Society The Basics 14th Edition Macionis - Test Bank Instant Download - Complete Test Bank With Answers Sample Questions Are Posted Below In this revision of the test bank, I have updated all of the questions to reflect changes in Society: The Basics, 14th edition. In this revision, the questions are …
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Society The Basics 14th Edition Macionis – Test Bank
Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
In this revision of the test bank, I have updated all of the questions to reflect changes in Society: The Basics, 14th edition. In this revision, the questions are tagged according to six levels of learning that move from lower-level to higher-level cognitive reasoning. The six levels are:
REMEMBER: a question involving recall of key terms or factual material
UNDERSTAND: a question testing comprehension of more complex ideas
APPLY: a question applying sociological knowledge to some new situation
ANALYZE: a question requiring identifying elements of an argument and their interrelationship
The 118 questions in this chapter’s test bank are divided into four types of questions. True/False questions are the least demanding. As the table below shows, all of these questions fall within the three lowest levels of cognitive reasoning (“Remember,” “Understand,” and “Apply”). Multiple-choice questions also fall within the lowest levels of cognitive reasoning. Short answer questions also span a broader range of skills (from “Understand” to “Evaluate”). Finally, essay questions are the most demanding, falling within the four highest levels of cognitive reasoning (“Apply,” “Analyze,” “Evaluate,” and “Create”).
Types of Questions
East to Difficult Level of Difficulty
| True/False | Mult Choice | Short Answer | Essay | Total Qs | |
| Remember | 28 (74%) | 44 (68%) | 0 | 0 | 72 |
| Understand | 8 (21%) | 8 (12%) | 3 (43%) | 0 | 19 |
| Apply | 2 (5%) | 13 (20%) | 1 (14%) | 1 (12.5%) | 17 |
| Analyze | 0 | 0 | 3 (43%) | 7 (87.5%) | 10 |
| 38 | 65 | 7 | 8 | 118 |
CHAPTER 5: GROUPS AND ORGANIZATIONS
TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS
TB_Q5.1.1
People riding together on a subway are correctly called a social group.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q5.1.2
In addition to keeping their individuality, members of a social group also think of themselves as a special “we.”
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.3
The sociologist who explored the primary group was Charles Horton Cooley.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.4
The boundary that distinguishes members from nonmembers is clearer in secondary groups than in primary groups.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.1.5
Generally, people in secondary relationships think of others as being a means to some end.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.6
In general, people in secondary groups are more likely than people in primary groups to “keep score” in terms of who owes what to whom.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.7
Expressive leaders are more likely than instrumental leaders to enjoy more personal affection from group members.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.8
Expressive leadership emphasizes the completion of tasks.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.9
The leadership style that allows group members the most autonomy is “laissez-faire.”
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.10
Asch’s experiment in group conformity showed that most people would not compromise their personal judgment in order to avoid being seen as different.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.11
Milgram’s experiment showed that people are easily influenced by both “ordinary people” and legitimate authority figures.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.12
Irving Janis demonstrated how discussion always improves decision making in a social group.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.13
“Groupthink” is a form of social conformity among members of groups.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.1.14
Reference groups can be primary groups, but they can never be secondary groups.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.15
In the process of anticipatory socialization, people use social groups they wish to join as reference groups.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.16
One person’s in-group can be another person’s out-group.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.1.17
As the number of members in a group goes up, the number of possible relationships that connect these members goes up much more quickly.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.18
The number of people in a group has no effect on how the members interact with one another.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.19
Georg Simmel referred to a group of three as a dyad.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.20
As groups grow larger, they become less stable.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.21
As groups increase in size, interaction between members becomes more intense and personal.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.22
A social network is really a web of weak social ties.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.23
Typically, the people with the largest social networks are young, well educated, and live in big cities.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.24
Social media such as Facebook and Instagram help people create large social networks.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.25
The development of social media has resulted in social networks becoming smaller.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.2.26
Formal organizations are designed to meet the personal needs of the participants.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.2.27
A psychiatric hospital can be a coercive organization for a patient, a utilitarian organization for a psychiatrist, and a normative organization for a part-time volunteer.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q5.2.28
Bureaucracy places more importance on personal ties than on technical competence.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.2.29
Max Weber believed the spread of bureaucracy would greatly improve the quality of life for modern people.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.2.30
Oligarchy refers to the rule of the many by the few.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.3.31
Scientific management was an effort to give workers more power over production.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.3.32
Rosabeth Moss Kanter’s research shows making promotion and financial advancement widely available actually discourages people from working harder.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.3.33
Compared to U.S. organizations, many formal organizations in Japan have had more of the qualities that define primary groups.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.3.34
Today’s business organizations make greater use of competitive work teams.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.3.35
In today’s information age, more and more competitive organizations have a very hierarchical, pyramid shape.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.3.36
Frederick Taylor, the creator of “scientific management,” argued in favor of a flatter organizational shape with more organizational flexibility.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.3.37
The “McDonaldization” of society thesis echoes Weber’s belief that rational systems are efficient, but also dehumanizing.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.4.38
As large organizations have expanded in the United States, privacy has increased.
