Personality Psychology Domain of Knowledge about Human Nature 5th Edition by Randy J. Larsen -Test Bank

Personality Psychology Domain of Knowledge about Human Nature 5th Edition by Randy J. Larsen -Test Bank

 

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Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

c5

Student: ___________________________________________________________________________

1. _____ is defined as both the consistencies in people and the ways people change over time.
   A. Personality development
   B. Rank order stability
   C. Mean level stability
   D. Personality coherence

 

2. When people maintain their position in a group over time, they display
   A. mean level stability.
   B. rank order stability.
   C. personality coherence.
   D. possible selves.

 

3. If we measured height from the age of 12 to 18, we would likely see high degrees of
   A. mean level stability.
   B. rank order stability.
   C. rank order instability.
   D. both A and B.

 

4. When the average level of a trait remains constant over time, we observe
   A. mean level change.
   B. mean level stability.
   C. rank order stability.
   D. rank order instability.

 

5. The finding that sensation seeking tends to decrease with age is an example of
   A. mean level change.
   B. mean level stability.
   C. rank order stability.
   D. rank order instability.

 

6. If we studied political attitudes and found that everyone became more conservative with age, we would observe
   A. mean level change.
   B. mean level stability.
   C. rank order stability.
   D. rank order change.

 

7. If an individual maintains his or her rank order for a trait relative to a group, but changes the behaviors manifested by that trait over time that individual is exhibiting
   A. mean level stability.
   B. rank order stability.
   C. personality coherence.
   D. validity coefficients.

 

8. An example of _____ would be that ambivalently attached babies cry when their mothers leave them, and that later in life as adults these individuals have many short-lived relationships.
   A. mean level stability
   B. mean level change
   C. rank order stability
   D. personality coherence

 

9. When Maria was a child she was always did her homework on time and was an excellent student. As an adult Maria is a highly organized business woman with a reputation for meeting deadlines. Maria’s behavior throughout her life demonstrates
   A. personality coherence.
   B. mean level reliability.
   C. rank order stability.
   D. mean level stability.

 

10. Which of the following concepts does Gandhi’s life best illustrate?
    A. How a personality changes over time.
    B. How a personality can remain stable over time.
    C. The concept of rank order stability.
    D. Traits that are correlated with leadership skills.

 

11. Personality changes take place when those changes are _____ and _____.
    A. internal; progressive
    B. external; phenotypical
    C. internal; enduring
    D. external; durable

 

12. Freud’s theory of psychosexual stages is an example of personality change at the _____ level of analysis.
    A. population
    B. group differences
    C. individual differences
    D. individual uniqueness

 

13. Which of the following is NOT an example of a topic at the group level of analysis?
    A. Male versus female differences in empathy toward others.
    B. Cultural differences in coming of age rituals.
    C. Arousal differences that correlate with extraversion.
    D. Ethnic differences in body satisfaction.

 

14. _____ usually is/are defined as the individual differences that show up early in life and are likely to be heritable and involved in behaviors linked with emotionality.
    A. Traits
    B. Temperament
    C. Individual differences
    D. Dispositions

 

15. Which level of analysis would consider the question, “Can we predict healthy aging from personality traits?”
    A. Population
    B. Group differences
    C. Individual differences
    D. Cultural differences

 

16. Personality is least stable in
    A. early infancy.
    B. late infancy.
    C. adolescence.
    D. adulthood.

 

17. Personality differences usually can be first observed in
    A. early infancy.
    B. late infancy.
    C. adolescence.
    D. adulthood.

 

18. Which of the following aspects of temperament is probably most stable?
    A. Activity level
    B. Fear
    C. Duration of orienting
    D. Soothability

 

19. Temperament has been found to be
    A. unstable.
    B. more stable in early infancy.
    C. more stable over short interval.
    D. more stable over long intervals.

 

20. Correlations between the same measure taken at different points in time are called
    A. validity coefficients.
    B. stability coefficients.
    C. mean level stability.
    D. rank order stability.

 

21. Correlations between different measures of the same trait taken at the same time are called
    A. validity coefficients.
    B. stability coefficients.
    C. mean level stability.
    D. rank order stability.

 

22. Buss, Block, and Block’s longitudinal study of activity level found
    A. stability in activity level over time.
    B. less stability over short intervals.
    C. more stability over long intervals.
    D. a lack of personality coherence.

 

23. Research suggests that children classified as bullies in the 6^th grade
    A. will be more popular in the 10^th grade.
    B. will become “whipping boys” by the 7^th grade.
    C. are more likely to commit criminal acts in adulthood.
    D. are more likely to have been bullied by parents.

 

24. Traits from the five-factor model have been found to
    A. be only slightly stable in adulthood.
    B. be moderately stable in adulthood.
    C. lack stability in early adulthood.
    D. have population stability in adulthood.

 

25. Researchers have found that personality stability
    A. does not change reliably over time.
    B. tends to decrease with age.
    C. tends to increase with age.
    D. is best estimated by validity coefficients.

 

26. Trait consistency tends to reach each peak after age
    A. 20.
    B. 30.
    C. 40.
    D. 50.

 

27. Research suggests that traits from the five-factor model _____ mean level changes with age.
    A. do not show
    B. show small
    C. show moderate
    D. show large

 

28. The traits of extraversion, neuroticism, and openness tend to
    A. increase substantially in a person’s thirties.
    B. decline gradually with age until a person is about fifty years old.
    C. fluctuate greatly in mean level stability during adolescence.
    D. decrease markedly after a person reaches his or her sixties.

 

29. Trait neuroticism and negative affect scores tend to _____ from the freshman to senior years in college.
    A. increase strongly
    B. decrease strongly
    C. remain stable
    D. fluctuate wildly

 

30. Trait levels of _____ and _____ tend to increase with age.
    A. agreeableness; openness to experience
    B. extraversion; openness to experience
    C. neuroticism; extraversion
    D. conscientiousness; agreeableness

 

31. Some have suggested that more research focuses on personality stability, rather than change, because
    A. longitudinal studies are difficult to conduct.
    B. terms that refer to stability are generally more positive.
    C. assessing change is easier than assessing stability.
    D. there might be a bias among researchers against even looking for personality change.

 

32. People whose actual selves are close to their ideal selves score high on measures of
    A. possible selves.
    B. feared selves.
    C. desired selves.
    D. self-esteem.

 

33. During adolescence, the self-esteem of _____ increases and the self-esteem of _____ decreases.
    A. males; females
    B. females; males
    C. irritable persons; calm persons
    D. calm persons; irritable persons

 

34. A longitudinal study of architects that spanned 25 years found that
    A. successful architects scored high on independence and spontaneity scales.
    B. successful architects scored high on conventionality and conservatism scales.
    C. impulsivity and flexibility scale scores increased with age for successful architects.
    D. successful architects had fewer health problems then less creative architects.

 

35. The architects classified as being “average” in a longitudinal, 25-year study, were found to
    A. have become somewhat more creative over the years, but not as much as the successful architects.
    B. score very low on conformity scales at both times data was collected in the study.
    C. have become less impulse and flexible and to have become more rigid as they aged.
    D. have considerably fewer health problems then the successful architects over the years.

 

36. A longitudinal study followed male management employees at AT&T over 20 years starting in the late 1950s while the men were in their twenties. The study found that the managers’ levels of _____ decreased over their careers.
    A. autonomy
    B. ambition
    C. motivation
    D. dominance

 

37. If you measure self-esteem every day for two weeks, you are probably most interested in
    A. self-esteem level.
    B. self-esteem variability.
    C. possible selves.
    D. feared selves.

 

38. Self-esteem variability is most correlated with
    A. self-esteem level.
    B. childhood temper tantrums.
    C. depression.
    D. activity level.

 

39. A person who feels very good after receiving a compliment, but very bad after being insulted, would sore high on measures of
    A. self-esteem.
    B. self-esteem variability.
    C. activity level.
    D. both a and b.

 

40. People who have high levels of self-esteem variability
    A. depend on others for their sense of self-worth.
    B. score high on measures of self-esteem level.
    C. score low on measures of self-esteem level.
    D. react positively to objectively defined negative events.

 

41. Self-esteem variability appears to be strongly related to the extent to which one’s self-view can be influenced by
    A. levels of monoanalyse oxide.
    B. the outcome of social events.
    C. the mean level of self-esteem.
    D. the self-esteem of others in the environment.

 

42. Kara is extremely sensitive to the feedback of other people. She most likely has a/an
    A. high level of self-esteem variability.
    B. overall low level of self-esteem.
    C. low mean level of self-esteem.
    D. extremely rigid sense of self-esteem.

 

43. Which of the following is NOT a component of sensation seeking?
    A. Thrill and adventure seeking
    B. Disinhibition
    C. Sociability
    D. Boredom susceptibility

 

44. When does the trait of sensation seeking tend to peak?
    A. In early childhood.
    B. In late adolescence.
    C. In midlife.
    D. In late life.

 

45. Women who score high on the femininity scale of the California Psychological Inventory (compared to low scorers) are more likely to
    A. remember an acquaintance’s birthday.
    B. take charge of a committee meeting.
    C. take the initiative in sexual encounters.
    D. demand equal social and political rights

 

46. A longitudinal study conducted of women who attended Mills College suggests that femininity (defined as being dependent, emotional, gentle, high-strung, etc.) decreases to become more masculine (defined as being assertive, confident, determined, independent, etc.) from ages
    A. 13 to 20.
    B. 20 to 30.
    C. 30 to 40.
    D. 40 to 50.

 

47. The trait of competence tends to _____ women.
    A. decrease with age among
    B. increase with age among
    C. remain unchanged with age among
    D. increase among married, but decrease among unmarried

 

48. Over time, trait scores of independence tended to increase for all women except
    A. divorced mothers.
    B. the nulliparous.
    C. working mothers.
    D. homemakers.

 

49. The Mills College longitudinal study of women found that homemakers’ level of independence at age 21 versus that at age 43 suggests that
    A. being a homemaker requires much more independence than originally believed.
    B. homemakers’ independence scores are likely to change little with age.
    C. the roles women adopt are irrelevant to changes in independence.
    D. the role a college-educated woman has in life is irrelevant to changes in personality.

 

50. _____ are defined as the social times in which people live.
    A. “Cohort effects”
    B. “Generational effects”
    C. “Historical byproducts”
    D. “Longitudinal effects”

 

51. The effects on individuals of living through the first gulf war is an example of
    A. cohort effects.
    B. generational effects.
    C. historical byproducts.
    D. longitudinal effects.

 

52. American women in the 1930s were more _____ than women of the 1950s.
    A. sexually active
    B. self-sufficient
    C. passive
    D. resilient

 

53. American women’s scores for _____ rose from 1931 to 1945 and also from 1968 to 1993.
    A. domesticity
    B. level of education
    C. assertiveness
    D. sensation seeking

 

54. Which of the following has NOT been associated with marital satisfaction?
    A. The husband’s neuroticism
    B. The wife’s neuroticism
    C. The husband’s impulsivity
    D. The wife’s impulsivity

 

55. Twenge concluded from her studies of cohort effects from 1968 to 1993 that
    A. females internalized the social change and cultural messages of the era, and their personalities were molded by these messages.
    B. cohort effects are interesting to study historically, but of little relevance to personality psychology.
    C. social and cultural changes had only marginal effects on personality.
    D. the culture in which an individual is immersed is the major determinant of personality.

 

56. “Personality coherence” refers to the predictable changes in
    A. the outcomes of personality factors over time.
    B. the mean level stability of personality traits.
    C. how much “common sense” a personality score makes.
    D. the effects of rank-order stability over time.

