Chapter 12: Critical and Diagnostic Thinking for Better Clinical Judgment

Chapter 12: Critical and Diagnostic Thinking for Better Clinical Judgment

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Critical thinking is a purposeful, goal-directed process of inquiry that uses available facts, principles, theories, and abstractions. Which statement best describes the processes that are accomplished through critical thinking?

ANS:  A

Although critical thinking may play a part in many processes, the primary uses are to make inferences, solve problems, and arrive at decisions.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   Page 175        OBJ:   Define critical thinking.

TOP:   Critical Thinking                             MSC:  NCLEX: Nursing Process

2. Reasoned thought is characterized by the lack of:

ANS:  B

Reasoned thought is discriminating and prudent and does not allow emotion, feelings, or prejudices to skew decisions. Individuals who practice reasoned thought recognize when negative factors may be interfering with their ability to think clearly.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   Page 176

OBJ:   Identify the types of reasoning based on critical thinking.   TOP:   Reasoning

MSC:  NCLEX: Nursing Process

3. Using clinical judgment, the nurse makes decisions on whether to proceed with or revise a course of action. The inquiry (investigational or exploratory) subprocess necessary for sound clinical judgment is _____ thinking.

ANS:  C

Through clinical judgment, the nurse makes decisions on whether to proceed with or revise a course of action. The inquiry (investigational or exploratory) subprocess necessary for sound clinical judgment is critical thinking.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension     REF:   Page 177

OBJ:   Identify the types of reasoning based on critical thinking.

TOP:   Reasoning: Clinical Judgment          MSC:  NCLEX: Nursing Process

4. Critical thought is a(n):

ANS:  A

Critical thought is a disciplined, rational, and self-directed activity that uses standards and criteria. Critical thought assists the nurse in making more effective clinical decisions. The nurse who engages in critical thought will meet more of the patient’s needs and effect positive patient outcomes.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   Page 175

OBJ:   Identify the types of reasoning based on critical thinking.   TOP:   Reasoning: Critical Thought

MSC:  NCLEX: Nursing Process

5. A patient has a problem that prevents him from shaving himself, tying his shoes, or fixing his meals. He is not physically able to compensate for the problem, so he is in need of assistance. Data support the nursing diagnosis “impaired physical mobility” by what mode of reasoning?

ANS:  B

Taking general assessment data, drawing conclusions, identifying problems or needs, and formulating a plan of care are components of a deductive reasoning process. The nursing process is an example of deductive reasoning because it involves taking data and deducing a plan of care.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   Page 178

OBJ:   Compare inductive and deductive reasoning.

TOP:   Inductive and Deductive Reasoning                                   MSC:  NCLEX: Nursing Process