Chapter 68: Antiretroviral Medications

Chapter 68: Antiretroviral Medications

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. A female patient who is 8 weeks pregnant is seen by a primary care nurse practitioner (NP) after a routine prenatal screen was positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A CD4 cell count is 750 cells/mm. The NP should:

ANS:  B

Patients who are HIV positive and who are pregnant should be treated with antiretroviral medications, but treatment should be avoided during the first trimester if possible. Zidovudine is recommended and has been shown to reduce the risk of transmission to the fetus from 25% to 8%.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)                           REF:   732

2. A patient who has HIV has been receiving a two-drug combination therapy for 6 months. At an annual physical examination, the primary care NP notes that the patient has a viral load of 60 copies/mL and a CD4 cell count of 350 cells/mm. The NP should contact the patient’s infectious disease specialist to discuss:

ANS:  B

This patient has a high viral load and a low cell count. When changing medications, both medications should be changed.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)                           REF:   730

3. A primary care NP provides primary care for a woman who has HIV. The woman asks the NP if she will ever be able to have children. The NP should tell her:

ANS:  D

Antiretroviral therapy reduces, but does not eliminate, the risk of transmitting HIV to the fetus. Antiretroviral therapy medications may be taken during pregnancy. Women with HIV should not breastfeed because of the high risk of transmission.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying (Application)                           REF:   732