Chapter 06 Pearson Custom For Older Adult Nursing Care By Nancy J.Brown And Linda

Chapter 06 Pearson Custom For Older Adult Nursing Care By Nancy J.Brown And Linda

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Question 1

Type: MCSA

The nurse notices a pattern of weight loss in one of the older adult residents in a long-term care facility. Checking the resident’s record, the nurse finds that the resident has been eating progressively less of the food trays served for the past week. Which of the following actions would be most appropriate for the nurse to take at this time?

1. Check the resident’s intake independently for the next few days.
2. Assess the resident’s mouth, checking for sores, bad teeth, or badly fitting dentures.
3. Call the resident’s physician and receive an order for an appetite stimulant medication.
4. Confer with the dietician and the resident’s physician regarding nutritional supplements for the resident.

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale 1: Just checking the resident’s intake could allow the resident’s poor intake pattern to continue; a simple assessment is needed to rule out oral problems, a major cause of poor intake in older adults.

Rationale 2: Correct. Decrease in food intake is often related to problems with teeth or poorly fitting dentures. Assessing the mouth would either confirm or eliminate that reason for the resident’s poor intake.

Rationale 3: Calling the physician would be a premature action to take without more assessment information.

Rationale 4: A conference with the dietician and physician may have to take place, but it would depend on the reason for the resident’s poor intake. Further assessment information would either confirm or deny the need for this action.

Global Rationale:

 

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts:

Learning Outcome: Describe the normal changes of aging in the gastrointestinal (GI) system.

 

Question 2

Type: MCSA

A nurse in a long-term care facility observes a nursing assistant feeding a resident so rapidly that the resident barely has time to swallow each bite. The nurse takes the nursing assistant aside for a discussion. What would the nurse identify as being the greatest risk of this nursing assistant’s action?

1. Loss of resident’s dignity
2. Overfeeding resident
3. Potential for aspiration
4. Gastroparesis

Correct Answer: 3

Rationale 1: Although true, loss of dignity would not constitute the greatest risk in terms of prioritization; aspiration is a greater risk.

Rationale 2: Although true, overfeeding the resident would not constitute the greatest risk in terms of prioritization; aspiration is a greater risk.

Rationale 3: Correct. Older adults normally have a diminished gag reflex making them more prone to aspiration and possible aspiration pneumonia, which is life threatening.

Rationale 4: Gastroparesis is a normal slowing down of the movement of food from the stomach to the intestines; it is not an effect of rapid feeding.

Global Rationale:

 

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Reduction of Risk Potential

Nursing/Integrated Concepts:

Learning Outcome: Describe the normal changes of aging in the gastrointestinal (GI) system.

 

Question 3

Type: MCSA

The nurse is teaching an older adult client about expected changes that occur with aging that may predispose the client to constipation. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

1. “You will avoid a lot of problems associated with slowing down of your gut and resulting constipation by taking a regular laxative daily.”
2. “You begin to produce fewer digestive enzymes; this causes your food not to be broken down as well, causing constipation.”
3. “Decreased saliva production interferes with your chewing and swallowing of food, thereby putting you at risk for constipation.”
4. “A decrease in the peristaltic movement of your intestines contributes to content remaining in the intestines longer, which predisposes you to constipation.”

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale 1: Reliance on laxatives can affect the absorption of food for the client and is not a good way to avoid constipation.

Rationale 2: Reduction of digestive enzymes actually causes the older adult to have a diminished appetite, not constipation.

Rationale 3: Decreased saliva production predisposes the older adult to xerostomia, dysphagia, impaired carbohydrate digestion, loss of appetite, periodontal disease, and dental caries, but not constipation.

Rationale 4: Correct. Slowed peristalsis predisposes the older adult to constipation.

Global Rationale:

 

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Basic Care and Comfort

Nursing/Integrated Concepts:

Learning Outcome: Describe the normal changes of aging in the gastrointestinal (GI) system.

 

Question 4

Type: MCMA

An older adult client asks the nurse to list some foods that would help to promote colon health. The nurse should include which of the following food items on the list?

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. Beefsteak
2. Whole grains
3. Broccoli
4. Refined starches
5. Cantaloupe

Correct Answer: 2,3,5

Rationale 1: Red meat is thought to be a causative factor in colon cancer.

Rationale 2: Correct. Whole grains promote colon health.

Rationale 3: Correct. Broccoli promotes colon health.

Rationale 4: Complex carbohydrates, not refined carbohydrates, are healthy for the colon.

Rationale 5: Correct. Cantaloupe promotes colon health.

Global Rationale:

 

Cognitive Level: Remembering

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts:

Learning Outcome: Discuss methods of health promotion for the GI system.