ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES FOR COUNSELORS AND HELPING PROFESSIONALS 8E ROBERT J. DRUMMOND – TEST BANK

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Sample Questions Are Posted Below

Chapter 2: Methods and Sources of Assessment Information

Introduction

Assessment Methods and Sources

Formal and Informal Assessment Instruments and Strategies

The Initial Interview

Degrees of Structure in Interviews

Structured Interviews

Semi-Structured Interviews

Unstructured Interviews

Interview Guidelines

Tests

Categories of Tests

Area of Assessment

Standardized and Non-Standardized Tests

Individual and Group Tests

Maximum-Performance and Typical-Performance Tests

Verbal and Nonverbal Tests

Objective and Subjective Tests

Other Terminology

Participants in the Testing Process

Computer-Based Tests

Observation

Formal and Informal Observation

Direct and Indirect Observation

Natural and Contrived Settings

Unobtrusive and Participant Observation

Methods of Recording Observations

Event Recording

Duration Recording

Time Sampling

Rating Scales

Anecdotal Records

Self-Monitoring

Collateral Sources

Summary

Questions for Discussion

Suggested Activities

References

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The primary purpose of an interview is to
2. help reduce a client’s emotional distress
3. promote behavior change
4. work through crises
5. obtain relevant information and determine the interviewee’s problem

2. Which of the following is true about an unstructured interview?
3. The interviewer is free to ask questions about whatever he or she feels is relevant
4. The interview does not follow an agenda
5. It has strong reliability and validity
6. It relies on a set of specified questions

3. Which of the following is an important guideline for a successful interview?
4. Describe confidentiality and the limits of confidentiality within the interview
5. Be alert to nonverbal behavior
6. Ask open-ended questions first
7. all of the above

4. Which of the following is the most frequent type of interview used by practicing counselors?
5. open-ended
6. unstructured
7. semi-structured
8. structured

5. Karen is a mental health counseling student who is working on a research project with one of her professors. As part of this research, she is required to interview prospective participants. Karen has a list of fifteen specific questions that she must ask in the same order with each participant. What type of interview is Karen most likely using?
6. open-ended
7. unstructured
8. semi-structured
9. structured

6. A test that measures and individual’s verbal ability, abstract reasoning, and memory would be best described as a(n)
7. personality test
8. achievement test
9. intelligence test
10. aptitude test

7. The most thorough way that counselors should assess an individual is by using
8. standardized tests
9. interviews
10. observations
11. multiple methods

8. Which of the following is the best example of a nonstandardized test?
9. A multiple-choice test created by a teacher to assess how well her students learned the material covered throughout the semester
10. An intelligence test used to assess for gifted placement in schools
11. The Graduate Record Exam (GRE) used for admission to graduate school
12. A well-researched depression inventory (e.g., Beck Depression Inventory) used to assess for depression in clients

9. _________________________ tests are used to appraise some aspect of a person’s knowledge, skills, or abilities.
10. Maximum-performance
11. Typical-performance
12. Objective
13. Subjective

10. An ______________________ contains selected-response items, each of which contains a single correct or best answer.
11. Maximum-performance
12. Typical-performance
13. Objective
14. Subjective

11. Tests that are non-evaluative are most likely to measure an individual’s ___?
12. skills
13. ability
14. knowledge
15. attitudes

12. Which of the following is most likely to be concerned with using the results of a test to make clinical decisions?
13. test user
14. test developer
15. test reviewer
16. test publisher

13. An agency director who is concerned with the agency’s budget is most likely to consult the _______ when evaluating the cost of a specific test?
14. research literature
15. test manual
16. test references
17. test publisher’s catalogue

14. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of a computer-based test?
15. It can be used by all test takers
16. It is cost-effective
17. It has a flexible administration schedule
18. It provides immediate scoring and results interpretation

15. Sue, a school counselor is observing a student’s behavior in the classroom. She is monitoring how often the student gets out of his seat while working on a class activity. In order to record this behavior, Sue makes a check mark on a tally sheet and counts how many times the student got out of his seat. Which observation recording method is Sue using?
16. duration recording
17. time sampling
18. event recording
19. self-monitoring

16. When a test accurately measures what it is intended to measure it is said to have sound
17. cost-effectiveness
18. reliability
19. consistency
20. validity

17. While selecting a test to use in his private practice, Kent discovered that a particular test was not very consistent or stable over time. In other words, a test-taker’s score varied each time he or she took it. Kent can most likely infer that:
18. the test is biased
19. the test has a poor evidence of validity
20. the test makers did not use an appropriate norming sample
21. the test has poor evidence of reliability

18. Evadne, a teacher at an elementary school is completing a rating scale for one her students. The teacher has often complained about the student to the school counselor, leaving a bad impression about the student on the school counselor. Which of the following rating scale errors is most likely to occur?
19. severity
20. negative halo
21. social desirability
22. response deviance
23. All of the following are forms of collateral sources of information except:
24. self-monitoring
25. rating scale completed by a parent
26. school records
27. interview with a teacher

20. Jacqueline, a school psychologist, is observing a child in her classroom. Jacqueline is completing a structured checklist of the child’s disruptive behaviors while the child is interacting with peers. What best describes the type of observation Jacqueline is doing?
21. direct, naturalistic, and obtrusive
22. direct, naturalistic, and unobtrusive
23. direct, contrived, and unobtrusive
24. direct, contrived, and obtrusive

Chapter 2 Essay Questions

1. Discuss the different categories of interviews. Describe some of the advantages and disadvantages of each type.

2. Discuss some of the purposes of using tests in assessment. Provide examples of situations where testing may be used.

3. Imagine that you are working in your future profession. In what situation might you conduct an observation? Describe a hypothetical observation and the observation method you would use.

4. Identify and describe the three primary sources of collateral information. Give examples of each source. Describe a situation that illustrates the use of collateral information in the assessment process.