Chapter 12: Anticancer Drugs

Chapter 12: Anticancer Drugs

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

BASIC CONCEPTS

1. Which biologic feature is specific to normal differentiated cells but not to cancer cells?

ANS:  B

Some normal tissues increase in size by having individual cells get larger, a process called hypertrophy. Cancer cells are usually small and always grow by hyperplasia, not hypertrophy. The other features listed are characteristics that are associated with cancer cells and not normal differentiated cells.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   p. 193

2. Which term means a substance that can cause cancer development?

ANS:  C

A carcinogen is any substance or event that can damage the DNA of a cell and cause cancer development. Malignant transformation is the process of a normal cell changing into a cancer cell as a result of exposure to a carcinogen. Thrombocytopenia is a reduction of the normal level of platelets in the blood. Emetogenic is a substance or condition that induces vomiting.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   p. 194

3. Which class of chemotherapy drugs works by interfering with the formation of tubules so that new cells cannot separate during cell division?

ANS:  C

Antimitotics work by disrupting the formation of spindles, which are needed to fully separate a cell that has undergone cell division into two new cells. Antimetabolites work by placing counterfeit bases into DNA so that those genes do not work properly and cell division does not occur. Antitumor antibiotics also damage the DNA and interrupt both DNA synthesis and RNA synthesis. Alkylating agents cross-link DNA so that it cannot separate.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   p. 197

4. Which type of chemotherapy drug causes tissue damage on direct contact?

ANS:  B

Vesicants are tissue damaging drugs and chemicals. Cyclins are biologic agents that promote cell division. Biologics are substances made by the body and are now manufactured that stimulate or modify cell responses. Emetogenics are drugs or other substances that induce vomiting.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   p. 198

5. Which side effect of chemotherapy puts patients at increased risk for infection?

ANS:  C

Neutropenia is a reduction in the normal amount of circulating neutrophils that are responsible for protection against infection. Hypoxemia is a reduced blood oxygen level. Anemia is a reduction in the number of circulating red blood cells. Thrombocytopenia is a reduction of circulating platelets that can result in impaired blood clotting.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   p. 200