Basic Pharmacology for Nurses 17th Ed by Clayton - Willihnganz
Basic Pharmacology for Nurses 17th Ed by Clayton - Willihnganz
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Chapter 12: Drugs That Affect the Autonomic Nervous System
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
MULTIPLE CHOICE
| a. | Hypertension |
| b. | Raynaud’s phenomenon |
| c. | Emphysema |
| d. | Cardiac dysrhythmias |
ANS: C
Beta-adrenergic blockers can produce severe bronchoconstriction. Selective beta-1 antagonists are used to treat hypertension. Alpha-adrenergic blocking agents are used to treat patients with Raynaud’s disease. Beta-adrenergic blocking agents are indicated for patients with cardiac arrhythmias.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 180 OBJ: 8
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
NOT: CONCEPT(S): Clinical Judgment; Safety; Perfusion; Care Coordination
| a. | “The symptoms are typical and indicate that the medication is at a therapeutic level.” |
| b. | “The symptoms will tend to resolve with continued therapy.” |
| c. | “The symptoms are unusual and need to be reported to the health care provider immediately.” |
| d. | “The symptoms are indicative of toxicity.” |
ANS: B
Terbutaline, an adrenergic agent effective for bronchodilation, can cause excessive central nervous system (CNS) stimulation. Adverse effects such as palpitations, tachycardia, flushed skin, dizziness, and tremors tend to be mild and resolve with continued therapy. The therapeutic level can only be determined by analyzing a blood sample. These are common symptoms and should only be reported if they persist. Symptoms of toxicity are chest pain, persistent palpitations, and tachycardia.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 178 OBJ: 4 | 5
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
NOT: CONCEPT(S): Clinical Judgment; Safety; Perfusion; Gas Exchange; Patient Education
| a. | Bronchodilation |
| b. | Tachycardia |
| c. | Vasoconstriction |
| d. | Uterine relaxation |
ANS: C
Stimulation of the alpha-1 receptors causes vasoconstriction of all blood vessels throughout the body. Alpha-1 receptor stimulation causes bronchoconstriction. Alpha-1 receptor stimulation does not cause tachycardia. Beta-2 receptor stimulation produces relaxation of smooth muscle tissue, such as the uterus.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: Page 180 OBJ: 4 | 5
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
NOT: CONCEPT(S): Clinical Judgment; Perfusion
| a. | Adrenergic agents |
| b. | Alpha-adrenergic blocking agents |
| c. | Beta-adrenergic blocking agents |
| d. | Cholinergic agents |
ANS: B
Alpha-adrenergic blocking agents interfere with the stimulation of alpha-1 and alpha-2 receptors. Because the primary action of alpha receptor stimulation is vasoconstriction, alpha-adrenergic blocking agents are indicated for patients with diseases associated with vasoconstriction. Adrenergic drugs cause vasoconstriction. Beta-adrenergic blocking agents are used to treat hypertension and dysrhythmias. Cholinergic drugs are used to treat ocular diseases such as glaucoma, respiratory tract disease, and urinary system diseases.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: Page 180 OBJ: 8
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
NOT: CONCEPT(S): Clinical Judgment; Perfusion
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