Biology Science For Life With Physiology 4th Edition by Belk - Test Bank

Biology Science For Life With Physiology 4th Edition by Belk – Test Bank

 

Instant Download – Complete Test Bank With Answers

 

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

 

Biology: Science for Life with Physiology, 4e (Belk)

Chapter 5   Life in the Greenhouse: Photosynthesis and Global Warming

 

1) Almost all scientists believe that the global warming observed over the past 100 years has been caused by elevated levels of gases in the atmosphere. Which of the following gases is primarily responsible for this problem?

1. A) carbon dioxide
2. B) nitrous oxide
3. C) oxygen
4. D) ozone

Answer:  A

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Factual

 

2) Which of these human activities has directly contributed to global warming?

1. A) burning of coal
2. B) building of greenhouses
3. C) planting of trees
4. D) development of solar energy

Answer:  A

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Conceptual

 

3) Which of the following is considered a greenhouse gas?

1. A) water vapor
2. B) carbon monoxide
3. C) gaseous nitrogen
4. D) nitrous oxide

Answer:  A

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Factual

 

4) The greenhouse effect is most similar to

1. A) heating up the air inside a car by parking it in the sun.
2. B) warming the air for a hot-air balloon with a propane burner.
3. C) burning kerosene in a heater to warm up the air inside a cold house.
4. D) growing plants in your office to reduce indoor air pollution.

Answer:  A

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Conceptual

 

5) How does the greenhouse effect work?

1. A) Rocks, soil, and water on Earth’s surface absorb sunlight energy and radiate it as heat.
2. B) The energy from sunlight passes through the transparent water of the oceans and heats up the Earth’s core.
3. C) Some sunlight energy that hits Earth radiates toward space, but some is trapped by atmospheric gases.
4. D) All the sunlight energy striking Earth bounces off the planet and radiates into space.

Answer:  C

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Conceptual

 

6) Which of the following statements about the greenhouse effect is true?

1. A) Most life on Earth relies upon the hospitable temperatures resulting from the greenhouse effect.
2. B) The greenhouse effect is a dangerous phenomenon that should be stopped as soon as possible.
3. C) The greenhouse effect results from the presence of oxygen in the atmosphere.
4. D) Global warming is likely the result of a lessening of the greenhouse effect.

Answer:  A

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Conceptual

 

7) The planet Mercury is closer to the sun than the planet Venus. However, temperatures on Venus are hotter than temperatures on Mercury. Why would this be the case?

1. A) Mercury has a thicker atmosphere than Venus that blocks heat from the sun.
2. B) Mercury spins more quickly than Venus, so its surface cannot heat up as quickly.
3. C) Venus has a thicker atmosphere than Mercury that traps heat from the sun.
4. D) Venus is cooled by high concentrations of water vapor in its atmosphere.

Answer:  C

Diff: 3

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Applied

 

8) How would Earth change if the greenhouse effect didn’t exist at all?

1. A) Without the greenhouse effect, Earth would radiate all its heat into space.
2. B) All the incoming sunlight energy would be absorbed without the greenhouse effect.
3. C) The result of no greenhouse effect would be an extremely hot planet that never cools down.
4. D) Animals and plants would survive comfortably, and the average temperature would never change if the greenhouse effect did not exist.

Answer:  A

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Applied

 

9) Heat is a measure of

1. A) the rate that molecules are moving within a substance.
2. B) the resistance to temperature change within a substance.
3. C) the ability of a substance to transfer energy between its molecules.
4. D) the total amount of energy associated with the movement of molecules in a substance.

Answer:  D

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Factual

 

10) Temperature is a measure of

1. A) the potential energy in a substance.
2. B) how fast the molecules in a substance are moving.
3. C) the energy lost from a substance to its surroundings.
4. D) how much heat is being absorbed by a substance.

Answer:  B

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Factual

 

11) Which of the following is most likely to contain the most heat overall?

