Chapter 08: Water and Minerals

Chapter 08: Water and Minerals

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. If a woman who drinks a cup of decaffeinated coffee in the morning, a cup of fruit juice with lunch, 6 cups of water throughout the day and a cup of tea at bedtime, her fluid intake would be considered

a.	dangerously low.
b.	below optimal.
c.	optimal.
d.	too high.

 

 

ANS:  C

This woman’s total fluid intake for the day is 9 cups, the recommended amount for women. Minimum fluid intake for health is around 4 cups; intake below this would be considered dangerously low. Fluid intake can be too high, but the specific amount that causes water intoxication is unknown.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying               REF:   Page 130

TOP:   Nursing Process: Assessment| Nursing Process: Planning

MSC:  Client Needs: Physiological integrity | Client Needs: Health promotion and maintenance

 

2. Having only softened tap water at home would be of most concern to a(n)

a.	pregnant woman.
b.	full-time student who also works part-time.
c.	elderly woman with osteoporosis.
d.	retired man with hypertension.

 

 

ANS:  D

Softened water has relatively high levels of sodium, which exacerbates hypertension in salt-sensitive individuals. It is not ideal for anyone to drink softened water on a regular basis, but it is of special concern for someone with hypertension. Someone who is retired is more likely to drink beverages made with tap water at home. An elderly woman with osteoporosis would benefit from the calcium in hard water, but this is less of a concern. A student who is gone at work or school most of the day would not consume much of the softened tap water. Sodium intake is not a specific concern in pregnancy.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying               REF:   Page 130

TOP:   Nursing Process: Assessment           MSC:  Client Needs: Health promotion and maintenance

 

3. Interstitial fluid is the body fluid

a.	within the cells.
b.	outside the cells.
c.	between the cells.
d.	in the bloodstream.

 

 

ANS:  C

Interstitial fluid is the body fluid between the cells. The fluid within the cells is intracellular fluid; the fluid outside the cells is extracellular fluid; the fluid in the bloodstream is blood plasma.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   Page 131

TOP:   Nursing Process: Assessment           MSC:  Client Needs: Physiological integrity

 

4. Dehydration is most likely to have a negative effect on

a.	digestion of food.
b.	storage of excess energy.
c.	nerve impulse conduction.
d.	body temperature regulation.

 

 

ANS:  D

Within the body, water helps to regulate body temperature by absorbing and distributing heat throughout the body and through perspiration. Digestion of food requires secretion of digestive fluids, but this is less immediately affected by dehydration. Water is not needed to store excess energy in adipose tissue. Water is not important for this conduction of nerve impulses.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Applying               REF:   Pages 131-132

TOP:   Nursing Process: Assessment           MSC:  Client Needs: Physiological integrity