Chapter 13: Cardiovascular Therapeutic Management

Chapter 13: Cardiovascular Therapeutic Management

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The possibility of microshock when handling a temporary pacemaker can be minimized by

ANS:  B

The possibility of “microshock” can be minimized by wearing gloves when handling the pacing wires and by proper insulation of terminal pins of pacing wires when they are not in use. The latter can be accomplished either by using caps provided by the manufacturer or by improvising with a plastic syringe or section of disposable rubber glove. The wires are to be taped securely to the patient’s chest to prevent accidental electrode displacement.

2. In caring for a postoperative cardiovascular patient, the nurse knows that the most frequent cause of a decreased cardiac output is

ANS:  A

In most patients, reduced preload is the cause of low postoperative cardiac output. To enhance preload, volume may be administered in the form of crystalloid, colloid, or packed red blood cells.

3. A patient has an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) for chronic ventricular tachydysrhythmias. If the patient’s rhythm deteriorates to ventricular fibrillation,

ANS:  C

If the dysrhythmia deteriorates into ventricular fibrillation, the implantable cardioverter defibrillator is programmed to defibrillate at a higher energy. If the dysrhythmia terminates spontaneously, the device will not discharge.

4. The mechanism of dilation with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is

ANS:  A

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty involves the use of a balloon-tipped catheter that, when advanced through an atherosclerotic lesion (atheroma), can be inflated intermittently for the purpose of dilating the stenotic area and improving blood flow through it. The high balloon-inflation pressure stretches the vessel wall, fractures the plaque, and enlarges the vessel lumen.

5. The rationale for administration of a fibrinolytic agent is

ANS:  D

The administration of a fibrinolytic agent results in the lysis of the acute thrombus, thus recanalizing, or opening, the obstructed coronary artery and restoring blood flow to the affected tissue. After perfusion is restored, adjunctive measures are taken to prevent further clot formation and reocclusion