1. A) a cup of coffee that is 140 degrees F
2. B) a person that is 98.6 degrees F
3. C) a large lake filled with water that is 72 degrees F
4. D) a smoldering campfire ember that is 400 degrees F

Answer:  C

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Conceptual

 

12) What happens when water is heated?

1. A) It’s broken into hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
2. B) New hydrogen bonds are created between water molecules.
3. C) Hydrogen bonds between water molecules are broken.
4. D) Hydrogen atoms jump from one water molecule to another water molecule.

Answer:  C

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Factual

13) What process occurs as individual water molecules move fast enough to rise into the air as water vapor?

1. A) condensation
2. B) combustion
3. C) evaporation
4. D) precipitation

Answer:  C

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Conceptual

 

14) Which of these processes of the water cycle releases heat into the atmosphere?

1. A) condensation
2. B) runoff
3. C) evaporation
4. D) ground-water discharge

Answer:  A

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Conceptual

 

15) Why is water so important in controlling Earth’s climate?

1. A) Water vapor is one of the greenhouse gases that allows the release of heat into space.
2. B) The water in oceans and lakes stores the energy radiated by the sun and releases it slowly.
3. C) Water warms up quickly when very little energy is added to it.
4. D) The evaporation of water from oceans and lakes cools the temperature of the continents.

Answer:  B

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Conceptual

 

16) Why does sweating cool you off?

1. A) The water in sweat, as it is secreted from skin glands, is cooler than your body temperature.
2. B) Heat is taken up from your skin by the water in the sweat.
3. C) Water in sweat contains hydrogen bonds that react with skin cells and removes excess heat from the skin.
4. D) Sweat contains a combination of chemicals that react with salt on the skin to create a heat-absorbing substance.

Answer:  B

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Applied

17) Which of these would be the most likely effect on precipitation from global warming?

1. A) an increase in the months of snowfall in higher latitudes
2. B) a decrease in the amount of snowfall on mountaintops
3. C) an increase in the amount of rainfall in every climate
4. D) a decrease in the amount of rainfall near oceans

Answer:  B

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Applied

 

 

18) When are the most hydrogen bonds likely to reform between water molecules in a lake?

1. A) in the late morning
2. B) at noon
3. C) in the late afternoon
4. D) at night

Answer:  D

Diff: 3

Topic:  5.1

Skill:  Applied

 

19) Which of these emits carbon dioxide into the atmosphere?

1. A) green plants
2. B) volcanoes
3. C) soil
4. D) water

Answer:  B

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.2

Skill:  Factual

 

20) During the water cycle, water evaporates from plants through a process called transpiration. Which of these is a similar process during the carbon cycle?

1. A) Carbon dioxide is absorbed by soils.
2. B) Carbon-based sugars are ingested by animals.
3. C) Carbon dioxide is respired by animals.
4. D) Carbon dioxide is absorbed by plants and converted to sugars.

Answer:  C

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.2

Skill:  Conceptual

21) Which of these is a fossil fuel?

1. A) vegetable oil
2. B) coal
3. C) hydrogen gas
4. D) wood

Answer:  B

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.2

Skill:  Factual

 

22) What are fossil fuels?

1. A) carbon-rich remains of plants and microorganisms
2. B) underground deposits of carbon dioxide
3. C) accumulations of partially decomposed dinosaurs
4. D) timber from old-growth forests

Answer:  A

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.2

Skill:  Factual

 

23) Fossil fuels form from the unconsumed ________ of dead organisms.

Answer:  carbohydrates

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.2

Skill:  Factual

 

24) The plants that made up fossil fuels lived around ________ years ago.

1. A) 300,000,000,000
2. B) 300,000,000
3. C) 300,000
4. D) 30,000

Answer:  B

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.2

Skill:  Conceptual

 

25) Where does most of the carbon dioxide released by human activities come from?

