Chapter 11. Nursing Care of Patients With Cancer

Chapter 11. Nursing Care of Patients With Cancer

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

 

____     1.   The nurse is reviewing the function of DNA and RNA with a group of students. Which structure should the nurse explain as providing the genetic code for a gene?

a.	Cell
b.	Protein
c.	Piece of DNA
d.	Piece of RNA

 

 

____     2.   A patient with lung cancer is receiving chemotherapy. Why should the nurse closely monitor the patient’s white blood cell (WBC) count?

a.	Chemotherapy drugs cause polycythemia and can precipitate thrombosis.
b.	Chemotherapy drugs attack WBCs and shorten their life span, which increases risk for infection.
c.	Chemotherapy drugs cause proliferation of blood cells, which can lead to sluggish circulation.
d.	Chemotherapy drugs depress the bone marrow, which can lead to infection and an increase in WBC count.

 

 

____     3.   A patient asks what dietary changes can be made to help protect against cancer. The nurse should base his or her response to the patient’s question on which of the following?

a.	Reduced dietary fat intake can lower cancer risk.
b.	Reduced dietary salt intake reduces malignancy development.
c.	Increased intake of beef and poultry decrease the risk of malignancy.
d.	Increased intake of milk products will lower risk of cancer development.

 

 

____     4.   A patient is diagnosed with a malignant tumor of the bone. Which term should the nurse consider when documenting this patient’s health problem?

a.	Sarcoma
b.	Osteoma
c.	Adenoma
d.	Carcinoma

 

 

____     5.   A patient who has been treated for breast cancer is undergoing routine laboratory work. Which laboratory finding would cause the nurse to be most concerned about metastasis?

a.	Elevated serum calcium
b.	Decreased serum calcium
c.	Elevated serum potassium
d.	Decreased serum potassium

Answer Section

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. ANS:  B
2. Specific regions of DNA are called genes; a gene is the code for one protein. The genetic code of DNA is the code for the amino acid sequences needed to synthesize a cell’s proteins. C. A complimentary copy of the DNA’s gene is made by a molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA). A. The mRNA then moves to the cytoplasm of the cell and attaches to the ribosomes. D. Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring the necessary amino acids to the proper places on the mRNA molecule, and enzymes of the ribosomes catalyze the formation of peptide bonds to link the amino acids into the primary structure of a protein.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Moderate

KEY:  Client Need: Physiological Integrity—Reduction of Risk Potential | Cognitive Level: Application

 

2. ANS:  D
3. Chemotherapy is toxic to the bone marrow, where the blood cells are produced. Numbers of blood cells, especially WBCs, drop after approximately 7 to 14 days, depending on the drug. A. Chemotherapy is more likely to cause bleeding because of lack of platelets, not thrombosis. B. Chemotherapy does not directly attack WBCs. C. Chemotherapy does not cause proliferation of cells, although excess immature cells may be present.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Moderate

KEY:  Client Need: Physiological Integrity—Reduction of Risk Potential | Cognitive Level: Application

 

3. ANS:  A
4. Diet is a large factor in both cause and prevention of malignancies. People who eat high-fat, low-fiber diets are more prone to develop colon cancers. High-fat diets are linked to breast cancer in women and prostate cancer in men. B. Reduced salt intake reduces blood pressure and fluid retention, not cancer. C. D. Increased intake of milk, beef, and poultry will not lower cancer risk.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Moderate

KEY:  Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Application

 

4. ANS:  A
5. Cancer cells affecting connective tissue, including fat, the sheath that contains nerves, cartilage, muscle, and bone, are called sarcomas. B. Osteomas are benign. C. Adenomas originate from glandular tissue. D. Neoplasms occurring in the epithelial cells are called carcinomas.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Moderate

KEY:  Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment—Management of Care | Cognitive Level: Application

 

5. ANS:  A
6. Hypercalcemia is associated with the release of calcium into the blood from bone deterioration related to metastasis and is common in patients with metastasis; it often occurs with breast cancer. B. A drop in calcium level does not indicate bone metastasis. C. D. Potassium imbalances are not commonly associated with metastasis.

 

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Moderate