Chapter 08 Medical Surgical Nursing Preparation For Practice 2nd Edition By Osborn

Chapter 08 Medical Surgical Nursing Preparation For Practice 2nd Edition By Osborn

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Question 1

Type: MCSA

During a nutritional assessment, a patient asks why the waist circumference measurement is needed. What is the nurse’s best response?

1. “It helps determine if the BMI is accurate.”
2. “It is more reliable than skinfold measurements.”
3. “It is the only tool that can reliably provide information on nutritional status.”
4. “It helps in determining your risk for cardiovascular disease.”

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale 1: Body mass index (BMI) is used to calculate appropriate weight for height. It is not based on waist circumference.

Rationale 2: Skinfold measurements determine body composition and are not compared to waist measurement for reliability.

Rationale 3: There are numerous tools that are used together to provide information on nutritional status. No one tool works alone.

Rationale 4: Waist circumference is one measurement used to help determine a patient’s risk for the development of cardiovascular disease.

Global Rationale:

 

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Assessment

Learning Outcome: 8-1

 

Question 2

Type: MCSA

The nurse is conducting a nutrition assessment on a patient who has been admitted for hip replacement surgery. The patient reports that he is Jewish and follows the kosher dietary tradition. Which statement by the nurse will have the greatest impact on the patient’s nutritional health during his hospitalization?

1. “I’ll arrange for a dietitian to come and discuss your food requirements with you.”
2. “Would you be more comfortable with having your family bring you food from home?”
3. “Remember that you will need to increase your protein input postsurgery.”
4. “Please tell me more about your preferred eating habits.”

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale 1: A consultation with a dietician may become necessary, but this is not the best first step. Immediate dietary consultation takes the nurse out of the picture and does not best facilitate nursing care.

Rationale 2: Placing the responsibility to properly nourish the patient on the family is not appropriate because it neglects a vital nursing duty.

Rationale 3: Focusing on protein consumption limits the exchange of information between the patient and the nurse.

Rationale 4: Asking the patient to discuss preferred eating habits and requirements will facilitate meeting the patient’s cultural and religious needs.

Global Rationale:

 

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 8-1

 

Question 3

Type: MCSA

The nurse is advising a patient who is concerned about the need to lose weight. When discussing daily nutritional requirements, the patient reports hating vegetables. Which statement best reflects the current recommendations appropriate for this patient?

1. “Would you consider drinking a vegetable juice in place of whole vegetables?”
2. “If you want to maintain a healthy weight, eating vegetables will help tremendously.”
3. “Vegetables are generally low in calories and should be incorporated in the daily diet.”
4. “Can you try eating a daily serving of carrots or spinach, either cooked or in a salad?”

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale 1: Suggesting an alternative to whole vegetables does not directly address the patient’s reluctance to eat vegetables.

Rationale 2: Encouraging the consumption of vegetables because they are helpful in weight loss does not directly address the patient’s reluctance to eat vegetables.

Rationale 3: Encouraging the consumption of vegetables because they are low in calories does not directly address the patient’s reluctance to eat vegetables.

Rationale 4: Asking if the patient is willing to eat carrots and/or spinach reflects an understanding of the importance of consuming at least one serving of either dark green or orange vegetables daily. The nurse is offering suggestions regarding common vegetables the patient is more likely to eat.

Global Rationale:

 

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Evaluation

Learning Outcome: 8-2

 

Question 4

Type: MCSA

The nurse is reviewing written material on nutrition that is being distributed at a senior citizens center. The nurse recognizes that which statement does not accurately reflect the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010 Edition and should be revised?

1. Half of all grains should be consumed as whole grains.
2. Sodium intake should be less than 1,500 mg daily.
3. Use oils to replace solid fats where possible.
4. Saturated fats should account for no more than 30% of daily calories.

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale 1: These guidelines recommend increasing whole grain intake by replacing refined grains with whole grains. At least half of all grains consumed should be whole grains.

Rationale 2: These guidelines have specific sodium intake recommendations for different populations. Sodium intake for those over 51 (which reflects the population in a senior center) should be no more than 1,500 mg daily.

Rationale 3: These guidelines recommend the use of oils in place of solid fats where possible.

Rationale 4: According to these guidelines, saturated fats should account for no more than 10% of daily calories; this statement should be revised.

Global Rationale:

 

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Evaluation

Learning Outcome: 8-2