1. A) exhaling (cellular respiration waste products)
2. B) decomposing garbage in landfills
3. C) burning wood for cooking fires
4. D) burning fossil fuels

Answer:  D

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.2

Skill:  Factual

26) What can happen to the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

1. A) It can be released into space from the atmosphere.
2. B) It can be converted to glucose by plants.
3. C) It can be converted into carbon monoxide by the oceans.
4. D) It can react with nitrogen to form fossil fuels.

Answer:  B

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.2

Skill:  Conceptual

 

27) Which of the following is a true statement about carbon and the carbon cycle?

1. A) There is a one-way flow of carbon from volcanoes to plants to herbivores to carnivores and, finally, to the atmosphere.
2. B) Carbon is recycled among plants, animals, water, soil, and the atmosphere.
3. C) Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the only carbon-containing compound involved in the carbon cycle.
4. D) Carbon is recycled in a general sense, but once carbon dioxide is exhaled from animals, it can only enter the atmosphere, where it’s trapped and adds to the greenhouse effect.

Answer:  B

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.2

Skill:  Conceptual

 

 

28) On Earth, ________ is/are the largest reservoir of carbon dioxide and heat.

1. A) the atmosphere
2. B) the oceans
3. C) animal bodies
4. D) fossil fuels

Answer:  B

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.2

Skill:  Factual

 

29) According to scientists, how do the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere today compare to the past 400,000 years?

1. A) There’s more atmospheric carbon dioxide today.
2. B) There’s less atmospheric carbon dioxide today.
3. C) There have been no changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.
4. D) Atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have fluctuated randomly.

Answer:  A

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.2

Skill:  Factual

 

30) According to the graph, by how many parts per million has the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide changed between 1980 and 2010?

1. A) about 20 ppm
2. B) about 50 ppm
3. C) about 80 ppm
4. D) about 110 ppm

Answer:  B

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.2

Skill:  Applied

 

31) How do scientists “know” the atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide that existed on Earth hundreds or thousands of years ago?

1. A) They deduce it from the carbon dioxide content of fossil fuels.
2. B) They measure it from bubbles of gas trapped in Antarctic ice.
3. C) They estimate it from the relative numbers of carbon-based life forms that existed over time.
4. D) They measure it from erupting volcanoes, bubbling hot springs, and seeping hydrothermal vents.

Answer:  B

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.2

Skill:  Factual

32) What relationship has been shown by the data from Antarctic ice cores?

1. A) a positive correlation between carbon dioxide concentration and ice core temperature
2. B) a negative correlation between carbon dioxide concentration and ice core temperature
3. C) no correlation between carbon dioxide concentration and ice core temperature
4. D) a confusing relationship between carbon dioxide concentration and ice core temperature

Answer:  A

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.2

Skill:  Factual

 

33) The process by which carbon dioxide and water are converted to glucose and oxygen is called

1. A) photosynthesis.
2. B) cellular respiration.
3. C) glycolysis.
4. D) fermentation.

Answer:  A

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Factual

 

34) The process of photosynthesis transforms solar energy into ________ energy.

1. A) chemical
2. B) mechanical
3. C) heat
4. D) kinetic

Answer:  A

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Factual

 

35) Photosynthesis takes place inside a specialized organelle called a ________.

Answer:  chloroplast

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Factual

36) Each chloroplast is surrounded by how many membranes?

1. A) 1
2. B) 2
3. C) 3
4. D) 4

Answer:  B

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Factual

 

37) Which of these increases the amount of surface area that is available for photosynthesis inside the chloroplast?

1. A) stroma
2. B) chlorophyll
3. C) envelope
4. D) thylakoid

Answer:  D

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Factual

 

 

38) The thick fluid found inside chloroplasts is known as

1. A) grana.
2. B) stroma.
3. C) chlorophyll.
4. D) thylakoids.

Answer:  B

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Factual

 

39) According to the graph, the chlorophyll pigments found in green leaves are best at absorbing which of these wavelengths of light?

1. A) 520 nm
2. B) 560 nm
3. C) 620 nm
4. D) 680 nm

Answer:  D

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Applied

 

40) Which of the following is the proper equation for photosynthesis?

