Chapter 11: Surgery of the Liver, Biliary Tract, Pancreas, and Spleen

Chapter 11: Surgery of the Liver, Biliary Tract, Pancreas, and Spleen

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The liver, pancreas, and spleen share many similarities. Select the statement about these organs that is true.

ANS:  A

All three organs are solid (not hollow or collapsible) organs. A pathologic condition in the liver, biliary tract, pancreas, or spleen often requires surgical intervention. These organs are highly vascular and control many metabolic and immune functions of the body.

REF:   Pages 357-361

2. The functional units of the liver are the lobules. The functional cells of the liver are the ______________ and they manufacture _______________.

ANS:  C

Lobules are the functional units of the liver. Each lobule contains a portal triad that consists of a hepatic duct, a hepatic portal vein branch, and a branch of the hepatic artery, nerves, and lymphatics. The hepatic cords consist of numerous columns of hepatocytes—the functional cells of the liver. The hepatic sinusoids are the blood channels that communicate among the columns of hepatocytes. The sinusoids have a thin epithelial lining composed primarily of Kupffer cells—phagocytic cells that engulf bacteria and toxins. Bile is manufactured by the hepatocytes.

REF:   Page 357

3. The liver is essential in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, generating nutrient stores of which substance that supplies energy sources to the brain and body?

ANS:  B

The liver is essential in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. It metabolizes nutrients into stores of glycogen, used for regulation of blood glucose levels and as energy sources for the brain and body functions.

REF:   Pages 357-358

4. The biliary system (also called the biliary tree) drains bile from the gallbladder to the ampulla of Vater. The primary function of the gallbladder is to:

ANS:  C

The gallbladder, which lies in a sulcus on the undersurface of the right lobe of the liver, terminates in the cystic duct (Figure 11-3). This ductal system provides a channel for the flow of bile to the gallbladder, where it becomes highly concentrated during storage. The liver produces about 600 to 1000 ml of bile each day. The gallbladder’s average storage capacity is 40 to 70 ml. As the musculature of the gallbladder contracts, bile is forced into the cystic duct and through the common duct. As the sphincter of Oddi in the ampulla of Vater relaxes, bile is released, flowing into the duodenum to aid in digestion by emulsification of fats.

REF:   Page 359

5. The head of the pancreas is fixed to the:

ANS:  B

The pancreas (see Figure 11-3) is a fixed structure lying transversely behind the stomach in the upper abdomen. The head of the pancreas is fixed to the curve of the duodenum.