Answer: False
Learning ObjectiveLO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
TB_Q5.1.39
The success story of the McDonald’s organization explains _________
Answer: d
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.40
What do sociologists call two or more people who identify and interact with one another?
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.41
Which of the following sociological concepts refers to all people with a common status, such as “college student”?
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.42
A temporary, loosely formed collection of people who may or may not interact is a _________
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.43
Imagine you are watching several dozen passengers sitting in an airport gate area waiting to board a plane. These people are an example of a _________
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q5.1.44
Charles Cooley referred to a small social group whose members share personal and enduring relationships as _________
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.45
Why did Cooley refer to certain groups as “primary groups”?
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.1.46
Which of the following is every society’s most important primary group?
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.47
Assume you are one of many people assembled at a university graduation ceremony. The concept that best describes this gathering is a _________
Answer: d
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q5.1.48
A secondary group is a social group that _________
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.49
One characteristic of secondary groups is _________
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.50
An example of a primary group is _________
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q5.1.51
An example of a secondary group is _________
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q5.1.52
In general, we see a(n) _______ as a means to an end; we see a(n) _____ as an end in itself.
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.1.53
What is the term for group leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks?
Answer: d
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.54
_________refers to group leadership that emphasizes collective well-being.
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.55
You are part of a task force with a group leader who has a distant relationship with the group members and who is concerned with getting the job done. Which type of leader does your task force have?
Answer: d
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q5.1.56
In your group, the leader is skilled at using humor to reduce tension and lighten serious moments. Which type of leader does your group have?
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q5.1.57
Which type of leadership style takes charge of making decisions and makes sure people do what they are told?
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.58
Which type of leader encourages everyone in a group to have a say in what happens?
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.59
Which type of leaders downplay their own power, letting group members function more or less on their own?
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.60
Solomon Asch’s research, in which subjects were asked to match lines, showed that ________
Answer: d
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.61
According to the findings of Solomon Asch, ________
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.62
Stanley Milgram’s research, in which subjects used a “shock generator,” showed ________
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.63
The process called “groupthink” refers to ________
Answer: d
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q5.1.64
What is the sociological concept coined by Irving Janis for a limited understanding of some issue resulting from group conformity?
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.65
During the process of groupthink ________
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q5.1.66
A social group that people use as a point of reference in making evaluations or decisions is called a ________
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.67
Samuel Stouffer’s study of soldier morale during World War II led to what conclusion?
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.68
Which type of social group commands a member’s esteem and loyalty?
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.69
A social group toward which a person feels competition or opposition is ________
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.70
A social group with only two members is called a ________
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.71
Simmel described the dyad as ________
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.72
A “triad” is ________
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.73
If you want your social group to be open to any and all people as new members, you would encourage a ________
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q5.1.74
Which sociological concept refers to a number of weak social ties among people who have little common identity and little interaction?
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.75
Social networks are typically ________
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.1.76
The concept “social media” refers to ________
Answer: d
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.77
The development of social media means that ________
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.1.78
Formal organizations are ________
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.2.79
Which type of formal organization is sometimes called a “voluntary association”?
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.2.80
A prisoner would consider a maximum-security prison ________
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q5.2.81
Which type of formal organization do people join in order to obtain money and other material benefits?
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.2.82
Assume you are a parent of a child in school. From your point of view, what type of organization is a school’s parent-teacher association (PTA)?
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q5.2.83
From the point of view of anyone considered to be an “inmate,” what type of formal organization is the person in?
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q5.2.84
The concept “bureaucracy” refers to ________
Answer: d
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.2.85
One of the traits Max Weber noted about bureaucracy was that it ________
Answer: d
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.2.86
In principle, bureaucratic organizations pay little attention to ________
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.2.87
Which concept refers to all factors outside an organization that affect the organization’s operation?
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.2.88
Max Weber argued that formal organizations were efficient, but he cautioned that they can have harmful effects on people. As he saw it, what is the danger?
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.2.89
What is Robert Merton’s term for a preoccupation with rules and regulations to the point of keeping an organization from accomplishing its goals?
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.2.90
The emergency room clerk who keeps a bleeding patient waiting while filling out lots of paperwork is a classic example of bureaucratic ________
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q5.2.91
The tendency of bureaucratic organizations to perpetuate themselves in order to keep going is called bureaucratic ________
Answer: d
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.2.92
Robert Michels referred to the rule of the many by the few as ________
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.2. 93
In the “iron law of oligarchy,” Robert Michels stated that bureaucracy always means ________
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.3.94
The basic idea behind scientific management is that ________
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.3.95
The scientific management approach was developed by ________
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.3.96
In brief, what does Rosabeth Moss Kanter’s research show?