 

57. Which of the following personality traits is one of the strongest predictors of divorce in the Kelly and Conley longitudinal study of married couples?
    A. High extraversion
    B. Low agreeableness
    C. High neuroticism
    D. Low conscientiousness

 

58. Husbands who score low on _____ have been found to be more likely to have extramarital affairs.
    A. neuroticism
    B. impulse control
    C. dominance
    D. extraversion

 

59. Individuals with a high level of _____ tend to cope better with the loss of a spouse.
    A. dominance
    B. impulse control
    C. neuroticism
    D. independence

 

60. Which of the following has been suggested as the key factor with the later development of alcoholism in men?
    A. High levels of neuroticism
    B. Low levels of neuroticism
    C. Low levels of impulse control
    D. High levels of impulse control

 

61. Which of the following has been associated with the later development of emotional disturbances in men?
    A. High levels of neuroticism
    B. Low levels of neuroticism
    C. Low levels of impulse control
    D. High levels of impulse control

 

62. Impulsivity in men has been associated with
    A. lower levels of marital satisfaction.
    B. alcoholism.
    C. lower levels of academic achievement.
    D. All of these.

 

63. Which of the following does NOT predict later levels of marital satisfaction?
    A. Impulse control
    B. Childhood temper tantrums
    C. Neuroticism
    D. Sensation seeking

 

64. A study found that men who had many childhood temper tantrums later
    A. achieved higher levels of academic success.
    B. were more likely to be divorced.
    C. had more successful military careers.
    D. achieved great financial success.

 

65. Men classified as being “explosive” children in a 40-year longitudinal study presented by Caspi and his colleagues in 1987 differed from the “nonexplosive” group by
    A. earning more promotions for valor.
    B. achieving lower military ranks.
    C. earning more medals for bravery.
    D. benefiting from military discipline.

 

66. When people in marriages have similar personalities,
    A. they are more likely to divorce.
    B. their personalities remain more stable over time.
    C. their personalities change more over time.
    D. their personalities are neither more nor less likely to change over time.

 

67. _____ been associated with greater stability of personality over time.
    A. Marrying someone with a similar personality has
    B. Marrying someone with a very different personality has
    C. High levels of neuroticism have
    D. Low levels of neuroticism have

 

 

 

c5 Key

1. _____ is defined as both the consistencies in people and the ways people change over time.
   A.Personality development
   B. Rank order stability
   C. Mean level stability
   D. Personality coherence

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #1
 

2. When people maintain their position in a group over time, they display
   A.mean level stability.
   B. rank order stability.
   C. personality coherence.
   D. possible selves.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #2
 

3. If we measured height from the age of 12 to 18, we would likely see high degrees of
   A.mean level stability.
   B. rank order stability.
   C. rank order instability.
   D. both A and B.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #3
 

4. When the average level of a trait remains constant over time, we observe
   A.mean level change.
   B. mean level stability.
   C. rank order stability.
   D. rank order instability.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #4
 

5. The finding that sensation seeking tends to decrease with age is an example of
   A.mean level change.
   B. mean level stability.
   C. rank order stability.
   D. rank order instability.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #5
 

6. If we studied political attitudes and found that everyone became more conservative with age, we would observe
   A.mean level change.
   B. mean level stability.
   C. rank order stability.
   D. rank order change.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #6
 

7. If an individual maintains his or her rank order for a trait relative to a group, but changes the behaviors manifested by that trait over time that individual is exhibiting
   A.mean level stability.
   B. rank order stability.
   C. personality coherence.
   D. validity coefficients.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #7
 

8. An example of _____ would be that ambivalently attached babies cry when their mothers leave them, and that later in life as adults these individuals have many short-lived relationships.
   A.mean level stability
   B. mean level change
   C. rank order stability
   D. personality coherence

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #8
 

9. When Maria was a child she was always did her homework on time and was an excellent student. As an adult Maria is a highly organized business woman with a reputation for meeting deadlines. Maria’s behavior throughout her life demonstrates
   A.personality coherence.
   B. mean level reliability.
   C. rank order stability.
   D. mean level stability.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #9
 

10. Which of the following concepts does Gandhi’s life best illustrate?
    A.How a personality changes over time.
    B. How a personality can remain stable over time.
    C. The concept of rank order stability.
    D. Traits that are correlated with leadership skills.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #10
 

11. Personality changes take place when those changes are _____ and _____.
    A.internal; progressive
    B. external; phenotypical
    C. internal; enduring
    D. external; durable

