Chapter 04: Patient and Caregiver Teaching

Chapter 04: Patient and Caregiver Teaching

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. A patient with newly diagnosed colon cancer has a nursing diagnosis of deficient knowledge about colon cancer. The nurse should initially focus on which learning goal for this patient?

a.	The patient will state ways of preventing the recurrence of the cancer.
b.	The patient will explore and select an appropriate colon cancer therapy.
c.	The patient will demonstrate coping skills needed to manage the disease.
d.	The patient will choose methods to minimize adverse effects of treatment.

 

 

ANS:  B

Adults learn best when given information that can be used immediately. The first action the patient will need to take after a cancer diagnosis is to explore and choose a treatment option. The other goals may be appropriate as treatment progresses.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (application)           REF:               47

TOP:   Nursing Process: Planning               MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

2. After the nurse provides diet instructions for a patient with diabetes, the patient can restate the information but fails to make the recommended diet changes. How would the nurse best evaluate the patient’s situation?

a.	Learning did not occur because the patient’s behavior did not change.
b.	Choosing not to follow the diet is the behavior that resulted from learning.
c.	The nurse’s responsibility for helping the patient make diet changes has been fulfilled.
d.	The teaching methods were ineffective in helping the patient learn about the necessary diet changes.

 

 

ANS:  B

Although the patient behavior has not changed, the patient’s ability to restate the information indicates that learning has occurred, and the patient is choosing at this time not to change the diet. The patient may be in the contemplation or preparation stage in the transtheoretical model. The nurse should reinforce the need for change and continue to provide information and assistance with planning for change.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (application)           REF:               47

TOP:   Nursing Process: Evaluation            MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

3. A patient is diagnosed with heart failure after being admitted to the hospital for shortness of breath and fatigue. Which teaching strategy, if implemented by the nurse, is most likely to be effective?

a.	Assure the patient that the nurse is an expert on management of heart failure.
b.	Teach the patient at each meal about the amounts of sodium in various foods.
c.	Discuss the importance of medication control in maintenance of long-term health.
d.	Refer the patient to a home health nurse for instructions on diet and fluid restrictions.

 

 

ANS:  B

Principles of adult education indicate that readiness and motivation to learn are high when facing new tasks (e.g., learning about the sodium amounts in various food items) and when demonstration and practice of skills are available. Although a home health referral may be needed for this patient, teaching should not be postponed until discharge. Adult learners are independent. The nurse should act as a facilitator for learning, rather than as the expert. Adults learn best when the topic is of immediate usefulness. Long-term goals may not be very motivating.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (application)           REF:               47

TOP:   Nursing Process: Planning               MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

4. A patient who was admitted to the hospital with hyperglycemia and newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus is scheduled for discharge the second day after admission. When implementing patient teaching, what is the priority action for the nurse?

a.	Instruct about the increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
b.	Provide detailed information about dietary control of glucose.
c.	Teach glucose self-monitoring and medication administration.
d.	Give information about the effects of exercise on glucose control.

 

 

ANS:  C

When time is limited, the nurse should focus on the priorities of teaching. In this situation, the patient should know how to test blood glucose and administer medications to control glucose levels. The patient will need further teaching about the role of diet, exercise, various medications, and the many potential complications of diabetes, but these topics can be addressed through planning for appropriate referrals.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (application)           REF:               49

TOP:   Nursing Process: Implementation     MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance