Principles of Information Systems 11th by Ralph Stair -Test Bank

Principles of Information Systems 11th by Ralph Stair -Test Bank

 

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Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Chapter 05: Database Systems, Data Centers, and Business Intelligence

 

TRUE/FALSE

 

1. A database, a database management system, and the application programs that use the data make up a database environment.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1

REF:   Why Learn About Database Systems, Data Centers, and Business Intelligence?

 

2. A database scientist is a skilled and trained IS professional who directs all activities related to an organization’s database, including providing security from intruders.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1

REF:   Why Learn About Database Systems, Data Centers, and Business Intelligence?

 

3. An attribute is a general class of people, places, or things for which data is collected, stored, and maintained.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Management

 

4. A collection of fields about a specific object is a record.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Management

 

5. Today, few organizations use the database approach to data management, where multiple information systems share a pool of related data.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Management

 

6. The specific value of an attribute is called a data entity.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Management

 

7. Due to their size, databases must be stored on mainframe computers or other large, powerful computers.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Management

 

8. Climate control is an important component of modern data centers..

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1

REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

9. Business and technology vendors are working to develop blue data centers that run more efficiently and require less energy for processing and cooling.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1

REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

10. Microsoft built a data center taking up 16 football fields of space filled with 220 shipping containers packed with servers.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1

REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

11. When organizing a database, key considerations include determining what data to collect, who will have access to it, how they might want to use it, and how to monitor database performance.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1

REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

12. A data model is a diagram of data attributes and their relationships.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1

REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

13. The relational model describes data using a standard tabular format; all data elements are placed in three-dimensional tables called relations, which are the logical equivalent of files.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1

REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

14. Oracle is currently the market leader in general purpose databases, with about three-fourths of the multibillion dollar database market.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1

REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

15. In the relational model, each row of a table represents a data entity or row and each column of the table represents an attribute or field.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1

REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

16. Selecting involves combining two or more tables.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1

REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

17. Projecting involves eliminating columns in a table.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1

REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

18. One of the primary advantages of a relational database is that it allows tables to be linked to reduce data redundancy and allow data to be organized more logically.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1

REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

19. The relational database model is by far the most widely used..

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1

REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

20. One of the final steps in installing and using a large database involves “telling” the DBMS the logical and physical structure of the data and the relationships among the data for each user.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

21. The DBMS serves as an interface between an application program and the database.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

22. The Database Administrator is an important non-technical responsible for defining and implementing consistent principles for a variety of data issues, including setting data standards and data definitions that apply across all the databases in an organization.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

23. The DBA must have a clear understanding of the fundamental business of the organization, be proficient in the use of selected database management systems, and stay abreast of emerging technologies and new design approaches.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

24. A data warehouse stores historical data that has been extracted from operational systems, external sources, and, sometimes, even unique sources.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

25. Big data refers to large amounts of unstructured data from sources such as the Internet, photos, videos, audio, social networks, and sensors that is difficult to capture, store, and manipulate using traditional database management systems.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

26. Data query involves the automated discovery of patterns and relationships in a data warehouse.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

27. Predictive analysis is a form of data mining that combines historical data with assumptions about future conditions to predict the outcome of events.

 

ANS:  T                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

28. Counterintelligence turns data into useful information that then is kept closely guarded to avoid this information from falling into the hands of the wrong employees.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

29. Business intelligence is gained through industrial espionage and the gathering of this information often includes illegal or unethical means.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

30. Online Analytical Processing and data mining are essentially the same thing.

 

ANS:  F                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. A database _____.

a.	is accessed primarily for use by the organization’s database administrator and data administrator	c.	is a collection of unstructured data
b.	provides an essential foundation for an organization’s knowledge management and artificial intelligence systems	d.	helps companies reduce costs, increase profits, track past business activities, and open new market opportunities

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1

REF:   Why Learn About Database Systems, Data Centers, and Business Intelligence?

 

2. The smallest piece of data used by a computer is the _____.

a.	entity	c.	bit
b.	byte	d.	character

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Management

 

3. A database is a collection of integrated and related _____.

a.	fields	c.	records
b.	attributes	d.	files

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Management

 

4. A collection of fields all related to a single object, activity, or individual is a(n) _____.

a.	record	c.	attribute
b.	file	d.	character

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Management

 

5. A ________ is s field or set of fields in a record that uniquely defines the record.

a.	attribute	c.	primary key
b.	key	d.	data item

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Management

 

6. A ________ is a climate-controlled building or set of buildings that houses database servers and the systems that deliver mission-critical information and services.

a.	data warehouse	c.	shipping container
b.	data center	d.	data hierarchy

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1

REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

7. A tool that database designers use to show the logical relationships among data is a(n) _____.

a.	data model	c.	relational model
b.	entity-relationship diagram	d.	all of the above