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #11
 

12. Freud’s theory of psychosexual stages is an example of personality change at the _____ level of analysis.
    A.population
    B. group differences
    C. individual differences
    D. individual uniqueness

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #12
 

13. Which of the following is NOT an example of a topic at the group level of analysis?
    A.Male versus female differences in empathy toward others.
    B. Cultural differences in coming of age rituals.
    C. Arousal differences that correlate with extraversion.
    D. Ethnic differences in body satisfaction.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #13
 

14. _____ usually is/are defined as the individual differences that show up early in life and are likely to be heritable and involved in behaviors linked with emotionality.
    A.Traits
    B. Temperament
    C. Individual differences
    D. Dispositions

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #14
 

15. Which level of analysis would consider the question, “Can we predict healthy aging from personality traits?”
    A.Population
    B. Group differences
    C. Individual differences
    D. Cultural differences

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #15
 

16. Personality is least stable in
    A.early infancy.
    B. late infancy.
    C. adolescence.
    D. adulthood.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #16
 

17. Personality differences usually can be first observed in
    A.early infancy.
    B. late infancy.
    C. adolescence.
    D. adulthood.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #17
 

18. Which of the following aspects of temperament is probably most stable?
    A.Activity level
    B. Fear
    C. Duration of orienting
    D. Soothability

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #18
 

19. Temperament has been found to be
    A.unstable.
    B. more stable in early infancy.
    C. more stable over short interval.
    D. more stable over long intervals.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #19
 

20. Correlations between the same measure taken at different points in time are called
    A.validity coefficients.
    B. stability coefficients.
    C. mean level stability.
    D. rank order stability.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #20
 

21. Correlations between different measures of the same trait taken at the same time are called
    A.validity coefficients.
    B. stability coefficients.
    C. mean level stability.
    D. rank order stability.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #21
 

22. Buss, Block, and Block’s longitudinal study of activity level found
    A.stability in activity level over time.
    B. less stability over short intervals.
    C. more stability over long intervals.
    D. a lack of personality coherence.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #22
 

23. Research suggests that children classified as bullies in the 6^th grade
    A.will be more popular in the 10^th grade.
    B. will become “whipping boys” by the 7^th grade.
    C. are more likely to commit criminal acts in adulthood.
    D. are more likely to have been bullied by parents.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #23
 

24. Traits from the five-factor model have been found to
    A.be only slightly stable in adulthood.
    B. be moderately stable in adulthood.
    C. lack stability in early adulthood.
    D. have population stability in adulthood.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #24
 

25. Researchers have found that personality stability
    A.does not change reliably over time.
    B. tends to decrease with age.
    C. tends to increase with age.
    D. is best estimated by validity coefficients.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #25
 

26. Trait consistency tends to reach each peak after age
    A.20.
    B. 30.
    C. 40.
    D. 50.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #26
 

27. Research suggests that traits from the five-factor model _____ mean level changes with age.
    A.do not show
    B. show small
    C. show moderate
    D. show large

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #27
 

28. The traits of extraversion, neuroticism, and openness tend to
    A.increase substantially in a person’s thirties.
    B. decline gradually with age until a person is about fifty years old.
    C. fluctuate greatly in mean level stability during adolescence.
    D. decrease markedly after a person reaches his or her sixties.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #28
 

29. Trait neuroticism and negative affect scores tend to _____ from the freshman to senior years in college.
    A.increase strongly
    B. decrease strongly
    C. remain stable
    D. fluctuate wildly

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #29
 

30. Trait levels of _____ and _____ tend to increase with age.
    A.agreeableness; openness to experience
    B. extraversion; openness to experience
    C. neuroticism; extraversion
    D. conscientiousness; agreeableness

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #30
 

31. Some have suggested that more research focuses on personality stability, rather than change, because
    A.longitudinal studies are difficult to conduct.
    B. terms that refer to stability are generally more positive.
    C. assessing change is easier than assessing stability.
    D. there might be a bias among researchers against even looking for personality change.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #31
 

32. People whose actual selves are close to their ideal selves score high on measures of
    A.possible selves.
    B. feared selves.
    C. desired selves.
    D. self-esteem.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #32
 

