Chapter 08: Conceptual and Philosophical Foundations of Professional Nursing Practice

Chapter 08: Conceptual and Philosophical Foundations of Professional Nursing Practice

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. Who is credited with developing the theory on systems?

a.	Rogers
b.	Maslow
c.	Rosenstock
d.	von Bertalanffy

 

 

ANS:  D

 

	Feedback
A	Carl Rogers developed a theory of personhood.
B	Abraham Maslow developed a human needs theory.
C	I. M. Rosenstock developed a health belief model.
D	Ludwig von Bertalanffy developed the theory of systems.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   Page 151

 

2. Which of the following is true of open systems?

a.	They have very little interaction with the environment.
b.	Parts are independent of each other.
c.	Exchange of information is sporadic and intermittent.
d.	The whole is greater than the sum of all of its parts.

 

 

ANS:  D

 

	Feedback
A	Open systems interact with the environment.
B	Parts of a system are interrelated.
C	The exchange of information is continuous and dynamic.
D	In systems the whole is greater than the sum of all of its parts.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   Page 152

 

3. Dynamic balance between systems and their parts is called

a.	synergy.
b.	homeostasis.
c.	inertia.
d.	suprasystems.

 

 

ANS:  B

 

	Feedback
A	Synergy occurs when all parts of the system are working collaboratively.
B	The dynamic balance within and between open systems and their suprasystems is homeostasis.
C	“Inertia” is a term in physics that describes the tendency of matter to continue in its current state, whether moving or resting.
D	Suprasystems are the system and all of its subsystems.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   Page 152

 

4. A homeless man sleeps on a park bench and eats one meal a day at a shelter. Which is the lowest level of Maslow’s basic needs he does not meet?

a.	Basic physiologic needs
b.	Safety needs
c.	Love and belonging needs
d.	Esteem needs

 

 

ANS:  A

 

	Feedback
A	Although he is getting food, oxygen, and rest, he does not have shelter. This is Maslow’s lowest level of needs.
B	Maslow identified the second level of needs as safety needs, which include physical and psychological safety. Basic physiologic needs must be met before the person can meet higher order needs.
C	Maslow identified the third level of needs as love and belonging. Basic physiologic needs must be met before the person can meet higher order needs.
D	Maslow identified the fourth level of needs as the need for self-esteem. Basic physiologic needs must be met before the person can meet higher order needs.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   Pages 153-154

 

5. An 18-month-old child has been in three foster homes within the past 9 months. When the child is seen for a well-child visit, the nurse notices the child vigilantly watches everyone. This child may not have which of Maslow’s basic needs met?

a.	Basic physiologic needs
b.	Safety needs
c.	Love and belonging needs
d.	Self-actualization

 

 

ANS:  B

 

	Feedback
A	Maslow identified the first level of needs as those necessary for physiologic survival. The child appears to have these needs met.
B	Maslow identified the second level of needs as safety needs, which include physical and psychological safety, as well as security. The child does not appear to have these needs met.
C	Maslow identified the third level of needs as love and belonging. The safety needs must be met before a person attempts to meet higher level needs.
D	Maslow identified the fifth level of needs as self-actualization. The safety needs must be met before a person attempts to meet higher level needs.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   Page 154