UNDERSTANDING HUMAN SEXUALITY 14Th Edition By Janet Hyde - Test Bank
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UNDERSTANDING HUMAN SEXUALITY 14Th Edition By Janet Hyde - Test Bank

UNDERSTANDING HUMAN SEXUALITY 14Th Edition By Janet Hyde - Test Bank   Instant Download - Complete Test Bank With Answers     Sample Questions Are Posted Below   Chapter 05 Test Bank   Hormones are of only two types—androgens and estrogens. manufactured solely by the sex glands—the testes and the ovaries. C. secreted directly into …

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UNDERSTANDING HUMAN SEXUALITY 14Th Edition By Janet Hyde – Test Bank

 

Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Chapter 05

Test Bank

 

  1. Hormones are
  2. of only two types—androgens and estrogens.
  3. manufactured solely by the sex glands—the testes and the ovaries.
  4. C. secreted directly into the bloodstream.
  5. manufactured solely by the pituitary glands.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Female Sex Hormone Systems

Topic: Male Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormones

  1. Which of the following is true of the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus?
  2. The pituitary and the hypothalamus are located in the frontal lobe.
  3. The hypothalamus directly secretes the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH).
  4. C. The pituitary is the master gland of the endocrine system.
  5. The hypothalamus solely focuses on regulating eating behavior in humans.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Female Sex Hormone Systems

Topic: Male Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormones

  1. The ______ play(s) a major role in regulating eating, drinking, and sexual behavior.
  2. A. hypothalamus
  3. adrenal glands
  4. cerebellum
  5. gonads

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Female Sex Hormone Systems

Topic: Male Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormones

  1. The pituitary gland is regulated by the
  2. A.
  3. adrenal glands.
  4. gonads.
  5. cerebellum.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Female Sex Hormone Systems

Topic: Male Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormones

  1. The production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) takes place in the
  2. pancreas.
  3. B. pituitary gland.
  4. hypothalamus.
  5. ovaries and testes, respectively.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Male Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Males

  1. The region of the brain that secretes gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is the
  2. pituitary.
  3. B.
  4. hippocampus.
  5. medulla.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Male Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Males

  1. Which of the following influences the output of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus in males?
  2. A. testosterone
  3. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
  4. luteinizing hormone (LH)
  5. pituitary gland

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Male Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Males

  1. Which of the following is most likely to result from having low levels of testosterone in the blood?
  2. decreased production of the hormone oxytocin by the testes
  3. decreased production of luteinizing hormone (LH) by the pituitary gland
  4. increased production of inhibin by the testes
  5. D. increased production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Male Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Males

  1. Identify the hormone that controls sperm production.
  2. luteinizing hormone
  3. oxytocin
  4. estrogen
  5. D. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Male Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Males

  1. ______ regulates estrogen production in females and testosterone production in males.
  2. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
  3. Oxytocin
  4. C. Luteinizing hormone (LH)
  5. Adrenaline

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Female Sex Hormone Systems

Topic: Male Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Males

  1. Which of the following statements about male and female hormone systems is true?
  2. A. Only testosterone levels differ between men and women.
  3. Levels of estradiol are higher in women.
  4. The ovaries and testes produce very different hormones.
  5. Levels of progesterone are higher in women.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Female Sex Hormone Systems

Topic: Male Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Females

  1. The hormone inhibin is produced by
  2. the adrenal glands.
  3. the pituitary gland.
  4. cells of the Bartholin’s glands.
  5. D. Sertoli cells of the testes.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Male Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Males

  1. Inhibin
  2. is a hormone found only in men.
  3. B. regulates follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in a negative feedback loop.
  4. plays a major role in increasing sperm production.
  5. primarily regulates luteinizing hormone (LH) production.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Male Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Males

  1. One of the main functions of estrogen is
  2. stimulating secretion of milk by the mammary glands after a woman has given birth to a child.
  3. promoting bone growth past the pubertal years.
  4. C. stimulating breast growth.
  5. decreasing the mucous membrane of the vagina.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Female Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Females

  1. Identify the hormone that is responsible for maintaining the mucous membranes of the vagina and stopping the growth of bone and muscle.
  2. oxytocin
  3. progesterone
  4. C. estrogen
  5. prolactin

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Female Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Females

  1. Which of the following is most likely to result from increased levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in females?
  2. decreased levels of estradiol
  3. decreased levels of estrogen
  4. increased levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
  5. D. increased levels of luteinizing hormone (LH)

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Female Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Females

  1. Which of the following is most likely to occur due to increases in the level of estrogen?
  2. increased production of prolactin and oxytocin
  3. B. decreased production of luteinizing hormone (LH)
  4. decreased production of testosterone
  5. increased production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Female Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Females

  1. ______ stimulates secretion of milk by the mammary glands after a woman has given birth to a child.
  2. A. Prolactin
  3. Progesterone
  4. Estrogen
  5. Oxytocin

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Female Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Females

  1. Which of the following glands produces prolactin?
  2. A. the pituitary gland
  3. the adrenal gland
  4. the thyroid gland
  5. the pineal gland

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Female Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Females

