ref: 240

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

56) An antiarrhythmic drug is prescribed to treat patients who have an ________ of the heart.

Answer:  arrhythmia

Page Ref: 241

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Pharmacology

 

57) The adjective form for heart is ________.

Answer:  cardiac

Page Ref: 196

Learning Outcome:  5.4

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Plurals and Adjectives

 

58) The combining forms valv/o– and valvul/o– both mean “________.”

Answer:  valve

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

 

59) The combining forms phleb/o– and ven/o– both mean “________.”

Answer:  vein

Page Ref: 211

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

60) The medical language definition of the word ________ is a “picture or record (of a) blood vessel.”

Answer:  angiogram

Page Ref: 232

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

61) The medical language definition of the word ________ is an “instrument used to examine (the) chest.”

Answer:  stethoscope

Page Ref: 234

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

62) Most arteries lie deep beneath the skin, but a few lie near the surface and, each time the heart contracts, their walls bulge, and this can be felt as a ________.

Answer:  pulse

Page Ref: 200

Learning Outcome:  5.2

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Physiology

 

63) The connecting structure between an artery and a vein is a ________.

Answer:  capillary

Page Ref: 201

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

64) A small vein is known as a ________.

Answer:  venule

Page Ref: 201

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

5.3   True/False Questions

 

1) The cause of the most common type of hypertension, essential hypertension, is unknown.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 227

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

2) The atrioventricular node, or pacemaker, initiates the electrical impulse that begins each heartbeat.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  The sinoatrial (SA) node initiates each heartbeat.

Page Ref: 207

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

3) In a blood pressure reading, the systolic pressure, the upper number, represents the force of contraction of the ventricles.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 237

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

4) When a patient feels the uncomfortable sensation of a premature contraction, often described as a “thump,” this condition is called a palpation.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  These are palpitations. Palpation is using the fingers to feel or palpate the body.

Page Ref: 223

Learning Outcome:  5.8

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Research Words

 

5) Paroxysmal, as in the phrase paroxysmal tachycardia, refers to an episode that occurs suddenly and then goes away without treatment.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 223

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

 

6) Beta blocker drugs, calcium channel blocker drugs, and ACE inhibitor drugs are three categories of drugs that are used to treat hypertension.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 241

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Pharmacology

 

7) AMI stands for apical maximum impulse.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  It stands for acute myocardial infarction.

Page Ref: 244

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Abbreviations

 

8) A MUGA scan is a nuclear medicine test that evaluates the ejection fraction and overall heart function.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 234

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

9) A heart murmur is a normal sound that the heart makes when it is contracting.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  A heart murmur is an abnormal sound that the heart makes as blood leaks past a defective heart valve.

Page Ref: 221

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

10) In a patient with mitral valve prolapse, blood flows backward into the left atrium. This is known as regurgitation.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 220

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

11) Bradycardia, tachycardia, heart block, and flutter are all considered cardiac arrhythmias.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 222

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

12) When a patient is examined, their blood pressure is found to be 166/100. It can be said that he is hypotensive.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  Because the blood pressure is higher than normal, the patient is hypertensive, not hypotensive.

Page Ref: 227

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

13) An elevated blood cholesterol level is specifically known as hyperlipidemia.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  Hyperlipidema is a general category that includes both an elevated cholesterol level in the blood (hypercholesterolemia) and an elevated triglyceride level (hypertriglyceridemia).

Page Ref: 226

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

14) Cardiac enzymes are released into the blood when myocardial cells die.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 229

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

15) A cardiac catheterization can only be done to diagnose a problem with the left side of the heart.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  A cardiac catheterization can be done to diagnose a problem with either the left side or the right side of the heart.

Page Ref: 229

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

16) During angiography, a radiopaque dye is injected into a blood vessel to fill and outline it.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 232

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

 

17) Sclerotherapy is a medical procedure in which a drug is injected into a varicose vein.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 235

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

18) Antihypertensive drugs are used to treat low blood pressure.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  Antihypertensive drugs are used to treat high blood pressure.

Page Ref: 241

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Pharmacology

 

19) The membrane that is U-shaped and surrounds the heart to create a sac is known as the bundle of His.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  The pericardium creates the pericardial sac. The bundle of His is part of the electrical conduction system of the heart.

Page Ref: 199

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

20) All arteries carry blood that contains a high level of oxygen.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  The pulmonary arteries carry blood that has a low level of oxygen.

Page Ref: 211

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

21) The largest artery in the body is the pulmonary artery.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  The largest artery in the body is the aorta.

Page Ref: 202

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

22) A Holter monitor is used to check the patient’s heart rate as an outpatient for 24 hours.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 232

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

23) A prolapse of a heart valve occurs when it becomes thickened and hardened.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  A prolapse occurs when the valve leaflets do not close tightly.

Page Ref: 220

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

24) During angina pectoris, there is severe chest pain that means that a myocardial infarction has occurred.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  During angina pectoris, there is ischemia of the myocardium, but it is a warning sign of an impending myocardial infarction.

