ASTRO 2ND EDITION SHOHINI GHOSE - Test Bank Instant Download - Complete Test Bank With Answers Sample Questions Are Posted Below 1. How can the density of the Sun be measured? a. by using the density of hydrogen as measured on Earth b. by analysing samples of the solar wind …
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ASTRO 2ND EDITION SHOHINI GHOSE – Test Bank
Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
1. How can the density of the Sun be measured?
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2. Which two quantities are needed to calculate density of any object?
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3. What is the definition of Absolute Zero?
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4. The temperature of an object is 273K. What is the temperature in degrees Celsius?
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5. The temperature of an object is 373K. What is the temperature in degrees Celsius?
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6. The temperature of an object is 100K. What is the temperature in degrees Celsius?
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7. What makes up the neutral hydrogen atom?
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8. What is the temperature of an object from which no heat energy can be extracted?
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9. Summer temperatures on Mars can reach 310 K. How would humans deal with such a temperature on Earth?
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10. Which of the following contains two or more atoms that are bound together by exchanging or sharing electrons with each other?
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11. The surface temperature of the Sun is about 5800K. Based on this temperature, what is the expected peak wavelength of radiation?
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12. What does a non-ionized atom always contain?
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13. Which of the following measures the average speed of the particles (atoms or molecules) in a gas?
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| Spectra |
14. A plot of the continuous spectra of four different stars is shown in the figure. Based on these spectra, which of the stars is the hottest?
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15. A plot of the continuous spectra of four different stars is shown in the figure. Based on these spectra, which of the stars has the lowest temperature?
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16. The Sun emits its maximum intensity of light at about 520 nm. According to Wien’s Law, at what wavelength would the maximum intensity be for a star with a surface temperature twice that of the Sun?
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17. The Sun emits its maximum intensity of light at about 520 nm. According to Wien’s Law, what would the temperature of a star that emits its maximum intensity at 1040 nm be?
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18. What is the sequence of star colours in order of increasing temperature?
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19. The Stefan-Boltzmann law says that hot objects emit energy proportional to the fourth power of their temperature. One star has a temperature of 30,000 K and another star has a temperature of 6,000 K. Compared to the cooler star, how much more energy per second will the hotter star radiate from each square metre of its surface?
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20. Is it possible for a red star to emit more energy than a blue star?
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21. The Sun contains a lot of hot gas, so why do we observe an absorption spectrum rather than an emission spectrum from it?
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22. How is it possible that you could fly a very-well-insulated spaceship through the Sun’s photosphere?
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23. Where does most of the visible light we see coming from the Sun originate?
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24. What is the explanation for the pattern of granulation seen on the visible surface of the Sun?
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25. What is the phase of matter in the Sun?
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26. How does gas move within granules on the solar surface?
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27. What is found in the centres of granules?
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28. What causes granulation?
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29. What is responsible for binding the electrons to the nucleus?
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30. What is the binding energy?
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31. What is the process of removing an electron from a stable nucleus called?
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32. Which of the following is a set of rules that describes how atoms and subatomic particles behave?
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33. What is the term for atoms that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons?
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34. If you move an electron from a lower energy level to a higher energy level within an atom, how would you describe that atom?
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35. What causes an atom to become excited?
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| Photon |
36. In the diagram, which of the transitions would absorb a photon with the least energy (longest wavelength)?
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37. In the diagram, which of the transitions would absorb a photon with the greatest energy (shortest wavelength)?
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38. What state must an atom be in for it to emit a photon?
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39. What is the lowest energy level in an atom called?
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40. The energy of the first level in an atom is 2.2×10-18 J, and the energy of the second energy level is 1.6×10-18 J. What is the energy of the photon that is emitted if an electron moves from the second level to the first?
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41. You are standing near a railway track and a train is moving toward you at 100 kph and blowing its whistle. What will you notice as the train moves past you?
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42. The Doppler effect means that the motion of a object affects the light emitted from it. What result does the Doppler effect cause?
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43. What everyday object is an example of a place where electrons jump through energy levels and emit energy?
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44. A certain spectral line of hydrogen has a wavelength of 410.2 nm when observed in the laboratory. If the same line appears in a star’s spectrum at 410.0 nm, what can you conclude about the motion of the star?
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45. The Hγ line has a wavelength of 434.0 nm when observed in the laboratory. If the Hγ line appears in a the spectrum of a star moving away from you, at what wavelength will you observe the line?
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46. Which of the following is a plausible example of a Doppler blueshift?
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47. Which of the following can be measured by using the Doppler Effect?
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| Light |
48. The diagram illustrates a light source, a gas cloud, and three different lines of sight (the observer is located at the numbered positions). Along which line of sight would an observer see an absorption spectrum?
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49. The diagram illustrates a light source, a gas cloud, and three different lines of sight (the observer is located at the numbered positions). Along which line of sight would an observer see a continuous spectrum?
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50. The diagram illustrates a light source, a gas cloud, and three different lines of sight (the observer is located at the numbered positions). Along which line of sight would an observer see an emission spectrum?
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51. What is the term for the absorption lines in the visible portion of the spectrum of a star that are produced by hydrogen?
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52. What are the three layers of the Sun’s atmosphere, in order of increasing distance from the surface?
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53. Which of the following can be determined from the spectrum of a star, without additional information?
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54. Why does each element have its own set of characteristic absorption lines?
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55. Why is Cecilia Payne’s Ph.D. thesis sometimes called “the most important in astronomy”?
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56. Would you expect to see hydrogen Balmer lines in the spectra of stars with temperatures of 3200 K?
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57. Would you expect to see hydrogen Balmer lines in the spectra of stars with temperatures of 45,000 K?
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58. What are the two most abundant elements in the Sun?
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| Sun |
59. The diagram shows a plot of the temperature of the Sun as a function of distance above the bottom of the photosphere. At what distance above the bottom of the photosphere does the temperature of the Sun change the most rapidly with distance?
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60. The diagram shows a plot of the temperature of the Sun as a function of distance above the bottom of the photosphere. What is the temperature of the Sun at a height of 2,000 km?
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61. The diagram shows a plot of the temperature of the Sun as a function of distance above the bottom of the photosphere. At what height above the bottom of the photosphere is the temperature of the Sun the coolest?
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62. As the Moon covers the solar disk during a solar eclipse, a flash spectrum of the Sun’s chromosphere can be recorded. This flash spectrum reveals an emission spectrum and provides information on the properties of the chromosphere. As the Moon moves from the inner chromosphere to the outer chromosphere, the spectral lines present in the flash spectrum change. What is going on in the chromosphere as the distance from the photosphere increases that produces the changes in the flash spectrum?
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63. Which of the following describes the kind of light used to produce a filtergram, a photograph of the Sun’s surface?
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64. Which of the following is a property of the Sun’s chromosphere?
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65. Where are spicules most easily visible?
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66. What has a negative charge and a mass about 1800 times smaller than a proton?
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67. Which of the following is the term for the hot gases that are the moving extension of the Sun’s corona?
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68. What do astronomers believe heats up the corona and chromosphere of the Sun?
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69. How can the corona of the Sun be observed?
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70. What does helioseismology measure?
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71. What is differential rotation of the Sun?
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72. What occurs when a rapidly rotating conductor is stirred by convection to produce a magnetic field?
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73. What pattern of movement is found in the rotation of the Sun’s photosphere?
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74. Why is the temperature at the region of a sunspot cooler than the photosphere?
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75. Where are sunspots found during a sunspot maximum?
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76. Which of the following is affected by the sunspot cycle?
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77. How do we know that sunspots are magnetic phenomena?
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78. Why do sunspots appear dark?
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79. A recent sunspot maximum occurred in 2001. What would you predict would be the year of the sunspot maximum that immediately follows the 2001 maximum if the solar cycle continues?
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80. What is (are) produced by atomic transitions in the presence of a strong magnetic field?
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81. Which of the following coincided with the period known as the “little ice age” of Europe and North America?
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82. What can astronomers use to measure magnetic fields on the Sun?
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83. What phenomena show evidence of the Sun’s magnetic field in their looped shapes?
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84. The chromosphere and corona above sunspots are violently disturbed. Which of the following terms best describes these regions?
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85. Canada consumes about 2.0 × 1018 J of energy each year. A typical solar flare releases 5.0 × 1024 J of energy. How many years could Canada run on the energy released by this solar flare, if all of the released energy could be used?
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86. Which of the following occur when energy in the solar wind guided by the Earth’s magnetic field excites gases in the Earth’s upper atmosphere?
