Chapter 11: Cardiovascular Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Chapter 11: Cardiovascular Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Procedures

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Which of the following conditions is usually associated with clubbing?

ANS:  A

Clubbing in the nail bed is a sign associated with longstanding central cyanotic heart disease or pulmonary disease with hypoxemia. Peripheral cyanosis, a bluish discoloration of the nail bed, is seen more commonly. Peripheral cyanosis results from a reduction in the quantity of oxygen in the peripheral extremities from arterial disease or decreased cardiac output. Central cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the tongue and sublingual area. Multiracial studies indicate that the tongue is the most sensitive site for observation of central cyanosis.

2. The abdominojugular reflux test determines the presence of

ANS:  A

The abdominojugular reflux sign can assist with the diagnosis of right ventricular failure. A positive abdominojugular reflux sign is an increase in the jugular venous pressure (CVP equivalent) of greater than 3 cm sustained for at least 15 seconds.

3. The purpose of the Allen test is to

ANS:  A

The Allen test assesses the adequacy of blood flow to the hand through the ulnar artery.

4. Evaluation of arterial circulation to an extremity is accomplished by assessing which of the following?

ANS:  D

Capillary refill assessment is a maneuver that uses the patient’s nail beds to evaluate both arterial circulation to the extremity and overall perfusion. The severity of arterial insufficiency is directly proportional to the amount of time necessary to re-establish flow and color.

5. When checking the patient’s back, the nurse pushes her thumb into the patient’s sacrum. An indentation remains. The nurse charts that the patient has

ANS:  C

Pitting edema occurs when an impression is left in the tissue when the thumb is removed. The dependent tissues within the legs and sacrum are particularly susceptible. Edema may be dependent, unilateral, or bilateral and pitting or nonpitting.