  1. Oxytocin
  2. results from secretions by the ovaries.
  3. curbs the contractions of the uterus during childbirth.
  4. suppresses milk ejection from the nipples.
  5. D. seems to promote affectionate bonding.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Female Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Females

  1. Estrogen and progesterone are manufactured by the
  2. A.
  3. pituitary gland.
  4. testes.
  5. hypothalamus.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Female Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Females

  1. Identify the hormone that stimulates contractions of the uterus during childbirth.
  2. progesterone
  3. prolactin
  4. C. oxytocin
  5. testosterone

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Female Sex Hormone Systems

Feedback: Sex Hormone Systems in Females

  1. Gonad differentiation occurs
  2. at the same time for males and females.
  3. B. earlier for males.
  4. earlier for females.
  5. during puberty.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Gonads

Feedback: Gonads

  1. In Klinefelter’s syndrome, a genetic male has
  2. an extra chromosome 21.
  3. B. an extra X chromosome.
  4. an extra Y chromosome.
  5. no Y chromosome.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Sex Chromosomes

Feedback: Sex Chromosomes

  1. Which of the following is true of Klinefelter’s syndrome?
  2. It can be reversed by surgery.
  3. It occurs in genetic females that have a single X chromosome.
  4. C. It results in low testosterone levels.
  5. It occurs when a genetic male has an extra Y chromosome (XYY).

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Sex Chromosomes

Feedback: Sex Chromosomes

  1. At about 7 weeks postconception, the sex chromosomes direct the gonads to develop into the ______ in the male.
  2. glans
  3. urethra
  4. scrotum
  5. D. testes

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Gonads

Topic: Sex Chromosomes

Feedback: Gonads

  1. The testis-determining factor (TDF) is responsible for
  2. descent of the testes after differentiation.
  3. differentiation of the Müllerian ducts into testes.
  4. differentiation of the Wolffian ducts into testes.
  5. D. differentiation of gonads into testes.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Gonads

Feedback: Gonads

  1. Which of the following is true of the sex-determining region, Y chromosome (SRY)?
  2. It is involved in gonad differentiation in both males and females.
  3. B. It is a gene related to the prenatal differentiation of the gonads.
  4. It is secreted by the testis-determining factor (TDF).
  5. It carries genes that control normal functioning of the ovaries.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Gonads

Topic: Sex Chromosomes

Feedback: Gonads

  1. In the female, the ______ turn into the fallopian tubes, the uterus, and the upper part of the vagina.
  2. Wolffian ducts
  3. tubercles
  4. gonads
  5. D. Müllerian ducts

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Prenatal Hormones and the Genitals

Feedback: Prenatal Hormones and the Genitals

  1. The Wolffian ducts develop into the
  2. shaft of the penis.
  3. testes and scrotum.
  4. prostate gland.
  5. D. epididymis, vas deferens, and ejaculatory duct.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Prenatal Hormones and the Genitals

Feedback: Prenatal Hormones and the Genitals

  1. The inguinal canal is the passageway for the descent of the
  2. A.
  3. fallopian tubes.
  4. scrotum.
  5. ovaries.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Descent of Testes and Ovaries

Feedback: Descent of the Testes and Ovaries

  1. Which of the following is true of cryptorchidism?
  2. A. The optimum time for correcting the condition is soon after the first birthday.
  3. It is a condition resulting from the descent of one or both testes into the scrotum.
  4. It occurs when the penis fails to descend from the body.
  5. Treatment is limited to hormonal therapy.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Descent of Testes and Ovaries

Feedback: Descent of the Testes and Ovaries

  1. Which of the following may be a consequence of undescended testes in a male?
  2. increased motility of sperm
  3. increased testosterone production
  4. C. inhibition of sperm production
  5. decreased likelihood of testicular cancer

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Descent of Testes and Ovaries

Feedback: Descent of the Testes and Ovaries

  1. The primary sex-differentiated structure in the brain is the
  2. occipital lobe.
  3. B.
  4. thalamus.
  5. parietal lobe.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Prenatal Hormones and the Genitals

Feedback: Brain Differentiation

  1. Which of the following is true of epigenetics?
  2. A. Epigenetics refers to a functional change to DNA.
  3. An epigenetic change involves the deletion of one or more base pairs of DNA.
  4. An epigenetic change involves the substitution of one base pair of DNA for another.
  5. Epigenetics alters the genetic code.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Prenatal Hormones and the Genitals

Feedback: Brain Differentiation

  1. In the context of determination of estrogen sensitivity, if testosterone is present during fetal development,
  2. the cells that have androgen receptors in the hypothalamus become highly insensitive to the levels of testosterone in the bloodstream.
  3. the cells that have estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus become sensitive to the levels of testosterone in the bloodstream.
  4. the cells that have androgen receptors in the hypothalamus become highly sensitive to both estrogen and testosterone.
  5. D. the cells that have estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus become insensitive to estrogen present in the bloodstream.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Prenatal Hormones and the Genitals

Feedback: Brain Differentiation

  1. Which of the following statements regarding brain differentiation in males and females is true?
  2. The differences in the brain structures of males and females are “hardwired” differences present from birth.
  3. B. The hypothalamus and the amygdala are among the few brain structures that show gender differentiation.
  4. The primary sex-differentiated structure is the cerebellum.
  5. Epigenetic changes that bring about gender differentiation in the brain occur only during postnatal development.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Prenatal Hormones and the Genitals

Feedback: Brain Differentiation

  1. The embryonic source of the glans penis is the
  2. Müllerian duct.
  3. Wolffian duct.
  4. C. genital tubercle.
  5. genital swelling.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Homologous Organs

Feedback: Homologous Organs

  1. Both the clitoris in females and the glans penis in males develop from the same embryonic tissue—the genital tubercle. Thus, we may say that the clitoris and the glans penis are
  2. heterologous organs.
  3. B. homologous organs.
  4. autologous organs.
  5. monogamous organs.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Homologous Organs

Feedback: Homologous Organs

  1. Both the clitoris in females and the glans penis in males produce gametes and sex hormones. Based on this information, we may say that the clitoris and the glans penis are
  2. A. analogous organs.
  3. monogamous organs.
  4. heterologous organs.
  5. autologous organs.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Homologous Organs

Feedback: Homologous Organs

  1. The Skene’s gland in females and the prostate in males have the same embryonic source—the urethral primordia. The Skene’s gland also secretes a fluid that is biologically similar to the milky alkaline fluid secreted by the male prostate. Based on this, we may say that
  2. these organs are analogous but not homologous.
  3. these organs are neither analogous nor homologous.
  4. these organs are homologous but not analogous.
  5. D. these organs are both analogous and homologous.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Homologous Organs

Feedback: Homologous Organs

  1. Which of the following organs are both homologous and analogous in adult males and females?
  2. the Wolffian duct and the Müllerian duct
  3. the scrotum and the labia majora (outer lips)
  4. the hypothalamus and the pituitary
  5. D. the glans penis and the clitoris

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Homologous Organs

Feedback: Homologous Organs

  1. The testes in the male are homologous to the ______ in the female.
  2. labia minora (inner lips)
  3. B. ovaries
  4. clitoris
  5. labia majora (outer lips)

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Homologous Organs

Feedback: Homologous Organs

  1. John Money developed eight variables of gender. The particular gender type that refers to the presence of testosterone and Müllerian inhibiting substance (MIS) in males but not in females before birth is the
  2. A. prenatal hormonal gender.
  3. assigned gender.
  4. external genital appearance gender.
  5. pubertal hormonal gender.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation

Feedback: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation

  1. Based on the eight variables of gender adapted from Money (1987), one’s gender as defined at birth based in part on the appearance of the external genitals is one’s
  2. pubertal hormonal gender.
  3. chromosomal gender.
  4. C. assigned gender.
  5. gonadal gender.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation

Feedback: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation

  1. One of your friends is in medical school. She tells you about a syndrome in which a genetic female develops ovaries normally as a fetus; however, due to the abnormal functioning of the adrenal gland, an excess amount of androgen is produced, resulting in external genitals that are partly or completely male in appearance. Your friend is unable to recall the name of the syndrome. You know it and are able to tell her that it is
  2. cryptorchidism.
  3. Klinefelter’s syndrome.
  4. androgen-insensitivity syndrome (AIS).
  5. D. congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).

APA Learning Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation

Feedback: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation

  1. One of your friends is in medical school. She tells you about a syndrome in which a genetic male produces normal levels of testosterone but his body tissues are insensitive to the testosterone and the resultant prenatal development is feminized. Your friend has forgotten the name. You know it and are able to tell her that it is
  2. congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).
  3. cryptorchidism.
  4. Klinefelter’s syndrome.
  5. D. androgen-insensitivity syndrome (AIS).

APA Learning Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome

Topic: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation

Feedback: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation

  1. One of the most common syndromes that can cause an intersex condition and sometimes results in identifying genetic females as males at birth is
  2. Triple X syndrome (XXX).
  3. B. congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).
  4. androgen-insensitivity syndrome (AIS).
  5. Triple Y syndrome (YYY).

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation

Feedback: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation

  1. The type of atypical development where the male fetus (sex chromosomes XY) is insensitive to androgen is most likely to result in
  2. a male with small testes, enlarged breasts, and reduced sex drive.
  3. a male of exceptional height and weight with borderline mental retardation.
  4. a tall male with unusual sex preferences.
  5. D. a female-like external appearance, with no uterus and with undescended testes.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome

Topic: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation

Feedback: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation

  1. The syndrome known as 5-alpha reductase deficiency syndrome is caused by
  2. an excess production of prolactin.
  3. B. a genetic-endocrine problem.
  4. an excess production of oxytocin.
  5. congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation

Feedback: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation

  1. John Money referred to intersex individuals, or those with congenital adrenal hyperplasia or androgen-insensitivity syndrome, as ______, a term no longer used.
  2. transgenders
  3. hermaphrodites
  4. homosexuals
  5. D. pseudohermaphrodites

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome

Topic: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation

Feedback: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation

  1. ______ is the time during which there is sudden enlargement and maturation of the gonads, other genitalia, and secondary sex characteristics, leading to reproductive capacity.
  2. The prenatal period
  3. Babyhood
  4. Infancy
  5. D. Puberty

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

Feedback: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

  1. ______ represents a psychological transition from the behavior and attitudes of a child to the behavior, attitudes, and responsibilities of an adult.
  2. Infancy
  3. Babyhood
  4. The prenatal period
  5. D. Adolescence

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Recall the process of sexual differentiation during puberty.

