Chapter 11: Urogenital System

Chapter 11: Urogenital System

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

Directions: Each group of questions below consists of a numbered list of descriptive words or phrases accompanied by a diagram with certain parts indicated by letters or by a list of lettered headings. For each numbered word or phrase, select the lettered part or heading that matches it correctly and then insert the letter in the space to the right of the appropriate number. Sometimes more than one numbered word or phrase may be correctly matched to the same lettered part or heading.

________ Urogenital sinus

ANS:   B

The urogenital sinus gives rise to the epithelium of the urinary bladder. Distally, it also gives rise to the epithelium of the urethra, except for the terminal part of the spongy urethra (navicular fossa); this part is derived from surface ectoderm. Other parts of the walls of these structures differentiate from the adjacent splanchnic mesenchyme.

________ Gives rise to collecting system of the kidney

ANS:   D

The metanephric diverticulum gives rise to the collecting system of the kidney (i.e., the ureter, renal pelvis, calices, and collecting tubules). As the diverticulum grows dorsocranially, it slowly invades the metanephric mass of mesoderm. This mesenchyme stimulates the metanephric diverticulum to differentiate into calices and other parts of the collecting system of the permanent kidney. These structures then induce the mesenchyme to differentiate into nephrons.

________ Partitions the cloaca

ANS:   E

The urorectal septum is a coronal wedge of mesenchyme between the allantois and the hindgut. As it grows toward the cloacal membrane, it produces infoldings of the lateral walls of the cloaca. When these infoldings fuse, they divide the cloaca into the rectum dorsally and the urogenital sinus ventrally. The urorectal septum also divides the cloacal membrane into the anal membrane and the urogenital membrane. The area of fusion of the urorectal septum with the cloacal membrane becomes the perineal body (tendinous center of perineum).

________ Primordium of the renal pelvis and calices

ANS:   D

The metanephric diverticulum is the primordium of the renal pelvis, calices, and collecting tubules. The metanephric mesenchyme stimulates the ampulla (future renal pelvis) of the diverticulum to divide into the calices and the collecting tubules to grow into the metanephric mesenchyme from the cuplike calices. Subsequently, these tubules contact and become confluent with the nephrons to form uriniferous tubules.