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1

REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

8. Basic data manipulations include _____ which involves eliminating rows in a relational database.

a.	selecting	c.	projecting
b.	joining	d.	linking

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1

REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

9. As long as the tables in a relational database share one common _____, the tables can be linked to provide useful information and reports.

a.	primary key	c.	characteristic
b.	file	d.	attribute

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1

REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

10. The _____ is a description that involves “telling” the DBMS the logical and physical structure of the data and the relationships among the data for each user.

a.	entity relationship diagram	c.	schema
b.	data model	d.	data manipulation language

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

11. A(n) _____ is a simple database program whose records have no relationship to one another.

a.	flat file	c.	relational system
b.	schema	d.	user view

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

12. _____ is a standardized data manipulation language developed in the 1970s that allows programmers to use one powerful language and use it on a variety of systems.

a.	Query by example	c.	SQL
b.	Access	d.	DML

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

13. ______ is a collection of instructions and commands used to define and describe data and relationships in a specific database.

a.	user view	c.	data definition language
b.	schema	d.	data manipulation language

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

14. The _____ position is a non-technical position responsible for defining and implementing consistent principles for setting data standards and data definitions that apply across all the databases in an organization.

a.	data analyst	c.	database administrator
b.	data administrator	d.	data owner

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

15. With _____, the database is stored on a service provider’s server and accessed by the client over a network, typically the Internet.

a.	Internet access	c.	Software as a Service
b.	Database as a Service	d.	Oracle

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

16. Some databases use ______, which is a visual approach to developing queries and requests.

a.	Query by Example (QBE)	c.	structured query language (SQL)
b.	user views	d.	data manipulation language

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

17. Data warehouses allow managers to _____ to get increasing levels of detail about business conditions.

a.	roll up	c.	slice and dice
b.	drill down	d.	extract data

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

18. _____ represents huge amounts of unstructured data that is difficult to capture, store, and manipulate using traditional database management systems.

a.	Data warehouse	c.	Big data
b.	Datamart	d.	Knowledge base

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

19. A(n) _____ contains a subset of data for a single aspect of a company’s business and are used by smaller groups who want to access detailed data for business analysis.

a.	OLTP database	c.	data mart
b.	data warehouse	d.	data mine

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

20. _____ is an information-analysis tool that involves the automated discovery of patterns and relationships in a data warehouse.

a.	Data mining	c.	Competitive intelligence
b.	DBMS	d.	Data loss prevention

 

 

ANS:  A                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

21. _____ combines historical data with assumptions about future conditions to predict the outcomes of events.

a.	Business intelligence	c.	Online analytical processing
b.	Data mining	d.	Predictive analysis

 

 

ANS:  D                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

22. _____ describes the steps an organization takes to protect information sought by “hostile” intelligence gathers.

a.	Data loss prevention	c.	Counterintelligence
b.	Trade secret	d.	Competitive intelligence

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

23. Developing a seamless integration of databases with the Internet is something called a(n) ______.

a.	Web page	c.	semantic Web
b.	social network	d.	business intelligence

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

24. ______ is a form of database processing that supports top-down, query-driven data analysis.

a.	Distributed databases	c.	Data warehousing
b.	Online analytical processing (OLAP)	d.	Data mining

 

 

ANS:  B                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

25. A form of database that holds a duplicate set of frequently used data and that helps reduce telecommunications costs.

a.	Relational	c.	Replicated
b.	Distributed	d.	Virtual

 

 

ANS:  C                    PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

COMPLETION

 

1. Without a well-designed, accurate ______, executives, managers, and others do not have access to the information they need to make good decisions.

 

ANS:  database

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

2. A ______ consists of a group of programs that manipulate the database and provide an interface between the database and its users and other application programs.

 

ANS:  database management system

 

PTS:   1

REF:   Why Learn About Database Systems, Data Centers, and Business Intelligence?

 

3. Together, bits, characteristics, fields, records, files, and databases form the ______.

 

ANS:  hierarchy of data

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Management

 

4. A collection of related records is called a(n) _____.

 

ANS:  file

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Management

 

5. A(n) _____ is a field or set of fields that uniquely identifies a record.

 

ANS:  primary key

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Management

 

6. Traditional data centers consist of warehouses filled with row upon row of ______ racks and powerful cooling systems to compensate for the heat generated by the processors.

 

ANS:  server

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

7. As data centers continue to expand in terms of the quantity of data that they store and process, their ______ demands are increasing.

 

ANS:  energy

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

8. When creating backup databases, some companies use software to eliminate any duplicated data to save storage capacity and reduce costs, an approach some call data ______ .

 

ANS:  de-duplication

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

9. ______ use basic graphical symbols to show the organization of and relationships between data.

