Nutrition Through the Life Cycle 6th Edition By Judith E. Brown - Test Bank Instant Download - Complete Test Bank With Answers Sample Questions Are Posted Below True / False 1. The effects of gestational hypertension on the course and outcome of pregnancy are often benign. a. True b. …
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Nutrition Through the Life Cycle 6th Edition By Judith E. Brown – Test Bank
Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
| True / False |
1. The effects of gestational hypertension on the course and outcome of pregnancy are often benign.
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2. The risk for developing preeclampsia is higher in women who were born large for gestational age.
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3. Children born to calcium-supplemented women have been found to have lower blood pressure than children whose mothers were not supplemented.
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4. Routine salt restriction is advised to lower the risk of preeclampsia.
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5. Signs, symptoms, severity, and causes of preeclampsia vary from woman to woman.
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6. Gestational diabetes appears to be caused by a woman’s intake of sugar.
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7. Research indicates that 75% of women with gestational diabetes in a previous pregnancy will develop it in a subsequent pregnancy.
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8. Because of higher needs, women with multifetal pregnancies should take nutrient supplements exceeding the Tolerable Upper Intake Levels.
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9. Twins at the highest risk of death and malformations have separate amniotic sacs but share the same placenta.
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10. Rates of dizygotic twins vary among racial groups and by country.
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| Multiple Choice |
11. An unfavorable metabolic change associated with excessive body fat is _____.
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12. Obesity increases the risk of _____.
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13. Women who enter pregnancy obese are more likely to gain _____ during pregnancy compared with normal weight women.
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14. Weight loss by obese women during pregnancy _____.
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15. Dumping syndrome is a condition characterized by the abnormally rapid emptying of the stomach and is seen in women who _____.
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16. Hypertension is defined as having a blood pressure of ≥ _____ mm Hg systolic or ≥ _____ mm Hg diastolic blood pressure.
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17. A worldwide leading cause of maternal mortality is _____.
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18. The urinary excretion of ≥ 0.3 g of protein in a 24-hour urine specimen defines _____.
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19. Which symptom is least likely to be associated with preeclampsia-eclampsia?
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20. Organs most affected by small blood clots and reduced blood flow due to preeclampsia include the _____.
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21. Ideally, when should dietary intervention for preeclampsia begin?
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22. Which nutritional or physical activity recommendation is least likely to benefit women at risk for preeclampsia?
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23. Which nutrients appear to reduce or prevent preeclampsia?
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24. Diets characterized by a high intake of _____ have been linked to a decreased risk of preeclampsia.
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25. How many minutes of physical activity are recommended daily for women at risk of preeclampsia?
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26. All forms of hypertension in pregnancy are related to _____.
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27. Oxidative stress occurs when cells are exposed to more _____ molecules than _____ molecules.
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28. Chronic hypertension _____.
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29. Chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are decreased by _____.
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30. Insulin resistance and requirement _____ as pregnancy progresses.
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31. The majority (88%) of all cases of diabetes in pregnancy are _____.
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32. Maintenance of normal blood glucose levels during pregnancy requires sufficient insulin production by _____ cells of the _____.
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33. About _____% of women with gestational diabetes will develop type 2 diabetes within 2-5 years.
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34. According to the American Diabetes Association, when should pregnant women without diabetes have their blood glucose tested?
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35. Elevation of ketone levels can occur if calorie intakes are decreased to less than _____.
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36. The mainstay of treatment for gestational diabetes aimed at normalizing blood glucose levels is(are) _____.
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37. Which type of diabetes is potentially the most hazardous to the mother and fetus?
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38. Metformin, the only type of oral medication used to treat gestational diabetes, is useful because it _____.
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39. The primary outcome goal for pregnant women with type 2 diabetes is to _____.
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40. It is common for women with gestational diabetes to consume _____ % of calories from carbohydrates during pregnancy.
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41. Assessment of urinary _____ levels is sometimes used in practice to estimate the adequacy of calories and carbohydrate intake.
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42. With respect to management of type 1 diabetes, an artificial _____ has been developed and may become available for use in the future?
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43. The vanishing twin phenomenon refers to _____.
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44. Which type of multifetal pregnancy is most common?
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45. The majority of twins born are _____.
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46. Monozygotic twins are _____, while dizygotic twins are _____.
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47. The mean birthweight of newborns from a twin pregnancy is _____ grams.
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48. A multifetal pregnancy is least likely to increase the mother’s risk for _____.
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49. Several studies on weight gain and birth weight have shown that a weight gain of approximately _____ pounds corresponds to healthy-sized triplets.
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50. To achieve a 40-pound weight gain, women with twins need to consume approximately _____ more calories during pregnancy than do women with singleton pregnancies.
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51. AIDS may be transmitted from mother to child through _____.
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52. Goals for the nutritional management of women with HIV/AIDS advise against _____.
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53. What eating disorder is most commonly observed among pregnant American women?
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54. The recommended treatment for a pregnant woman with an eating disorder is to _____.
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55. The term used in the healthcare field to discuss pregnant women with eating disorders is _____.
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56. Inadequate food intake in pregnant women with eating disorders is indicated by the presence of _____ in the urine.
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57. The term fetal alcohol spectrum is now being used to describe _____.
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58. Abnormal facial features, such as a flat mid-face, abnormally shaped ears, and the presence of a smooth ridge between nose and lips characterize infants _____.
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59. An estimated 44 percent of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders have _____ system impairments that result in behavioral and intellectual disabilities.
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60. Pregnant adolescents have a higher requirement for _____ than pregnant adults.
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| Mickie is a 37-year-old Hispanic female in her second pregnancy. Her first pregnancy resulted in a healthy baby girl who weighed 9 pounds 3 oz. Her prepregnancy information is as follows: BMI = 28; height = 5’4” tall; and weight = 165 pounds (75 kg). She did not manage to take off all the weight she gained before getting pregnant again and, at 24 weeks, she has gained 20 pounds and currently weighs 185 pounds (84 kg). Diet history reveals an average Calorie intake of 2300 Calories per day. Two hours after her 75-g glucose tolerance test starts, her blood glucose is 155 mg/dL. |
61. Mickie’s BMI indicates that she was _____ going into pregnancy.
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62. Mickie’s glucose tolerance test results indicate that she _____.
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63. What would be the next step for Mickie?
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| Matching |
Matching
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64. Endothelium
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65. Chronic hypertension
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66. Thromboxanes
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67. Gestational hypertension
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68. Preeclampsia
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69. Placenta abruption
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Matching
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70. Gestational diabetes
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71. Dumping syndrome
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Matching
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72. Ketones
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73. Type 1 diabetes
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Matching
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74. Cephalopelvic disproportion
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| Subjective Short Answer |
75. Discuss the primary goals of treatment for gestational diabetes, and the potential adverse outcomes for mother and baby if these goals are not met. What risk factors are associated with developing gestational diabetes?
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76. Discuss the dietary recommendations for women with gestational diabetes. What are the proportions of daily calorie intake assigned to meals and snacks?
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77. Describe visceral fat and its metabolic effects. Explain how high levels of visceral fat can lead to increased disease risk.
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78. Name and describe the four types of hypertensive disorders associated with pregnancy.
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79. Describe two factors with increased chances of multifetal pregnancies.
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80. How can women with HIV/AIDS during pregnancy decrease the risk of developing a foodborne infection?
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