Chapter 10: Digestive System

Chapter 10: Digestive System

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

Directions: Each group of questions below consists of a numbered list of descriptive words or phrases accompanied by a diagram with certain parts indicated by letters or by a list of lettered headings. For each numbered word or phrase, select the lettered part or heading that matches it correctly and then insert the letter in the space to the right of the appropriate number. Sometimes more than one numbered word or phrase may be correctly matched to the same lettered part or heading.

________ Primarily involved in extrahepatic biliary atresia

ANS:   B

In extrahepatic biliary atresia, parts of the hepatic ducts and bile duct are not canalized. Parts of the bile ducts are blocked (atresia); other parts may have narrow lumina (stenosis). These severe anomalies are not common. The extrahepatic system of bile ducts develops as solid cords that typically soon become canalized. When this fails to occur, atresia results. If the lumen forms but is small, stenosis is present. Congenital atresia of the bile ducts may be caused by noxious agents acting during the development of the bile duct system. There is little evidence that this anomaly is hereditary; it rarely occurs in siblings (brothers or sisters). Jaundice gradually increases after birth; the stools are clay-colored, and the urine is dark brown.

________ Forms the major part of the pancreas

ANS:   D

The dorsal pancreatic bud forms the major part of the pancreas; the inferior part of the head of the pancreas and the uncinate process are derived from the ventral pancreatic bud. The main pancreatic duct forms by fusion of the ducts of both pancreatic buds.

________ Penetrates the septum transversum

ANS:   C

The liver arises as a bud from the caudal part of the foregut late in the third week. This hepatic diverticulum extends ventrally and cranially into the mesenchyme of the septum transversum between the pericardial cavity and the omphaloenteric duct. Subsequently, the liver lies between the layers of the ventral mesentery. These layers become the peritoneal covering of the liver and the ligaments associated with the liver.

________ Partly derived from the midgut

ANS:   E

The epithelium and glands of the duodenum distal to the point of entrance of the bile duct are derived from the midgut. Other layers of the mucous membrane and the wall of the duodenum are derived from mesenchyme adjacent to the endodermal midgut. The epithelium and glands of the duodenum cranial to the entrance of this duct are derived from the foregut.