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87. What is believed to result from energy that has been stored in a twist in the solar magnetic field above a sunspot suddenly being released?
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88. ____________________ is a measure of the amount of energy due to the motion of the particles in a gas, liquid, or solid.
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89. The ____________________ of a star can be determined from its colour.
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90. If one star has a temperature of 4,000 K and another star has a temperature of 40,000 K, how much more energy per second will the hotter star radiate from each square metre of its surface? ____________________
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91. The peak wavelength in the continuum emission spectrum of a body is inversely proportional to its ____________________.
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92. Most of the light we see coming from the Sun originates in the ____________________.
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93. The process of removing an electron from a stable nucleus is known as ____________________.
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94. In the diagram, draw the transition that would emit a photon with the smallest wavelength.
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95. When the electrons in an atom are in their lowest possible energy levels, the atom is said to be in its ____________________ state.
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96. The ____________________ of the Sun is composed of ionized gas and produces a continuous spectrum with a superimposed emission spectrum.
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97. The study of the oscillations of the surface and interior of the Sun is known as ____________________.
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98. The dynamo effect is believed to produce the ____________________ of the Sun.
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99. The ____________________ shows that sunspots are associated with magnetic activity.
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100. Blue stars are hotter than red stars.
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101. Isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons.
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102. Hydrogen alpha is the longest wavelength Balmer line.
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103. An absorption spectrum is also called a bright line spectrum.
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104. The Doppler effect is sensitive only to motion along the line of sight.
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105. An atom that has lost an electron is called an ion.
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106. The Lyman series lines of hydrogen all lie in the infrared.
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107. Hydrogen lines are weak in the spectra of hot stars because many of the hydrogen atoms are ionized.
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108. The hotter an object, the more blue it appears.
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109. An atom is ionized if one of its electrons jumps to a higher energy level in the atom.
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110. Most of the visible light from the Sun originates in the photosphere.
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111. In the Sun, rising currents of hot gas below the photosphere cause granulation.
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112. Helioseismology is the study of the differential rotation and magnetic fields of the Sun.
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113. A filtergram is used to study layers below the photosphere.
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114. The chromosphere of the Sun has a higher temperature than the photosphere.
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115. The Zeeman effect shows that sunspots contain magnetic fields.
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116. Sunspots are hotter than the photosphere.
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117. The Babcock model employs differential rotation of the solar surface and a magnetic dynamo to describe the formation of sunspots.
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118. Solar flares have no known effect on the Earth.
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119. Solar prominences have twisted and looped shapes because of the solar magnetic field.
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120. The Sun appears to rotate only because the Earth is revolving about the Sun.
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121. The most abundant element in the Sun is oxygen.
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122. The cooler an object, the more blue it appears.
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123. Sunspots often appear in pairs.
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124. Describe the appearance of each of the three types of spectra described by Kirchhoff’s laws. Describe how each of the three types of spectra is formed.
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125. Describe two methods that can be used to determine the temperature of a star.
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126. Why do molecular bands only occur in the spectra of the coolest stars?
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127. Why are the Balmer lines weak in the spectra of hot and cool stars, but strong in the spectra of intermediate temperature stars?
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128. Why should photons emitted by a hotter gas have, on average, shorter wavelengths than photons emitted by a cooler gas?
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129. Describe two ways in which an atom can be excited.
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130. What would the spectrum of hydrogen look like if we could see into the ultraviolet?
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131. If a star’s spectrum does not contain spectral lines characteristic of a certain element, can we conclude that the star does not contain that element? Why or why not?
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132. Explain why the presence of spectral lines of a given element in the solar spectrum tells us that the element is present in the Sun, but the absence of the lines would not mean the element was absent from the Sun.
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133. What does granulation tell us about the layers below the Sun’s photosphere?
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134. Why does a filtergram reveal details in higher layers of the solar atmosphere?
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135. What evidence do we have that the chromosphere is hotter than the photosphere?
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136. What is the solar wind, and how does it affect objects in the solar system?
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137. What evidence do we have that the sunspots are magnetic?
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138. What is the Babcock model?
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139. How does the Sun’s magnetic cycle affect the number, location, and polarity of sunspots?
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140. What is the Maunder minimum? Describe.
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141. What effect does solar activity have on the Earth?
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Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
Original price was: $30.00.$20.00Current price is: $20.00.