Topic: Adolescence

Topic: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

Feedback: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

  1. Which of the following is true of adolescence?
  2. It solely represents a biological transition from child to adult
  3. A century ago, adolescence was much longer.
  4. Modern American culture has an unusually short period of adolescence.
  5. D. In some cultures, adolescence does not exist.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Recall the process of sexual differentiation during puberty.

Topic: Adolescence

Topic: Culture

Feedback: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

  1. Adolescence is a socially defined period of development that
  2. represents the time from conception to birth.
  3. is characterized completely by the physiological changes in the body.
  4. C. represents a psychological transition from childhood toward adulthood.
  5. is marked by the normative and universal time frame of 13 to 18 years.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Recall the process of sexual differentiation during puberty.

Topic: Adolescence

Topic: Culture

Feedback: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

  1. When comparing the pubertal process in females and males, it is found that
  2. A. boys begin to change about two years later than girls.
  3. we really cannot say anything definite given our present state of knowledge about sexual development.
  4. girls and boys follow significantly different patterns of development, although they occur at the same time.
  5. girls and boys follow the same pattern of development at the same time.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Recall the process of sexual differentiation during puberty.

Topic: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

Feedback: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

  1. At age 12, Anna is 5 feet and 2 inches tall, which makes her taller than most boys her age. In the context of the pubertal process, this is most likely due to the fact that
  2. the growth spurt for boys is decreasing in length with each passing generation.
  3. B. the growth spurt for girls occurs about two years before the growth spurt for boys.
  4. the growth spurt for girls tends to be longer than the growth spurt for boys.
  5. the growth spurt occurs in girls but not in boys.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Recall the process of sexual differentiation during puberty.

Topic: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

Feedback: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

  1. The first sign of puberty in girls is
  2. the beginning of menstruation.
  3. the production of a mature ovum.
  4. C. the beginning of breast development.
  5. the growth of pubic hair.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Recall the process of sexual differentiation during puberty.

Topic: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

Feedback: Changes in Girls

  1. Which of the following is true of leptin?
  2. It is a male hormone and is not present in girls.
  3. It inhibits the release of luteinizing hormone (LH).
  4. It is a female hormone and is not present in boys.
  5. D. Leptin levels rise as body fat increases.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Recall the process of sexual differentiation during puberty.

Topic: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

Feedback: Changes in Girls

  1. Which of the following hormones is most likely to be involved in the initiation of pubertal development?
  2. gastrin
  3. B. kisspeptin
  4. somatostatin
  5. secretin

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Recall the process of sexual differentiation during puberty.

Topic: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

Feedback: Changes in Girls

  1. Penis growth, experienced by the average boy during puberty, is most likely to occur at about the same time as
  2. menarche.
  3. B. the change in his voice.
  4. significant enlargement of the pelvic bone structure.
  5. the cessation of mensuration.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Recall the process of sexual differentiation during puberty.

Topic: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

Feedback: Changes in Boys

  1. Which of the following is true of menarche?
  2. Menarche signifies that a girl is capable of becoming pregnant.
  3. Girls lack a visible sign of having attained menarche.
  4. C. There is a wide range in the age at which menarche occurs.
  5. All girls tend to react positively to their first menstruations.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Recall the process of sexual differentiation during puberty.

Topic: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

Feedback: Changes in Girls

  1. Which of the following is true of the adrenal glands?
  2. They limit the growth of pubic and axillary hair in females.
  3. They are located just below the kidneys.
  4. C. In females, they are the major producers of androgens.
  5. Adrenarche generally begins after age 14.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Recall the process of sexual differentiation during puberty.

Topic: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

Feedback: Changes in Girls

  1. ______ is a problem faced more often by boys because of the clogging of sebaceous glands during puberty.
  2. A. Acne
  3. Growth of pubic hair
  4. Increased secretion of adrenal androgens
  5. Obesity

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Recall the process of sexual differentiation during puberty.

Topic: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

Feedback: Changes in Boys

  1. An adolescent boy experiences temporary breast enlargement. This condition is known as
  2. adrenarche.
  3. B.
  4. menarche.
  5. spermarche.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Recall the process of sexual differentiation during puberty.