 

ANS:  Entity-relationship diagrams

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

10. The _____ data model has become the most popular database model.

 

ANS:  relational

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

11. In the relational data model, each row of a table represents a(n) _____.

 

ANS:  data entity or record

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

12. The allowable values for an attribute is called its _____.

 

ANS:  domain

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

13. _____ involves eliminating columns in a table.

 

ANS:  Projecting

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

14. The purpose of _____ is to develop data that is accurate, complete, economical, flexible, reliable, relevant, simple, timely, verifiable, accessible, and secure.

 

ANS:  data cleanup

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

15. A description that tells the DBMS the logical and physical structure of the data and the relationships among the data for each user is called a(n) _____.

 

ANS:  schema

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

16. The _____ is a collection of instructions and commands used to describe the logical and physical structure of the data and the relationships among the data for each user.

 

ANS:  data definition language

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

17. The data _____ is a detailed description of all data used in the database.

 

ANS:  dictionary

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

18. _____ control can be used to avoid potential problems when two or more users attempt to access the same record at the same time.

 

ANS:  Concurrency

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

19. The commands that are used to manipulate the database are part of the _____ language.

 

ANS:  data manipulation

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

20. _____ lets programmers learn one powerful query language and use it on systems ranging from PCs to the largest mainframe computers.

 

ANS:  SQL

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

21. A(n) ______ is an individual who is expected to have a clear understanding of the fundamental business of the organization, be proficient in the use of selected database management systems, and stay abreast of emerging technologies and new design approaches.

 

ANS:  database administrator

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

22. A(n) ______ is an individual responsible for defining and implementing consistent principles for a variety of data issues.

 

ANS:  data administrator

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

23. Developing a seamless integration of databases with the Internet is sometimes called a _____.

 

ANS:  semantic Web

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

24. ______ uses virtual servers and operating systems, to allow two or more database systems, including servers and database management systems, to act like a single unified database system.

 

ANS:  Database virtualization

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Management Systems

 

25. _____ is a form of data mining that combines historical data with assumptions about future conditions to predict outcomes of events.

 

ANS:  Predictive analysis

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

ESSAY

 

1. Briefly describe the hierarchy of data.

 

ANS:

Together bits, characters, fields, records, files, and databases form the hierarchy of data.  A bit is the smallest piece of data used by a computer and represents a zero or one.  Bits can be organized into units called bytes, typically eight bits.  Each byte represents a character.  Characters are put together to form a field, a combination of characters that describes an aspect of a business object.  A collection of data fields all related to one object, activity, or individual is called a record.  A collection of related records is called a file. At the highest level in the data hierarchy is a database, a collection of integrated and related files.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Management

 

2. Differentiate between the traditional and database approach to data management.

 

ANS:

At one time, information systems referenced specific files containing relevant data.  Each distinct operational system used data files dedicated to that system.  For example, the payroll system used the payroll file and it was the only system to use that file.  Today, most organizations use the database approach to data management, where multiple information systems share a pool of related data.  For example, the Human Resources database contains lots of data about employees and it is accessed for use by many different functions including payroll, personnel, training, etc.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Management

 

3. Briefly describe the relational data model.

 

ANS:

The relational data model describes data using a standard tabular format; all data elements are placed in two-dimensional tables called relations, which are the logical equivalent of files.  The tables in relational databases organize data in rows and columns, simplifying data access and manipulation.  In the relational model, each row of a table represents a data entity or record.  Each column represents an attribute or field.  After entering data into a relational database, users can make inquiries and analyze data through use of the selection, projection, and joining functions.  Selection involves removing rows according to certain criteria.  Projection involves eliminating columns in a table.  Joining involves combining two or more tables.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Data Centers, Data Modeling, and Database Characteristics

 

4. Define the term data mining and identify its objectives.

 

ANS:

Data mining is an information analysis tool that involves the automated discovery of patterns and relationships in a data warehouse.  It sifts through mountains of data to find a few nuggets of valuable information.  Its objective is to extract patterns, trends, and rules from data warehouses to evaluate proposed business strategies, which will improve competitiveness, increase profits, and transform business processes.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications

 

5. What is meant by big data applications?  Provide two examples of big data applications.

 

ANS:

Organizations are collecting huge amounts of unstructured data from the Internet, photos, video, audio, social networks, and sensors.  This is called big data-large amounts of unstructured data that is difficult or impossible to capture, store, and manipulate using traditional database management systems.    It can even determine the price a customer is willing to pay for a product or service.

 

These large amounts of unstructured data can provide valuable information and insights to help organizations achieve their goals.  Big data, for example, can reveal the customers that are most likely to purchase products and services from a business.  It can identify where and when specific customers shop.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Database Applications