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.3.97
According to Deborah Tannen, what traits make up a “female advantage”?
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.3.98
During the last 50 years, Japanese formal organizations have differed from those in the United States by being ________
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.3.99
U.S. business organizations differ from those a century ago because ________
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.3.100
One of the traits linked to the process of McDonaldization is ________
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.3.101
The concept of “McDonaldization” of society refers to ________
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.3.102
Evidence of the process called the “McDonaldization” of society includes ________
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.4.103
The text speaks of “opposing trends” in today’s world of formal organizations because ________
Answer: c
Learning ObjectiveLO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
TB_Q5.1.104
What are the differences between categories and social groups?
Answer:
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.1.105
What are several important differences between primary and secondary groups?
Answer:
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.1.106
What does the research by Solomon Asch and Stanley Milgram show us about the ability of social groups to affect the opinions and behavior of group members?
Answer:
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q5.1.107
What is the meaning of “in-group” and “out-group”? How do they both affect the opinions and behavior of individuals? Give an example of each operating as a reference group.
Answer:
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q5.2.108
List the traits that Max Weber used to describe bureaucratic social organizations. How do these traits promote organizational efficiency? What do these traits have in common?
Answer:
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.3.109
What is the “McDonaldization” of society? List the four principles that define this organizational pattern. In what ways is this pattern good for society? In what ways does it threaten us?
Answer:
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q5.4.110
What does it mean to say that rationality may be irrational? How might Weber respond to this question?
Answer:
Learning ObjectiveLO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Analyze It
ESSAY QUESTIONS/TOPICS FOR SHORT PAPERS
TB_Q5.1.111
Based on your understanding of this chapter, discuss (1) how group size affects the behavior of group members, and (2) how diversity in group membership affects the behavior of group members. Illustrate your responses with examples from everyday life.
Answer:
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q5.1.112
Explain the effect of social media such as Facebook on the size and character of social networks. How do social media bring more and more people together? In what ways can social media discourage social interaction?
Answer:
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Apply What You Know
TB_Q5.2.113
In this essay, list the key characteristics of bureaucracy. What was it about bureaucracy that Max Weber saw as being positive? What did he see as being negative? To what extent to you agree with Weber’s assessment?
Answer:
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q5.3.114
How have formal organizations changed over the course of the 20th century? Describe the ideal formal organization in the eyes of scientific management analyst Frederick Taylor, who wrote his business principle a century ago. How and why do today’s more flexible organizations strive to be different from those described by Taylor?
Answer:
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q5.3.115
Discuss the “McDonaldization” of society thesis. What, exactly, does this phrase mean? How might this thesis, assuming it is correct, affect your own life in college and after?
Answer:
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q5.3.116
Why do many analysts claim that the spread of formal organizations threatens personal privacy? What do you think can be done about the erosion of personal privacy?
Answer:
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q5.3.117
Explain the “opposing trends” that are shaping the future of organizations in the United States. Why are workers in some large organizations rewarded for developing their creativity and imagination, whereas those in other organizations are prevented from doing anything other than what they are told?
Answer:
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Analyze It
TB_Q5.3.118
What are the dangers that are posed to us by the process called the “McDonaldization” of society? Develop some strategies, policies, or personal choices that might help discourage the spread of this process.
Answer:
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Difficult
Skill Level: Analyze It
Name ________________________________
Multiple Choice:
TB_Q5.1.119
Which of the following is every society’s most important primary group?
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.120
One characteristic of secondary groups is _________
Answer: b
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.121
In general, the largest social networks include people who are ________
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.2.122
In principle, bureaucratic organizations pay little attention to ________
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
TB_Q5.2.123
The scientific management approach was developed by ________
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.3.124
During the last 50 years, Japanese formal organizations have differed from those in the United States by being ________
Answer: c
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.3.125
One of the traits linked to the process of McDonaldization is ________
Answer: a
Learning Objective: LO 5.3: Summarize the changes to formal organizations over the course of the last century
Topic: The Evolution of Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.126
The sociologist who explored the primary group was Charles Horton Cooley.
Answer: True
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.1.127
Asch’s experiment in group conformity shows that most people would not compromise their personal judgment in order to avoid being seen as different.
Answer: False
Learning Objective: LO 5.1: Explain the importance of various types of groups to social life
Topic: Social Groups
Difficulty Level: Easy
Skill Level: Remember the Facts
TB_Q5.2.128
List the traits that Max Weber used to describe bureaucratic social organizations. How do these traits promote organizational efficiency?
Answer:
Learning Objective: LO 5.2: Describe the operation of large, formal organizations
Topic: Formal Organizations
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Skill Level: Understand the Concepts
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Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