Topic: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

Feedback: Changes in Boys

  1. Human females are nearly unique among species in
  2. engaging in sexual intercourse during estrus.
  3. B. having a menstrual cycle.
  4. experiencing slight spotting during ovulation.
  5. having an estrous cycle.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: The Menstrual Cycle

  1. Human females engage in sexual behavior
  2. only when they are in “heat,” like all other mammals.
  3. only during menstruation, because they are least likely to become pregnant during this phase.
  4. primarily in the middle of their estrous cycle.
  5. D. throughout the menstrual cycle.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: The Menstrual Cycle

  1. Day 1 of the menstrual cycle is
  2. the day after the last day of menstruation.
  3. the first day of the follicular phase.
  4. C. the first day of menstruation.
  5. the last day of menstruation.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. The first phase of the menstrual cycle is
  2. mensuration.
  3. ovulation.
  4. the luteal phase.
  5. D. the follicular phase.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. Which of the following is true regarding the ovulation phase of the menstrual cycle?
  2. The level of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) rises significantly during this phase.
  3. The levels of estrogen drop significantly during this phase.
  4. This phase follows the luteal phase.
  5. D. During this phase, the follicle ruptures open and releases a mature egg.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. In the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle,
  2. the endometrium breaks down and is discharged through the cervix.
  3. B. the follicle turns into a glandular mass of cells called the corpus luteum.
  4. luteinizing hormone (LH) is no longer secreted.
  5. degeneration of the corpus luteum causes a rise in progesterone levels.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. The phase of the menstrual cycle that is characterized by a sharp decline of both estrogen and progesterone and a shedding of the inner lining of the uterus is the
  2. A. menstruation phase.
  3. ovulation phase.
  4. follicular phase.
  5. luteal phase.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. The layer of the uterus that is sloughed off during menstruation and creates most of the menstrual discharge is the
  2. exometrium.
  3. perimetrium.
  4. myometrium.
  5. D.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. Which phase of the menstrual cycle is relatively constant in terms of duration?
  2. the menstruation phase
  3. the ovulation phase
  4. C. the luteal phase
  5. the follicular phase

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. The term Mittelschmerz refers to
  2. the cessation of menstruation in middle age.
  3. a phenomenon in which menstruation occurs in the middle of the menstrual cycle.
  4. C. a phenomenon whereby a woman can feel herself ovulate.
  5. appendicitis.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. If a woman has a regular 28-day menstrual cycle, the day of ovulation is most likely to be day
  2. 4.
  3. 10.
  4. C.
  5. 20.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. If a woman has a 38-day menstrual cycle, the day of ovulation is most likely to be about day
  2. 4.
  3. 10.
  4. 14.
  5. D.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. A woman has a 30-day menstrual cycle. She has had a 30-day cycle since she began menstruating. She is most likely to ovulate on about day
  2. 12.
  3. B.
  4. 20.
  5. 24.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. The average length of a normal menstrual cycle is about
  2. 14 days.
  3. 18 days.
  4. C. 28 days.
  5. 36 days.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. The time from ovulation to menstruation is always ______ days, give or take only a day or two.
  2. 7
  3. B. 14
  4. 18
  5. 21

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. Which of the following is correct regarding the menstrual cycle?
  2. A. Ovulation does not have to occur in every menstrual cycle, especially among girls during puberty and women in their forties.
  3. Irrespective of the duration of one’s menstrual cycle, ovulation invariably occurs on day 14 from the start of menstruation.
  4. The follicular phase of the menstrual cycle is the most constant, extending for 10 days from ovulation to menstruation.
  5. The luteal phase of the menstrual cycle varies in length, especially among women in their thirties.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. When a woman menstruates without ovulating it is
  2. A. called an anovulatory cycle.
  3. a menstrual problem.
  4. called Mittelschmerz.
  5. a sign of sterility.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. When luteinizing hormone (LH) production begins, just before ovulation, the cervical mucus is
  2. thick and viscous.
  3. not produced.
  4. even more acidic.
  5. D. even more alkaline.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. Dried cervical mucus takes on a fern-shaped pattern
  2. after ovulation.
  3. during menstruation.
  4. C. just before ovulation.
  5. just before menstruation.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. On the day after ovulation, a woman’s average basal body temperature
  2. A.
  3. decreases.
  4. is the same as that during the follicular phase.
  5. returns to preovulation levels.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. Which of the following results in a surge in a woman’s basal body temperature on the day after ovulation?
  2. low levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
  3. high levels of oxytocin
  4. increased production of prolactin
  5. D. increased production of progesterone

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. A woman is trying to determine the time at which she ovulates. She keeps track of her basal body temperature every day. She observes a decrease followed by a noticeable increase in the basal body temperature. This signals that she is in the ______ phase of her menstrual cycle.
  2. follicular
  3. menstruation
  4. proliferative
  5. D. luteal

APA Learning Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. The body temperature of a woman changes during the menstrual cycle. Her temperature
  2. A. decreases on the day of ovulation.
  3. decreases the day after ovulation.
  4. decreases during the luteal phase.
  5. increases during the follicular phase.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Biology of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. Which of the following describes dysmenorrhea?
  2. It results from infection of the female prostate.
  3. B. The term refers to painful menstruation.
  4. It affects males, resulting in a condition in which they can no longer produce sperm.
  5. It is a condition characterized by breast enlargement in men.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Menstrual Problems

  1. Which of the following is the cause of painful menstruation?
  2. A. a high level of prostaglandins
  3. a low level of luteinizing hormone (LH)
  4. a low level of inhibin
  5. a high level of endorphins

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Menstrual Problems

  1. Which of the following is an effect of high levels of prostaglandins?
  2. cessation of uterine contractions
  3. reduction of nerve sensitivity
  4. increase in the supply of prolactin in the bloodstream
  5. D. decrease in the supply of oxygen-carrying blood to the uterus

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Menstrual Problems

  1. Which of the following is true about masturbation and menstruation?
  2. Masturbation is not advised during menstruation because it may exacerbate the cramps.
  3. Masters and Johnson suggested that fluids become congested in the pelvic region after an orgasm during menstruation.
  4. Masturbation is dangerous because orgasm interferes with the uterine contractions necessary for menstrual flow.
  5. D. Masters and Johnson suggested masturbation as a possible remedy for menstrual cramps.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Menstrual Problems

  1. Faye has been experiencing very painful periods that last an unusually long time. According to her gynecologist, Faye’s condition is due to the fact that the lining of her uterus is growing in places other than the uterus. From the information provided, which of the following conditions would best characterize her symptoms?
  2. A. endometriosis
  3. premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
  4. dysmenorrhea
  5. amenorrhea

APA Learning Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Menstrual Problems

  1. Violet is 18 years old but has not started menstruating yet. The menstrual problem that she is experiencing is known as
  2. A. primary amenorrhea.
  3. secondary dysmenorrhea.
  4. secondary amenorrhea.
  5. primary dysmenorrhea.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Apply

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Menstrual Problems

  1. Stacy is 18 years old. Though she had regular menstrual cycles previously, she has not experienced menstruation for the past 3 months. Her condition is known as
  2. secondary dysmenorrhea.
  3. B. secondary amenorrhea.
  4. primary dysmenorrhea.
  5. primary amenorrhea.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Apply

Difficulty: Hard

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Menstrual Problems

  1. One of the causes of ______ is pregnancy.
  2. estrous cycles
  3. dysmenorrhea
  4. C. amenorrhea
  5. premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Menstrual Problems

  1. ______ refers to a combination of severe physical and psychological symptoms, such as depression and irritability, occurring just before menstruation.
  2. A. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
  3. Secondary amenorrhea
  4. Primary amenorrhea
  5. Endometriosis

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. According to a study by Romans et al. on premenstrual syndrome (PMS), based on data collected from a random sample of Canadian women daily for 6 months,
  2. there is strong evidence that PMS occurs during the last week of the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.
  3. the great majority of women experience menstrual cycle fluctuations in mood, but a small percentage may not.
  4. C. there is no scientific evidence of PMS, although there are plenty of stereotypes about it.
  5. the average ratings of depressive symptoms reported by women experiencing PMS is clinically significant and warrants intervention.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. Regarding research into fluctuations in athletic performance in nonelite and elite athletes during the menstrual cycle, which of the following statements is true?
  2. Women with higher levels of progesterone and lower levels of estrogen showed the greatest athletic success.
  3. Women with higher levels of estrogen showed more competitiveness and higher levels of athletic success.
  4. Both elite and nonelite athletes showed slightly decreased athletic performance at the time of ovulation.
  5. D. Fluctuations in testosterone made the big difference in competitiveness and elite or nonelite status.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. Research on performance—such as intellectual or athletic performance—generally shows that
  2. peak performance occurs around ovulation.
  3. performance declines just prior to menstruation.
  4. performance declines during menstruation.
  5. D. no fluctuations exist over the cycle.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. Identify one of the common menstrual taboos in Western culture that is still in practice today.
  2. the isolation of a menstruating woman from men
  3. the belief that a menstruating woman is not in the right state of mind
  4. the belief that menstrual blood contains supernatural, dangerous powers
  5. D. the prohibition of sexual intercourse with a menstruating woman

APA Learning Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Culture

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. The custom practiced by religious Hindus in rural Nepal, despite it being banned, in which menstruating women are banished to sleep in crude animal sheds is called
  2. amenorrhea.
  3. mikvah.
  4. C.
  5. dysmenorrhea.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Culture

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Why Do We Believe in PMS?

  1. ______ refers to a method in which data are collected at remote locations and transmitted to a central computer for data storage and analysis.
  2. Sonography
  3. Ethnography
  4. C. Telemetry
  5. Biometry

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. Which of the following is likely the best conclusion of the study conducted by Romans et al. on premenstrual syndrome (PMS), based on the data collected from a random sample of Canadian women daily for 6 months?
  2. A. The great majority of women do not experience menstrual cycle fluctuations in mood, but a small percentage may.
  3. Sadness is associated more strongly with the premenstrual phase than with other factors, such as stress, physical health, and social support.
  4. The great majority of women experience fluctuations in their intellectual and athletic performance during the premenstrual or menstrual phase.
  5. There is scientific evidence to prove that irritability is greater premenstrually.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. In an experiment, psychologist Diane Ruble divided her sample into three experimental groups. She measured their reactions to being given different information about their menstrual cycles. The group that reported more water retention, pain, and changes in eating
  2. A. was told that they were “premenstrual” and their period was due in 1 or 2 days.
  3. was taking birth control pills.
  4. was given no information about the predicted date of menstruation.
  5. was told that they were “intermenstrual” and their period was due in 7–10 days.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Culture

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

Feedback: Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. In the context of sexual differentiation during puberty, the ______ in the brain is stimulated by kisspeptin to produce more gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in a “pulsatile” fashion.
  2. thalamus
  3. occipital lobe
  4. C. hypothalamus
  5. parietal lobe

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Remember

Difficulty: Easy

Learning Objective: Recall the process of sexual differentiation during puberty.

Topic: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

Feedback: Changes in Girls

  1. What is meant by the negative feedback loop for females and for males? How does it operate? Describe its similarities and differences between females and males.

The negative feedback loop regulates the production of the sex hormones estrogen and progesterone in females and testosterone in males. It is also known as the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis. In males, the pituitary’s production of luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates the testes to produce testosterone. When testosterone levels are high, the hypothalamus reduces its production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which causes the pituitary to reduce the production of LH, consequently decreasing production of testosterone by the testes. When testosterone levels fall, the hypothalamus increases the production of GnRH and the process starts again. In females, the negative feedback loop functions in a similar fashion, with the levels of estrogen and progesterone regulated by hypothalamus, pituitary, and ovaries.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.

Topic: Female Sex Hormone Systems

Topic: Male Sex Hormone Systems

  1. Describe the process of sex differentiation of the gonads of males and females.

In the 7th week after conception, the sex chromosomes direct the gonads to begin differentiation. In males, the undifferentiated gonad develops into a testis at about 7 weeks. In females, the process occurs somewhat later, with the ovaries developing at around 13 or 14 weeks. An important gene that directs the differentiation of the gonads, located on the Y chromosome, is called sex-determining region, Y chromosome (SRY). If SRY is present, it causes the manufacture of a substance called testis-determining factor (TDF), which makes the gonads differentiate into testes, and male development occurs. The X chromosome carries genes that control normal functioning of the ovaries. Surprisingly, a number of genes on the X chromosome also affect cells in the testes that manufacture sperm.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Gonads

Topic: Sex Chromosomes

  1. Describe the role of the Müllerian ducts and the Wolffian ducts in the female and the male, respectively.

The Müllerian ducts and the Wolffian ducts are both related to the process of prenatal sexual differentiation. Once the gonads have differentiated into testes and ovaries in the male and female respectively, these organs begin to produce different sex hormones that direct the differentiation of the rest of the internal and external genital system. The Müllerian ducts and the Wolffian ducts are found in both males and females. However, in females the Wolffian ducts degenerate, and the Müllerian ducts turn into the fallopian tubes, the uterus, and the upper part of the vagina. In the case of males, the opposite occurs: The testes secrete the Müllerian inhibiting substance (MIS), which causes the Müllerian ducts to degenerate, while the Wolffian ducts turn into the epididymis, the vas deferens, and the ejaculatory duct.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Prenatal Hormones and the Genitals

  1. Discuss the problems that may occur in the passage of the testes through the inguinal canal. How can these problems be corrected?

Two problems may occur when the testes makes a journey down into the scrotum via a passageway called the inguinal canal. First, one or both testes may fail to descend into the scrotum by the time of birth, a condition known as undescended testes, or cryptorchidism. This condition occurs in about 3 percent of all males. Most frequently, only one testis is undescended, and the other is in the normal position. In most of these cases, the testes do descend by the first birthday. If the testes do not descend spontaneously, however, the condition is usually corrected by surgery. The optimum time for doing this is soon after the first birthday. Otherwise, if both testes fail to descend, the man will be sterile, because the high temperature of the testes inside the body inhibits the production of sperm. Undescended testes are also more likely to develop cancer. The second possible problem occurs when the inguinal canal does not close off completely. It may then reopen later in life, creating a passageway through which loops of the intestine can enter the scrotum. This condition, called inguinal hernia, can be remedied by simple surgery.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Descent of Testes and Ovaries

  1. Explain homologous and analogous organs. Give at least two examples of each.

Homologous organs refers to the organs in the male and the female that develop from the same embryonic tissue. Analogous organs, on the other hand, are the organs in the male and the female that have similar functions.

Examples of homologous organs include the testes in males and the ovaries in females, both of which develop from the gonads. The glans penis in males and the clitoris in females are also homologous to one another in that they both develop from the genital tubercle. The testes and the ovaries, and the glans penis and the clitoris, are examples of analogous organs, as they perform similar functions. The testes and the ovaries are both responsible for producing sex hormones, while both the glans penis and the clitoris play important roles in producing sexual arousal.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Homologous Organs

  1. Compare the two intersex conditions of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and androgen-insensitivity syndrome (AIS).

In congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), a genetic female develops ovaries normally as a fetus, but later in the course of prenatal development, the adrenal gland begins to function abnormally and produces an excess amount of androgens. Prenatal sexual differentiation then does not follow the normal female course. As a result, the external genitals are partly or completely male in appearance—the labia are partly or totally fused so there is no vaginal opening, and the clitoris is enlarged to the size of a small or full-sized penis.