Page Ref: 218

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

25) Auscultation is using a stethoscope to listen to heart sounds.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 234

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

26) The combining form aneurysm/o– means “enlargement.”

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  Aneurysm/o– means “aneurysm; dilation.” The suffix –megaly means “enlargement.”

Page Ref: 237

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

27) The combining form angi/o- means “blood vessel; lymphatic vessel.”

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

 

28) The combining form ather/o– means “hard.”

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  The combining form ather/o- means “soft, fatty substance.”

Page Ref: 225

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

29) The combining form lipid/o– means “fat; lipid.”

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 226

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

30) The combining form sphygm/o– means “pulse.”

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 237

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

31) The combining form steth/o– means “listening.”

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  The combining form steth/o– means “chest.”

Page Ref: 234

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

32) The combining form vascul/o– means “blood vessel; lymphatic vessel.”

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  The combining form vascul/o- means “blood vessel.”

Page Ref: 196

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

33) The cardiovascular system is a continuous, circular body system that includes the heart and blood vessels.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 196

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

34) There are three kinds of blood vessels: arteries, capillaries, and veins.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 200

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

35) The heart is a muscular organ that contracts at least once every second to pump blood throughout the body.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 196

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

36) The heart has an extensive electrical system that initiates and coordinates its contractions.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 196

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

37) The heart contains four chambers; the upper two are called the “ventricles.”

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  The upper two are the right and left atria.

Page Ref: 196

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

38) The myocardium is a center wall that divides the heart into right and left sides.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  The septum is the center dividing wall.

Page Ref: 196

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

39) The tricuspid valve and mitral valve have chordae tendineae attached to their valve leaflets.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 198

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

 

40) The myocardium is thickest around the right atrium because it must work the hardest to pump blood to the entire body.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  The myocardium is thickest at the left ventricle.

Page Ref: 199

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

41) The word vasculature refers to the network of blood vessels associated with a particular organ.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 200

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

42) The carotid arteries bring oxygenated blood to the neck, face, head, and brain.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 202

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

43) The systemic circulation includes the arteries, capillaries, and veins everywhere in the body, EXCEPT the lungs.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 205

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

44) The resting period between contractions of the heart is known as systole.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  Systole is a contraction. Diastole is the resting period.

Page Ref: 207

Learning Outcome:  5.2

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Physiology

 

45) In the medical word depolarization, the combining form polar/o– means “negative state; positive state.”

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 212

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

46) When the heart is in diastole, the heart chambers are contracting.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  Diastole is the resting period between contractions.

Page Ref: 212

Learning Outcome:  5.2

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Physiology

 

47) The part of the pericardium that is next to the wall of a cavity is called the visceral pericardium or the epicardium.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  The visceral pericardium or epicardium is the part next to the surface of the heart.

Page Ref: 210

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

48) In a patient suffering from pericarditis, the inflammation occurs inside the heart chambers.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  It occurs in the pericardial sac that is around the heart. Peri– means “around.”

Page Ref: 221

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

49) Allen Jeffers has just been diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia. He will be prescribed a “statin” drug to treat this condition.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 243

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Pharmacology

50) A patient that has phlebitis, by definition, has an inflammation of the blood vessels.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  Phleb/o- means “vein,” not “blood vessel.”

Page Ref: 228

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

 

51) Because of the meaning of the suffix –ase, we know that the creatine phosphokinase lab test is measuring the level of a particular enzyme.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 229

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

52) In the word sphygmomanometer, the combining form man/o– refers to the thin, inflatable cuff used to measure blood pressure.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 237

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Word Parts

 

53) The definition of coronary angioplasty is the “process of reshaping by surgery of a blood vessel.”

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 239

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

54) By dividing the word valvulotome into its word parts, we can see that it means “an instrument used to cut a valve.”

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 240

Learning Outcome:  5.6

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Word Building and Dividing

 

55) Laramie Johnson has been taking a drug to lower her cholesterol level. When her most recent lab test results come back, she is hoping to see a high level of HDL.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 226

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

56) To destroy an ectopic area in the heart that is producing an arrhythmia, the patient underwent an RFA procedure, which stands for radiofrequency ablation.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 240

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Abbreviations

57) An antiarrhythmic drug is prescribed for patients with heart rhythm problems.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 241

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Pharmacology

 

58) The endothelium that lines the inside of a blood vessel is also known as the intima.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 200

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

59) The pointed leaflet edges of a valve are also known as chordae tendineae.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  The pointed leaflets are also known as cusps. Chordae tendineae are ropelike strands that support the valve leaflets.

Page Ref: 209

Learning Outcome:  5.1

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Anatomy

 

60) A heart attack is also known as a myocardial infarction.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 219

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

61) The words arrhythmia and dysrhythmia are both spelled correctly.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 222

Learning Outcome:  5.7

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Spelling and Pronouncing

 

62) The words aneurism and aneurismal are both spelled correctly.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  The correct spellings are aneurysm and aneurysmal.

