Chapter 1: The Evolution of Professional Nursing

Chapter 1: The Evolution of Professional Nursing

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Clara Barton is known for

ANS:   C

(C) is correct because the American Red Cross, founded by Clara Barton in 1882, assisted in efforts to continue public health nursing. (A) is incorrect because Jessie Sleet Scales was the first African-American public health nurse. (B) is incorrect because Lillian Wald, a pioneer in public health nursing, is best known for the development and establishment of the Henry Street Settlement. (D) is incorrect because The Goldmark Report criticized the inadequacies of hospital-based nursing schools and recommended enhanced educational standards.

DIF:    Knowledge     REF:    Page 16

2. Which bill provided for construction of hospitals?

ANS:   B

(B) is correct because the purpose of the Hill-Burton Act was to provide funding to construct hospitals and to assist states in planning for other health care facilities in accordance with the needs of communities. (A) is incorrect because the main purposes of the 1935 Social Security Act were to provide (1) a national insurance system for the elderly; (2) monies to states for maternal and child welfare services; (3) vocational rehabilitation services for the physically and mentally challenged; (4) medical care for crippled children and blind people; (5) a plan to boost public health services; and (6) a federal/state unemployment system. (C) is incorrect because the Sheppard-Towner Act provided federal aid for maternal and child health care. (D) is incorrect because the U.S. Civil Service Act is landmark U.S. legislation establishing the tradition and mechanism of permanent federal employment based on merit rather than on political party affiliation (the spoils system).

DIF:    Knowledge     REF:    Page 18

3. The practice of public health nursing and the Henry Street Settlement are credited to

ANS:   D

(D) is correct because Lillian Wald was a pioneer in public health nursing who is best known for the development and establishment of the Henry Street Settlement. (A) is incorrect because Mary Breckenridge of Kentucky established the Frontier Nursing Service in 1925. (B) is incorrect because Mary Seacole was a black nurse who provided care during the Crimean War. (C) is incorrect because Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross in 1882.

DIF:    Knowledge     REF:    Page 15

4. Occupational health nursing features beliefs similar to those of which early nursing pioneer?

ANS:   A

(A) is correct because Lillian Wald developed the first nursing service for occupational health. (B) is incorrect because Florence Nightingale is best known for contributions made during the Crimean War, efforts to improve sanitation and public health, use of statistics to provide support for health outcomes, and organization of nurse training. (C) is incorrect because Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross. (D) is incorrect because Mary Seacole was a black nurse who served during the Crimean War.

DIF:    Comprehension                                  REF:    Page 14

5. What historical event first led to the realization of the contribution of African-Americans to nursing?

ANS:   C

(C) is correct because although Nightingale’s school refused Seacole, she was able to make a difference in the Crimean War and later was recognized for her efforts. (A) is incorrect because Florence Nightingale’s efforts during the Crimean War were valuable and recognized, but she would not allow Seacole to join her in her efforts. (B) is incorrect because Pennsylvania Hospital was the first hospital in America and was founded in 1751, but Seacole’s efforts in the Crimean War did not occur until 100 years later. (D) is incorrect because the wives of noblemen who carried food and medicine were not uniquely African-Americans.

DIF:    Application     REF:    Page 12