Chapter 11. Nursing Care of Patients With Cancer

Chapter 11. Nursing Care of Patients With Cancer

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

Multiple Choice

Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____     1.   The nurse is reviewing the function of DNA and RNA with a group of students. Which structure should the nurse explain as providing the genetic code for a gene?

____     2.   A patient with lung cancer is receiving chemotherapy. Why should the nurse closely monitor the patient’s white blood cell (WBC) count?

____     3.   A patient asks what dietary changes can be made to help protect against cancer. The nurse should base his or her response to the patient’s question on which of the following?

____     4.   A patient is diagnosed with a malignant tumor of the bone. Which term should the nurse consider when documenting this patient’s health problem?

____     5.   A patient who has been treated for breast cancer is undergoing routine laboratory work. Which laboratory finding would cause the nurse to be most concerned about metastasis?

Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS:  B
2. Specific regions of DNA are called genes; a gene is the code for one protein. The genetic code of DNA is the code for the amino acid sequences needed to synthesize a cell’s proteins. C. A complimentary copy of the DNA’s gene is made by a molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA). A. The mRNA then moves to the cytoplasm of the cell and attaches to the ribosomes. D. Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring the necessary amino acids to the proper places on the mRNA molecule, and enzymes of the ribosomes catalyze the formation of peptide bonds to link the amino acids into the primary structure of a protein.

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Moderate

KEY:  Client Need: Physiological Integrity—Reduction of Risk Potential | Cognitive Level: Application

2. ANS:  D
3. Chemotherapy is toxic to the bone marrow, where the blood cells are produced. Numbers of blood cells, especially WBCs, drop after approximately 7 to 14 days, depending on the drug. A. Chemotherapy is more likely to cause bleeding because of lack of platelets, not thrombosis. B. Chemotherapy does not directly attack WBCs. C. Chemotherapy does not cause proliferation of cells, although excess immature cells may be present.

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Moderate

KEY:  Client Need: Physiological Integrity—Reduction of Risk Potential | Cognitive Level: Application

3. ANS:  A
4. Diet is a large factor in both cause and prevention of malignancies. People who eat high-fat, low-fiber diets are more prone to develop colon cancers. High-fat diets are linked to breast cancer in women and prostate cancer in men. B. Reduced salt intake reduces blood pressure and fluid retention, not cancer. C. D. Increased intake of milk, beef, and poultry will not lower cancer risk.

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Moderate

KEY:  Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance | Cognitive Level: Application

4. ANS:  A
5. Cancer cells affecting connective tissue, including fat, the sheath that contains nerves, cartilage, muscle, and bone, are called sarcomas. B. Osteomas are benign. C. Adenomas originate from glandular tissue. D. Neoplasms occurring in the epithelial cells are called carcinomas.

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Moderate

KEY:  Client Need: Safe and Effective Care Environment—Management of Care | Cognitive Level: Application

5. ANS:  A
6. Hypercalcemia is associated with the release of calcium into the blood from bone deterioration related to metastasis and is common in patients with metastasis; it often occurs with breast cancer. B. A drop in calcium level does not indicate bone metastasis. C. D. Potassium imbalances are not commonly associated with metastasis.

PTS:   1                    DIF:    Moderate