Chapter 13: Acid-Base Balance

Chapter 13: Acid-Base Balance

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The primary goal of acid-base homeostasis is to maintain which of the following?

ANS:  C

Acid-base balance refers to physiological mechanisms that keep the H⁺ ion concentration of body fluids in a range compatible with life.

DIF:    Recall             REF:   p. 295            OBJ:   1

2. What is the normal arterial blood pH range?

ANS:  B

To sustain life, the body must maintain the pH of fluids within a narrow range, from 7.35 to 7.45.

DIF:    Recall             REF:   p. 291            OBJ:   1

3. Which of the following is a volatile acid of physiologic significance?

ANS:  B

The only volatile acid of physiologic significance in the body is carbonic acid (H₂CO₃), which is in equilibrium with dissolved CO₂.

DIF:    Recall             REF:   p. 295            OBJ:   1

4. What are the major mechanisms responsible for maintaining a stable pH despite massive CO₂ production?
5. isohydric buffering
6. gastrointestinal secretion
7. pulmonary ventilation

ANS:  D

Isohydric buffering and ventilation are the two major mechanisms responsible for maintaining a stable pH in the face of massive CO₂ production.

DIF:    Application    REF:   p. 291            OBJ:   1

5. Fixed acids are produced primarily from the catabolism of which of the following?

ANS:  C

Catabolism of proteins continually produces fixed (nonvolatile) acids such as sulfuric and phosphoric acids.

DIF:    Recall             REF:   p. 291            OBJ:   1