Chapter 09: Screening

Chapter 09: Screening

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which is an example of asymptomatic pathogenesis?

ANS:  C

The primary objective of screening is the detection of a disease in its early stages, to treat it and deter its progression. The screening process is based on the principle that disease is preceded by a period of asymptomatic pathogenesis when risk factors predisposing a person to the pathological condition are building momentum toward manifestation of the disease. Therefore, someone with an elevated PSA without any symptoms is an example of asymptomatic pathogenesis. The other three examples demonstrate manifestation of disease (headaches, blood in stool, and tiredness).

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)                               REF:   p. 196

2. An occupational health nurse is planning a cholesterol screening with the employees at the factory. Which of the following would be an advantage of conducting this screening?

ANS:  B

Screenings create an opportunity for providing health education to a group of individuals who may not otherwise receive it. This allows the nurse to take advantage of a teachable moment with the employees in the factory.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)                               REF:   p. 197

3. Influenza occurs among Americans at a rate of 36 per 100 people annually. Which type of rate is this statement describing?

ANS:  A

Incidence rate is the rate of a new population problem and estimates the risk of an individual developing the specific disease or condition during a specific period or over a lifetime. Prevalence is the proportion of a given population with the disease or condition at any one point in time. Usually acute conditions are assessed by their incidence (rate of occurrence), whereas chronic conditions are measured by their prevalence (generally existing).

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)                               REF:   p. 198

4. A nurse is examining the incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates of colon cancer in the community. Which of the following measures of life is being investigated?

ANS:  B

Measures of quantity of life affected by a disease are more readily attainable than quality of life measures. Quantity of life can be measured by using incidence and prevalence rates as well as disease-specific mortality rates.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (Application)                               REF:   p. 199

5. Which represents a disadvantage of screening?

ANS:  D

Group screening and multiple test screening are advantages of screening programs. A disadvantage of screening occurs when the test is unable to distinguish those who probably have the disease from those who do not. Tests with low sensitivity produce a large number of false-negative tests and leave those screened with a false sense of a healthful state, resulting in them losing the opportunity to receive early treatments that could prevent irreversible damage.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)                  REF:   p. 197 | p. 200