Chapter 08: Xanthines

Chapter 08: Xanthines

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The mechanism of action of xanthines is

ANS:  D

Although xanthines may have bronchodilating effects, stimulate ventilatory drive, and strengthen the diaphragm, their exact mechanism of action is unclear.

REF:   pp. 140-143

2. Theophylline should be used to treat

ANS:  C

Theophylline has been used as a long-term controller drug for asthma; to stimulate breathing in premature infants; and to treat COPD, although because of its narrow therapeutic margin it is recommended only as an alternative to inhaled b agonists and anticholinergic agents. Theophylline is generally not used to treat pneumonia, ARDS, or CF.

REF:   p. 145 | p. 146

3. The xanthine of choice to treat apnea of prematurity is

ANS:  C

Caffeine citrate penetrates the cerebrospinal fluid better and has a higher therapeutic index with fewer side effects compared with other agents.

REF:   p. 145 | p. 146

4. Theophylline and caffeine are examples of

ANS:  B

Theophylline and caffeine are not b agonists, corticosteroids, or anticholinergics. Because of the methyl attachments seen in the chemical structures of theophylline and caffeine, they have often been referred to as methylxanthines.

REF:   p. 140

5. Theophylline is classified as a bronchodilator because it

ANS:  D

Although the bronchodilating effects of theophylline are weak compared with b₂ agonists, theophylline is still generally classified as a bronchodilator. Xanthines generally have stimulant properties, exemplified by the xanthine caffeine. Other effects of this class of drug include diuresis and smooth muscle relaxation (e.g., bronchodilation).

REF:   pp. 140-143