Chapter 03: Physiologic Changes

Chapter 03: Physiologic Changes

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Why does the nurse modify the environment to keep it warmer for the older adult?

a.	A change in the metabolic rate
b.	Decreased subcutaneous tissue
c.	Changes in the musculoskeletal system
d.	A weakened peripheral vascular system

 

 

ANS:  B

The reduction of subcutaneous tissue as an age-related change causes sensitivity to cold because it is the main insulator of the body.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   pp. 32-33        OBJ:   1

TOP:   Sensitivity to Cold                           KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

2. A 75-year-old male is worried that his wartlike dark macules with distinct borders are melanomas. What would be the most likely cause for the macules?

a.	Senile lentigo
b.	Cutaneous papillomas
c.	Seborrheic keratoses
d.	Xerosis

 

 

ANS:  C

Dark, slightly raised macules are seborrheic keratoses, which may be mistaken for melanomas.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   p. 32               OBJ:   1

TOP:   Seborrheic Keratosis                       KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

3. The nurse is accompanying a group of older adults on a July 4th outing to monitor heat prostration. What factor is related to heat intolerance in the older adult?

a.	An increase in melanin
b.	A reduction of perspiration
c.	A reduction in body temperature
d.	Increased capillary fragility

 

 

ANS:  B

Reduction in perspiration related to reduced sweat gland function results in possible heat intolerance from an inability to cool the body by evaporation.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   p. 33               OBJ:   2

TOP:   Heat Intolerance                              KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

4. The nurse cautions the Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs) to use care when transferring or handling older adults. The nurse understands that the vascular fragility of the older adult can result in which of the following conditions?

a.	Altered blood pressure
b.	Pressure ulcers
c.	Pruritus
d.	Senile purpura

 

 

ANS:  D

Increased capillary fragility results in subcutaneous hemorrhage or senile purpura from careless handling by caregivers.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   p. 33               OBJ:   7

TOP:   Senile Purpura                                 KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

5. Which symptom would be a characteristic of a stage I pressure ulcer on an older adult’s coccyx?

a.	Clear blister
b.	Nonblanchable area of erythema
c.	Scaly abraded area
d.	Painful reddened area

 

 

ANS:  B

A red nonblanchable area is indicative of a stage I pressure ulcer.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   p. 34               OBJ:   5

TOP:   Pressure Ulcers                               KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation