Chapter 11: Corticosteroids in Respiratory Care

Chapter 11: Corticosteroids in Respiratory Care

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. A significant side effect of corticosteroid use is inhibition of

a.	IgE.
b.	PDE.
c.	HPA axis.
d.	SRS-A.

 

 

ANS:  C

When the body produces endogenous glucocorticoids, there is a normal feedback mechanism within the hypothalamic-pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis to limit production. As glucocorticoid levels increase, the release of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is inhibited, and further adrenal production is stopped. Because the body cannot distinguish between its own endogenous glucocorticoids and exogenous glucocorticoid drugs, steroid administration can inhibit the hypothalamus and pituitary glands, decreasing adrenal production. Immunoglobulin E (IgE), phosphodiesterase (PDE), and slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A) are not involved in this process.

 

REF:   p. 184

 

2. Which of the following is produced in the hypothalamus?

a.	Glucocorticoids
b.	Corticotropin-releasing factor
c.	Mineralocorticoids
d.	Sex hormones

 

 

ANS:  B

Three types of corticosteroid hormones are produced by the adrenal cortex: glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and sex hormones. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is released from the hypothalamus.

 

REF:   p. 184

 

3. Corticosteroids normally produced by the body are known as

a.	endogenous.
b.	exogenous.
c.	extrinsic.
d.	intrinsic.

 

 

ANS:  A

Endogenous corticosteroids are produced inside the human body, whereas exogenous corticosteroids are produced outside the body.

 

REF:   p. 184

 

4. Which of the following are examples of steroids or steroid combinations available for inhalation?
5. AeroSpan
6. Flovent
7. Qvar
8. Advair

 

a.	1, 2, and 3 only
b.	1 and 2 only
c.	2 and 3 only
d.	1, 2, 3, and 4

 

 

ANS:  D

Brand names of corticosteroids available by aerosol for oral inhalation include Qvar, AeroSpan, Asmanex, Flovent, Pulmicort, and Advair. Interleukins are cytokines released by the human body.

 

REF:   p. 185

 

5. The rise and fall of levels of glucocorticoids in the body follow what kind of rhythm?

a.	Weekly
b.	Monthly
c.	Circadian
d.	No set rhythm

 

 

ANS:  C

The production of the body’s own glucocorticoids follows a rhythmic cycle, termed a diurnal or circadian rhythm.

 

REF:   p. 187