In androgen-insensitivity syndrome (AIS), a genetic male produces normal levels of testosterone, but as a result of a genetic condition, the body tissues are insensitive to the testosterone and prenatal development is feminized. The individual is born with the external appearance of a female: a small vagina (but no uterus) and undescended testes.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.

Topic: Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome

Topic: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation

  1. Changes that occur to the body during puberty are sometimes difficult for adolescents in American society. How does our recognition of puberty differ from many other cultures and what might be the disadvantage?

Unlike in other parts of the world where puberty rites are performed to signify an adolescent’s passage to adulthood, in American culture, an individual’s entry into puberty is not given any formal recognition. Puberty rites probably serve an important psychological function in that they are a formal, public announcement of the fact that the boy or girl is passing through an important and difficult period of change In the absence of such rituals, a person may think that his or her body is doing strange things, making puberty a particularly difficult time. The lack of recognition may be particularly problematic for boys, who lack an obvious sign of puberty like the first menstruation.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Recall the process of sexual differentiation during puberty.

Topic: Culture

Topic: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty

  1. Discuss the common problem of painful menstruation.

The most common menstrual problem is painful menstruation, called dysmenorrhea. Symptoms of this may include cramping pains in the pelvic region, headaches, backaches, nausea, and a feeling of pressure and bloating in the pelvis. Dysmenorrhea is caused by prostaglandins, hormonelike substances produced by many tissues of the body, including the lining of the uterus. These prostaglandins can cause smooth muscles to contract and can affect the size of the blood vessels. Women with severe menstrual pain have unusually high levels of prostaglandins, which cause intense uterine contractions and choke off some of the supply of oxygen-carrying blood to the uterus. Prostaglandins may also cause greater sensitivity in nerve endings. The combination of the uterine contractions, lack of oxygen, and heightened nerve sensitivity produces menstrual cramps.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Menstrual Cycle

  1. Do women’s moods change over the menstrual cycle? Explain your choice of answer.

The great majority of women do not experience menstrual cycle fluctuations in mood, but a small percentage may. In one study, the researchers collected data from a random sample of Canadian women daily for 6 months. The results were surprising. No positive mood items showed cycle fluctuations. Only two negative mood items, sadness and irritability, showed significant variations across the cycle. Irritability was greater both premenstrually and during menses, compared with midcycle. Notice that greater irritability was not just premenstrual, challenging the basic concept of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Sadness was greater premenstrually, but it was more strongly associated with stress, physical health, and social support than it was with cycle phase. According to this study, there is no scientific evidence of PMS, although there are plenty of stereotypes about it. That said, it may be that a small percentage of women do experience PMS. Averaging across data from a random sample of women, there are too few with PMS to produce average mood fluctuations.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle

  1. Discuss the biological and psychological cycles that are present in men.

A study found that men’s testosterone levels displayed weekly fluctuations, peaking on weekends. Men who had a female partner and wished to have a child with her displayed a 28-day cycle of testosterone levels, leading the researchers to hypothesize that the men’s hormone cycles might have synchronized with their partner’s. Strikingly, men’s testosterone levels also vary with sexual activity. In this same study, men who had sex with an unfamiliar partner showed a 100 percent increase in their testosterone levels the following morning.

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Bloom’s: Understand

Difficulty: Medium

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.

Topic: Male Cycles

 

Category                                                                                                                                                                           # of Questions

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation                                                                                                                                                     116

APA Learning Outcome: 1.1: Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology                                        99

APA Learning Outcome: 1.2: Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains                                                       7

APA Learning Outcome: 1.3: Describe applications of psychology                                                                                                   10

Bloom’s: Apply                                                                                                                                                                                     10

Bloom’s: Remember                                                                                                                                                                              53

Bloom’s: Understand                                                                                                                                                                            53

Difficulty: Easy                                                                                                                                                                                    54

Difficulty: Hard                                                                                                                                                                                    4

Difficulty: Medium                                                                                                                                                                               58

Learning Objective: Describe prenatal sexual differentiation.                                                                                                              35

Learning Objective: Explain the menstrual cycle.                                                                                                                                43

Learning Objective: List the sex hormone systems in males and females.                                                                                          23

Learning Objective: Recall the process of sexual differentiation during puberty.                                                                               15

Topic: Adolescence                                                                                                                                                                               3

Topic: Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome                                                                                                                                            4

Topic: Atypical Prenatal Gender Differentiation                                                                                                                                  9

Topic: Culture                                                                                                                                                                                       6

Topic: Descent of Testes and Ovaries                                                                                                                                                  4

Topic: Female Sex Hormone Systems                                                                                                                                                 16

Topic: Gonads                                                                                                                                                                                      5

Topic: Homologous Organs                                                                                                                                                                 7

Topic: Male Cycles                                                                                                                                                                               1

Topic: Male Sex Hormone Systems                                                                                                                                                     14

Topic: Menstrual Cycle                                                                                                                                                                        35

Topic: Prenatal Hormones and the Genitals                                                                                                                                         7

Topic: Psychological Aspects of the Menstrual Cycle                                                                                                                         7

Topic: Sex Chromosomes                                                                                                                                                                     5

Topic: Sexual Differentiation during Puberty                                                                                                                                      14

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