Chapter 08 Pearson Custom For Older Adult Nursing Care By Nancy J.Brown And Linda

Chapter 08 Pearson Custom For Older Adult Nursing Care By Nancy J.Brown And Linda

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Question 1

Type: Matching

Many expected changes in the musculoskeletal system occur in older adults, predisposing them to other conditions. Match some of these conditions below with the correct description in the right column.

1. Osteoporosis
2. Kyphosis
3. Ankylosis
4. Plantar fasciitis

_____	1. Inflammation of the ligament stretching from the ball of the foot to the heel
_____	2. Exaggerated posterior curve of the thoracic spine
_____	3. Reduction in bone mass
_____	4. Stiffening of the ligaments

 

Correct Answer: A–3, B-2, C-4, D-1

 

Global Rationale:

 

Cognitive Level: Remembering

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts:

Learning Outcome: Describe the normal changes of aging in the musculoskeletal system.

 

Question 2

Type: MCSA

A nurse practitioner in a big city walk-in clinic sees many older adult clients from various ethnic groups daily. The nurse would expect to see the least evidence of osteoporosis in which of the following ethnic groups?

1. Asian Americans
2. European Americans
3. African Americans
4. Hispanic Americans

Correct Answer: 3

Rationale 1: A report from the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research shows the incidence of osteoporosis to be 8.2% among Asian Americans; the African American group has 4%, the lowest incidence.

Rationale 2: A report from the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research shows the incidence of osteoporosis to be 5.2% among European Americans; the African American group has 4%, the lowest incidence.

Rationale 3: Correct. A report from the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research shows the incidence of osteoporosis to be 4% among African Americans; this is the lowest incidence.

Rationale 4: A report from the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research shows the incidence of osteoporosis to be 4.3% among Hispanic Americans; the African American group has 4%, the lowest incidence.

Global Rationale:

 

Cognitive Level: Remembering

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts:

Learning Outcome: Describe the normal changes of aging in the musculoskeletal system.

 

Question 3

Type: MCSA

An older adult client is being measured for height by a nurse at a health fair. When the nurse gives the client the number, the client states, “I must be shrinking, I used to be a lot taller than that!” The nurse can attribute the client’s loss of height to which of the following expected changes in the musculoskeletal system associated with aging?

1. Loss of muscle mass
2. Deterioration of joint cartilage
3. Stiffening of the ligaments
4. Loss of bone mass

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale 1: Although it does occur with aging, loss of muscle mass does not lead to loss of height.

Rationale 2: Deterioration of joint cartilage is an expected change associated with aging, but it leads to osteoarthritis, not loss of height.

Rationale 3: Stiffening of ligaments is an expected change of aging known as ankylosis, but it does not affect height.

Rationale 4: Correct. Loss of bone mass associated with aging can lead to spontaneous fractures and loss of height.

Global Rationale:

 

Cognitive Level: Understanding

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts:

Learning Outcome: Describe the normal changes of aging in the musculoskeletal system.

 

Question 4

Type: MCSA

The nurse has just completed a lecture and demonstration of range-of-motion exercises to a group of nursing assistants in a long-term care facility. The nurse recognizes the need for follow-up teaching when a nursing assistant makes which of the following comments?

1. “When clients can’t move themselves, I can help clients’ joints remain functional by going through a series of movements for each joint.”
2. “I should gauge the degree to which I move the client’s joints by their pain level. It needs to hurt a little. You know what they say, ‘No pain, no gain.’”
3. “I can assist clients in doing their activities of daily living (ADLs) and these activities, such as brushing their teeth and combing their hair, help provide movement for different joints.”
4. “When I perform passive range-of-motion exercises for clients who cannot move, I help prevent contractures and atrophy.”

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale 1: This statement about helping with passive ROM exercises needs no follow-up. Performing range-of-motion exercises will help joints to remain functional.

Rationale 2: Correct. This statement needs follow-up. When performing ROM, joints should never be forced beyond the point of pain or free movement; doing so could damage the joint further.

Rationale 3: This statement about helping with ADLs needs no follow-up. If the client can do some of his ADLs himself, then these activities will provide ROM exercises for some of his joints.

Rationale 4: This statement needs no follow-up. If clients cannot move any joints themselves, then providing passive ROM can help prevent hazards of immobility such as contractures and muscle atrophy.

Global Rationale:

 

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub: Basic Care and Comfort

Nursing/Integrated Concepts:

Learning Outcome: Discuss health promotion for the musculoskeletal system.