1. A) 6CO2+ 6O2 + sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6H2O
2. B) 6H2O + 6CO2+ sunlight → C6H12O6+ 6O2
3. C) C6H12O6+ 6O2+ sunlight → 6CO2 + 6H2O
4. D) O2+ H2O + sunlight → C6H12O6+ CO2

Answer:  B

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Factual

 

41) Glucose is a molecule that supplies ________ to cells.

Answer:  energy

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Factual

 

 

42) The first step of photosynthesis is called the

1. A) Calvin cycle.
2. B) light reactions.
3. C) citric acid cycle.
4. D) electron transport chain.

Answer:  B

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Factual

43) The light reactions of photosynthesis occur in the

1. A) stroma.
2. B) outer chloroplast membrane.
3. C) thylakoids.
4. D) rubisco.

Answer:  C

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Factual

 

44) What happens first after chlorophyll absorbs light energy?

2. A) Water splits into H+and O2.
3. B) Hydrogen ions combine with electrons to produce NADPH.
4. C) Electrons are released and move to a higher energy level.
5. D) Carbon dioxide is converted to sugar.

Answer:  C

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Conceptual

 

45) Oxygen is produced during the light reactions when

1. A) NADP+is converted to NADPH.
2. B) CO2splits apart at the end of the light reactions.
3. C) electrons reach the end of the electron transport chain.
4. D) water is split to provide replacement electrons to chlorophyll.

Answer:  D

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Conceptual

 

46) What energy molecule is produced during the light reactions and helps to power the Calvin cycle?

1. A) ATP
2. B) glucose
3. C) sucrose
4. D) NADP+

Answer:  A

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Conceptual

47) The Calvin cycle of photosynthesis occurs in the

1. A) stroma.
2. B) outer chloroplast membrane.
3. C) thylakoids.
4. D) rubisco.

Answer:  A

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Factual

 

48) What is the initial carbon-containing starting product in the Calvin cycle?

1. A) glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
2. B) glucose
3. C) ribulose bisphosphate
4. D) rubisco

Answer:  C

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Factual

 

49) The enzyme that catalyzes the reaction between carbon dioxide and ribulose bisphosphate is ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase, or ________.

Answer:  rubisco

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Factual

 

50) Excess amounts of which sugar are used by plants to make glucose?

1. A) G3P
2. B) RuBP
3. C) NADPH
4. D) fructose

Answer:  A

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Factual

 

51) The role of NADP in photosynthesis is to

1. A) pick up and drop off electrons.
2. B) phosphorylate ADP to ATP.
3. C) convert carbon dioxide to rubisco.
4. D) absorb sunlight energy.

Answer:  A

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Conceptual

 

52) Which of the following is a true statement about photosynthesis?

1. A) The light reactions produce NADP from sunlight energy.
2. B) Carbon dioxide reacts with 5-carbon molecules during the Calvin cycle.
3. C) ATP is released at the end of the Calvin cycle.
4. D) Water is used during photosynthesis to capture the electrons released from excited chlorophyll pigments.

Answer:  B

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.3

Skill:  Conceptual

 

53) In plant leaves, carbon dioxide enters and oxygen exits via tiny pores called ________.

Answer:  stomata

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.4

Skill:  Factual

 

54) Cells that regulate gas exchange by opening and closing the stomata are called ________ cells.

Answer:  guard

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.4

Skill:  Factual

 

55) During which process does water vapor move out of plant stomata?

1. A) condensation
2. B) combustion
3. C) evaporation
4. D) transpiration

Answer:  D

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.4

Skill:  Factual

 

56) What happens during photorespiration?

1. A) The Calvin cycle produces twice as much glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P), which is exported to make sugars.
2. B) The enzyme rubisco uses oxygen as its substrate for the reaction it catalyzes with ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP).
3. C) Ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) is broken down into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) and exported to make sugars.
4. D) A second wave of light reactions occurs to replace the Calvin cycle.

Answer:  B

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.4

Skill:  Conceptual

 

57) What gas do plants release during photorespiration?

1. A) water vapor
2. B) oxygen
3. C) carbon dioxide
4. D) carbon monoxide

Answer:  C

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.4

Skill:  Factual

 

58) When can photorespiration occur in plants?

1. A) when stomata are closed
2. B) when oxygen levels inside the leaf are low
3. C) when the plant is undergoing transpiration
4. D) during the Calvin cycle

Answer:  A

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.4

Skill:  Conceptual

 

59) Which of the following types of plants undergo the most photorespiration?

1. A) C2plants
2. B) C3plants
3. C) C4plants
4. D) CAM plants

Answer:  B

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.4

Skill:  Conceptual

 

60) Which plants are best adapted for very dry, hot environments such as deserts?

1. A) C2plants
2. B) C3plants
3. C) C4plants
4. D) CAM plants

Answer:  D

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.4

Skill:  Applied

61) C3 and C4 plants are named after the

1. A) sequence in which the carbon-containing molecules were discovered.
2. B) botanically assigned geographic coordinates where the plants are located.
3. C) first stable carbon compounds that are produced during the second portion of photosynthesis.
4. D) first carbon compounds that are produced during the light reactions of each type of plant.

Answer:  C

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.4

Skill:  Conceptual

 

62) Which of the following is most likely to be a C4 plant?

1. A) switchgrass
2. B) clover
3. C) rose
4. D) cactus

Answer:  A

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.4

Skill:  Applied

 

63) A CAM plant

1. A) uses 4-carbon sugars to pump carbon dioxide molecules to the Calvin cycle.
2. B) is often used in agriculture because of its ability to conserve water.
3. C) slows water loss by opening stomata only at night.
4. D) tends to grow very slowly because of its inability to undergo the Calvin cycle.

Answer:  C

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.4

Skill:  Conceptual

 

64) Which of the following types of plant stores carbon dioxide as an organic acid in its vacuoles?

1. A) C2plants
2. B) C3plants
3. C) C4plants
4. D) CAM plants

Answer:  D

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.4

Skill:  Factual

65) How can deforestation increase global warming? Deforestation can

1. A) decrease the total amount of photosynthesis as C3plants are harvested.
2. B) increase the number of C4plants, thereby increasing photorespiration.
3. C) cause runoff to become more acidic, thereby blocking the uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide.
4. D) increase the uptake of carbon dioxide by encouraging the growth of faster growing plants.

Answer:  A

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.4

Skill:  Applied

 

 

66) How is global warming likely to affect an animal species that has narrow temperature requirements? Global warming is likely to

1. A) cause the expansion of the species’ range.
2. B) cause the extinction of the species.
3. C) reduce the diseases that threaten the species.
4. D) have no effect on the species.

Answer:  B

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.5

Skill:  Applied

 

67) Increased amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have made the ocean

1. A) more acidic.
2. B) more basic.
3. C) closer to neutral in pH.
4. D) richer in aquatic species.

Answer:  A

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.5

Skill:  Factual

 

68) Which of these activities could help you to slow the rate of global warming?

1. A) only buy food in plastic containers
2. B) drive faster than the speed limit
3. C) replace an old refrigerator with a new one
4. D) mow the grass more frequently

Answer:  C

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.5

Skill:  Applied

69) A(n) ________ could exert the most influence to speed the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

1. A) individual
2. B) business owner
3. C) nonprofit corporation
4. D) policy maker

Answer:  D

Diff: 2

Topic:  5.5

Skill:  Applied

 

70) A decrease in the amount of greenhouse gases in Earth’s atmosphere would result in

1. A) cooler average global temperatures.
2. B) warmer average global temperatures.
3. C) no change in average global temperatures.
4. D) cooler temperatures in the northern hemisphere and warmer temperatures in the southern hemisphere.

Answer:  A

Diff: 1

Topic:  5.5

Skill:  Conceptual