33. During adolescence, the self-esteem of _____ increases and the self-esteem of _____ decreases.
    A.males; females
    B. females; males
    C. irritable persons; calm persons
    D. calm persons; irritable persons

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #33
 

34. A longitudinal study of architects that spanned 25 years found that
    A.successful architects scored high on independence and spontaneity scales.
    B. successful architects scored high on conventionality and conservatism scales.
    C. impulsivity and flexibility scale scores increased with age for successful architects.
    D. successful architects had fewer health problems then less creative architects.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #34
 

35. The architects classified as being “average” in a longitudinal, 25-year study, were found to
    A.have become somewhat more creative over the years, but not as much as the successful architects.
    B. score very low on conformity scales at both times data was collected in the study.
    C. have become less impulse and flexible and to have become more rigid as they aged.
    D. have considerably fewer health problems then the successful architects over the years.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #35
 

36. A longitudinal study followed male management employees at AT&T over 20 years starting in the late 1950s while the men were in their twenties. The study found that the managers’ levels of _____ decreased over their careers.
    A.autonomy
    B. ambition
    C. motivation
    D. dominance

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #36
 

37. If you measure self-esteem every day for two weeks, you are probably most interested in
    A.self-esteem level.
    B. self-esteem variability.
    C. possible selves.
    D. feared selves.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #37
 

38. Self-esteem variability is most correlated with
    A.self-esteem level.
    B. childhood temper tantrums.
    C. depression.
    D. activity level.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #38
 

39. A person who feels very good after receiving a compliment, but very bad after being insulted, would sore high on measures of
    A.self-esteem.
    B. self-esteem variability.
    C. activity level.
    D. both a and b.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #39
 

40. People who have high levels of self-esteem variability
    A.depend on others for their sense of self-worth.
    B. score high on measures of self-esteem level.
    C. score low on measures of self-esteem level.
    D. react positively to objectively defined negative events.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #40
 

41. Self-esteem variability appears to be strongly related to the extent to which one’s self-view can be influenced by
    A.levels of monoanalyse oxide.
    B. the outcome of social events.
    C. the mean level of self-esteem.
    D. the self-esteem of others in the environment.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #41
 

42. Kara is extremely sensitive to the feedback of other people. She most likely has a/an
    A.high level of self-esteem variability.
    B. overall low level of self-esteem.
    C. low mean level of self-esteem.
    D. extremely rigid sense of self-esteem.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #42
 

43. Which of the following is NOT a component of sensation seeking?
    A.Thrill and adventure seeking
    B. Disinhibition
    C. Sociability
    D. Boredom susceptibility

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #43
 

44. When does the trait of sensation seeking tend to peak?
    A.In early childhood.
    B. In late adolescence.
    C. In midlife.
    D. In late life.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #44
 

45. Women who score high on the femininity scale of the California Psychological Inventory (compared to low scorers) are more likely to
    A.remember an acquaintance’s birthday.
    B. take charge of a committee meeting.
    C. take the initiative in sexual encounters.
    D. demand equal social and political rights

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #45
 

46. A longitudinal study conducted of women who attended Mills College suggests that femininity (defined as being dependent, emotional, gentle, high-strung, etc.) decreases to become more masculine (defined as being assertive, confident, determined, independent, etc.) from ages
    A.13 to 20.
    B. 20 to 30.
    C. 30 to 40.
    D. 40 to 50.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #46
 

47. (p. 147)The trait of competence tends to _____ women.
    A. decrease with age among
    B. increase with age among
    C. remain unchanged with age among
    D. increase among married, but decrease among unmarried

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #47
 

48. Over time, trait scores of independence tended to increase for all women except
    A.divorced mothers.
    B. the nulliparous.
    C. working mothers.
    D. homemakers.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #48
 

49. The Mills College longitudinal study of women found that homemakers’ level of independence at age 21 versus that at age 43 suggests that
    A.being a homemaker requires much more independence than originally believed.
    B. homemakers’ independence scores are likely to change little with age.
    C. the roles women adopt are irrelevant to changes in independence.
    D. the role a college-educated woman has in life is irrelevant to changes in personality.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #49
 

