Priorities in Critical Care Nursing, 6th Edition by Linda D.
Priorities in Critical Care Nursing, 6th Edition by Linda D.
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Chapter 12: Cardiovascular Disorders
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
MULTIPLE CHOICE
| a. | Inverted T-waves |
| b. | Tall, peaked T-waves |
| c. | ST-segment depression |
| d. | Q-waves |
ANS: D
On the ECG, evidence of infarction is seen by the presence of pathological Q-waves.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: Fig. 12-4
OBJ: Nursing Process: Assessment TOP: Cardiovascular Disorders
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
| a. | II, III, aVF |
| b. | I, aVL |
| c. | V2 to V4 |
| d. | V5 to V6 |
ANS: A
Inferior infarctions are manifested by ECG changes in leads II, III, and aVF.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Table 12-5
OBJ: Nursing Process: Assessment TOP: Cardiovascular Disorders
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
| a. | “This is a result of a high-cholesterol diet and poor exercise habits.” |
| b. | “The heart has not been getting enough aerobic exercise and has developed this condition. In cardiac rehabilitation they will work with the patient to strengthen his heart through special exercises.” |
| c. | “This is an inherited condition. You should give serious consideration to having family members screened for it.” |
| d. | “This is a result of clot formation in the blood vessels in the heart. We will need to use medications to reduce the risk of further clotting.” |
ANS: C
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a genetically inherited disease that affects the myocardial sarcomere.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 217
OBJ: Nursing Process: Implementation TOP: Cardiovascular Disorders
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
| a. | The blood supply to the coronary vessels is restricted, and therefore the heart cannot pump well enough to keep other organs working efficiently. |
| b. | The heart muscle loses tone, and the effect on pumping is to restrict the volume of blood that fills the chambers. This reduces the circulation to other organs. |
| c. | The heart chambers are unable to fill with blood properly because of stiffness of the heart. The heart cannot relax normally during diastole and eventually affects other organs because of the inability to pump blood efficiently. |
| d. | Arrhythmias are causing a restricted volume of blood to be pumped out of the heart, and this produces restricted circulation to other systems of the body. |
ANS: C
Restrictive cardiomyopathy results in ventricular wall rigidity as a consequence of myocardial fibrosis. The overall effect is the inhibition of diastolic ventricular filling. Diastolic heart failure, low cardiac output, dyspnea, orthopnea, and liver engorgement are the most common clinical manifestations of restrictive cardiomyopathy.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 218
OBJ: Nursing Process: Implementation TOP: Cardiovascular Disorders
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation
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