Page Ref: 224

Learning Outcome:  5.7

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Spelling and Pronouncing

 

 

63) Vena cava is a Latin singular noun, and its plural is venae cavae.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 204

Learning Outcome:  5.4

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Plurals and Adjectives

64) The primary accented syllable in the word ventricular (ven-trih-kyoo-lar) is KYOO.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  The primary accented syllable is TRIH.

Page Ref: 207

Learning Outcome:  5.7

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Spelling and Pronouncing

 

65) The primary accented syllable in the word anastomosis (ah-nas-toh-moh-sis) is NAS.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  The primary accented syllable is MOH.

Page Ref: 238

Learning Outcome:  5.7

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Spelling and Pronouncing

 

66) A silent MI is a heart attack that is associated with no symptoms.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 219

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

67) An electrophysiologic study is used to map the heart’s conduction system in a patient with an arrhythmia.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 231

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diagnostic Procedures

 

68) During a heart transplantation, the patient can receive a donor heart from a person who died or an artificial heart made of synthetic materials.

Answer:  TRUE

Page Ref: 238

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

 

69) During valve replacement surgery, a patient can receive a replacement heart valve that comes from an animal; this is known as a stent.

Answer:  FALSE

Explanation:  A stent is used to open the lumen of an artery. A replacement valve from an animal is a xenograft.

Page Ref: 240

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

5.4   Essay Questions

 

1) Explain what ventricular fibrillation is and why it is life-threatening.

Answer:  Ventricular fibrillation is a very fast, uncoordinated quivering of the myocardium. The heart is unable to pump blood. This arrhythmia can progress to cardiac arrest.

Page Ref: 222

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Diseases

 

2) How is blood flow through a coronary artery improved by doing a balloon angioplasty?

Answer:  A catheter with a balloon attached to it is inserted into a coronary artery that is blocked with plaque. The balloon is inflated and the plaque is compressed and this widens the lumen. The balloon is then deflated and the catheter is removed.

Page Ref: 239

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

3) How does aspirin help heart patients?

Answer:  Aspirin helps prevent heart attacks. It helps prevent blood clots from forming by keeping platelets from sticking together.

Page Ref: 241

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Pharmacology

 

4) How do calcium channel blocker drugs work and what are they used to treat?

Answer:  Calcium channel blockers block the movement of calcium ions into myocardial cells and smooth muscle cells of the artery walls, causing the heart rate and blood pressure to decrease. They are used to treat angina pectoris and hypertension.

Page Ref: 241

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Pharmacology

 

 

5) Trace the blood as it moves from the right ventricle through the pulmonary circulation, and back to the heart.

Answer:  Blood travels through the pulmonary valve, pulmonary arteries, and arterioles, to the capillaries in the lungs. In a capillary beside an alveolus, the blood releases carbon dioxide, picks up oxygen, and becomes bright red. The blood then travels through the pulmonary veins to the left atrium of the heart.

Page Ref: 206

Learning Outcome:  5.2

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Anatomy

6) Describe the parts of the conduction system of the heart.

Answer:  The conduction system of the heart starts with the sinoatrial node (SA), which initiates the electrical impulse to begin each heartbeat. Then electrical impulse travels to the atrioventricular node (AV), to the bundle of His, and then down the right and left bundle branches in the interventricular septum. At the apex of the heart, the right and left bundles separate, and the electrical impulse spreads across the ventricles in a network of nerves called the Purkinje fibers.

Page Ref: 206—207

Learning Outcome:  5.2

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Physiology

 

7) What is angina pectoris and what are its symptoms?

Answer:  Angina pectoris is mild-to-severe chest pain caused by ischemia of the myocardium. It can include a crushing, squeezing, heaviness, or pressure-like sensation in the chest with pain extending up into the jaw, teeth, neck, or down the left arm, often with extreme sweating and a sense of doom.

Page Ref: 218

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Diseases

 

8) The words angioplasty and valvuloplasty both end in the suffix –plasty. How are these two surgical procedures alike and how are they different?

Answer:  The suffix in both words is –plasty, which means “process of reshaping by surgery.” Both angioplasty and valvuloplasty involve a process of reshaping by surgery. The difference is that an angioplasty reshapes a blood vessel and vavuloplasty reshapes a valve.

Page Ref: 239, 240

Learning Outcome:  5.5

LOD:  Comprehension

Question Type:  Medical and Surgical Procedures

 

 

9) What is the difference between the action of an anticoagulant drug and a thrombolytic drug?

Answer:  An anticoagulant drug is used to prevent a clot from forming in patients with arteriosclerosis, atrial fibrillation, previous myocardial infarction, or an artificial heart valve. A thrombolytic drug is used to break apart a blood clot after it has formed.

Page Ref: 241, 243

Learning Outcome:  5.3

LOD:  Knowledge

Question Type:  Pharmacology