50. _____ are defined as the social times in which people live.
    A.“Cohort effects”
    B. “Generational effects”
    C. “Historical byproducts”
    D. “Longitudinal effects”

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #50
 

51. The effects on individuals of living through the first gulf war is an example of
    A.cohort effects.
    B. generational effects.
    C. historical byproducts.
    D. longitudinal effects.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #51
 

52. American women in the 1930s were more _____ than women of the 1950s.
    A.sexually active
    B. self-sufficient
    C. passive
    D. resilient

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #52
 

53. American women’s scores for _____ rose from 1931 to 1945 and also from 1968 to 1993.
    A.domesticity
    B. level of education
    C. assertiveness
    D. sensation seeking

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #53
 

54. Which of the following has NOT been associated with marital satisfaction?
    A.The husband’s neuroticism
    B. The wife’s neuroticism
    C. The husband’s impulsivity
    D. The wife’s impulsivity

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #54
 

55. Twenge concluded from her studies of cohort effects from 1968 to 1993 that
    A.females internalized the social change and cultural messages of the era, and their personalities were molded by these messages.
    B. cohort effects are interesting to study historically, but of little relevance to personality psychology.
    C. social and cultural changes had only marginal effects on personality.
    D. the culture in which an individual is immersed is the major determinant of personality.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #55
 

56. “Personality coherence” refers to the predictable changes in
    A.the outcomes of personality factors over time.
    B. the mean level stability of personality traits.
    C. how much “common sense” a personality score makes.
    D. the effects of rank-order stability over time.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #56
 

57. Which of the following personality traits is one of the strongest predictors of divorce in the Kelly and Conley longitudinal study of married couples?
    A.High extraversion
    B. Low agreeableness
    C. High neuroticism
    D. Low conscientiousness

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #57
 

58. Husbands who score low on _____ have been found to be more likely to have extramarital affairs.
    A.neuroticism
    B. impulse control
    C. dominance
    D. extraversion

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #58
 

59. Individuals with a high level of _____ tend to cope better with the loss of a spouse.
    A.dominance
    B. impulse control
    C. neuroticism
    D. independence

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #59
 

60. Which of the following has been suggested as the key factor with the later development of alcoholism in men?
    A.High levels of neuroticism
    B. Low levels of neuroticism
    C. Low levels of impulse control
    D. High levels of impulse control

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #60
 

61. Which of the following has been associated with the later development of emotional disturbances in men?
    A.High levels of neuroticism
    B. Low levels of neuroticism
    C. Low levels of impulse control
    D. High levels of impulse control

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #61
 

62. Impulsivity in men has been associated with
    A.lower levels of marital satisfaction.
    B. alcoholism.
    C. lower levels of academic achievement.
    D. All of these.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #62
 

63. Which of the following does NOT predict later levels of marital satisfaction?
    A.Impulse control
    B. Childhood temper tantrums
    C. Neuroticism
    D. Sensation seeking

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #63
 

64. A study found that men who had many childhood temper tantrums later
    A.achieved higher levels of academic success.
    B. were more likely to be divorced.
    C. had more successful military careers.
    D. achieved great financial success.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #64
 

65. Men classified as being “explosive” children in a 40-year longitudinal study presented by Caspi and his colleagues in 1987 differed from the “nonexplosive” group by
    A.earning more promotions for valor.
    B. achieving lower military ranks.
    C. earning more medals for bravery.
    D. benefiting from military discipline.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #65
 

66. When people in marriages have similar personalities,
    A.they are more likely to divorce.
    B. their personalities remain more stable over time.
    C. their personalities change more over time.
    D. their personalities are neither more nor less likely to change over time.

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #66
 

67. _____ been associated with greater stability of personality over time.
    A.Marrying someone with a similar personality has
    B. Marrying someone with a very different personality has
    C. High levels of neuroticism have
    D. Low levels of neuroticism have

 

Larsen – Chapter 05 #67
 

 

 

c5 Summary

Category	# of Questions
Larsen – Chapter 05	67