Chapter 03: Lifespan Considerations

Chapter 03: Lifespan Considerations

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Drug transfer to the fetus is more likely during the last trimester of pregnancy for which reason?

a.	Decreased fetal surface area
b.	Increased placental surface area
c.	Enhanced blood flow to the fetus
d.	Increased amount of protein-bound drug in maternal circulation

 

 

ANS:  C

Drug transfer to the fetus is more likely during the last trimester as a result of enhanced blood flow to the fetus. The other options are incorrect. Increased fetal surface area, not decreased, is a factor that affects drug transfer to the fetus. The placenta’s surface area does not increase during this time. Drug transfer is increased because of an increased amount of free drug, not protein-bound drug, in the mother’s circulation.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension)    REF:   p. 37

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: General       MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

2. The nurse is monitoring a patient who is in the 26th week of pregnancy and has developed gestational diabetes and pneumonia. She is given medications that pose a possible fetal risk, but the potential benefits may warrant the use of the medications in her situation. The nurse recognizes that these medications are in which U.S. Food and Drug Administration pregnancy safety category?

a.	Category X
b.	Category B
c.	Category C
d.	Category D

 

 

ANS:  D

Pregnancy category D fits the description given. Category B indicates no risk to animal fetus; information for humans is not available. Category C indicates adverse effects reported in animal fetus; information for humans is not available. Category X consists of drugs that should not be used in pregnant women because of reports of fetal abnormalities and positive evidence of fetal risk in humans.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension)    REF:   p. 37

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control

 

3. When discussing dosage calculation for pediatric patients with a clinical pharmacist, the nurse notes that which type of dosage calculation is used most commonly in pediatric calculations?

a.	West nomogram
b.	Clark rule
c.	Height-to-weight ratio
d.	Milligram per kilogram of body weight formula

 

 

ANS:  D

The milligram per kilogram formula, based on body weight, is the most common method of calculating doses for pediatric patients. The other options are available methods but are not the most commonly used. Height-to-weight ratio is not used.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Remembering (Knowledge)           REF:   p. 39

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

4. The nurse is assessing a newly admitted 83-year-old patient and determines that the patient is experiencing polypharmacy. Which statement most accurately illustrates polypharmacy?

a.	The patient is experiencing multiple illnesses.
b.	The patient uses one medication for an illness several times per day.
c.	The patient uses over-the-counter drugs for an illness.
d.	The patient uses multiple medications simultaneously.

 

 

ANS:  D

Polypharmacy usually occurs when a patient has several illnesses and takes medications for each of them, possibly prescribed by different specialists who may be unaware of other treatments the patient is undergoing. The other options are incorrect. Polypharmacy addresses the medications taken, not just the illnesses. Polypharmacy means the patient is taking several different medications, not just one, and can include prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and herbal products.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension)    REF:   p. 40

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies