Chapter 53: Vitamins and Minerals

Chapter 53: Vitamins and Minerals

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse is reviewing conditions caused by nutrient deficiencies. Conditions such as infantile rickets, tetany, and osteomalacia are caused by a deficiency in which vitamin or mineral?

a.	Vitamin D
b.	Vitamin C
c.	Zinc
d.	Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12)

 

 

ANS:  A

Infantile rickets, tetany, and osteomalacia are all a result of long-term vitamin D deficiency. The other options are incorrect.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Remembering (Knowledge)           REF:   p. 845

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

2. The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a patient undergoing therapy with vitamin A. Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for this patient?

a.	Impaired tissue integrity related to vitamin deficiency
b.	Risk for injury related to night blindness caused by vitamin deficiency
c.	Impaired physical mobility (muscle weakness) related to vitamin deficiency
d.	Acute confusion related to vitamin deficiency

 

 

ANS:  B

Vitamin A deficiency causes night blindness, so risk for injury is an appropriate nursing diagnosis. The other nursing diagnoses are not appropriate for patients receiving vitamin A.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   p. 857

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Nursing Diagnosis

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

3. A patient is on vitamin D supplemental therapy. The nurse will monitor for which signs of toxicity during this therapy?

a.	Tinnitus
b.	Anorexia
c.	Diarrhea
d.	Hypotension

 

 

ANS:  B

The toxic effects of vitamin D are those associated with hypertension, such as weakness, fatigue, headache, anorexia, dry mouth, metallic taste, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, ataxia, and bone pain. If not recognized and treated, these symptoms can progress to impairment of renal function and osteoporosis. The other options listed are not signs of vitamin D toxicity.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   p. 845

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

4. The nurse is counseling a patient about calcium supplements. Which dietary information is appropriate during this teaching session?

a.	“Take oral calcium supplements with meals.”
b.	“There are no drug interactions with calcium products.”
c.	“Avoid foods that are high in calcium, such as beef, egg yolks, and liver.”
d.	“Be sure to eat foods high in calcium, such as dairy products and salmon.”

 

 

ANS:  D

Foods high in calcium include dairy products, fortified cereals, calcium-fortified orange juice, sardines, and salmon. Patients can be encouraged to add dietary sources of calcium to their diets. Oral-dosage forms of calcium need to be given 1 to 3 hours after meals. Calcium salts will bind with tetracycline and quinolone antibiotics and result in an insoluble complex.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Analyzing (Analysis)                     REF:   p. 843 |pp. 857-858

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care