Chapter 13: Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs

Chapter 13: Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. A patient is receiving instructions regarding the use of caffeine. The nurse shares that caffeine should be used with caution if which of these conditions is present?

a.	A history of peptic ulcers
b.	Migraine headaches
c.	Asthma
d.	A history of kidney stones

 

 

ANS:  A

Caffeine should be used with caution by patients who have histories of peptic ulcers or cardiac dysrhythmias or who have recently had myocardial infarctions. The other conditions are not contraindications to the use of caffeine.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension)    REF:   p. 212

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies

 

2. A patient who started taking orlistat (Xenical) 1 month ago calls the clinic to report some “embarrassing” adverse effects. She tells the nurse that she has had episodes of “not being able to control my bowel movements.” Which statement is true about this situation?

a.	These are expected adverse effects that will eventually diminish.
b.	The patient will need to stop this drug immediately if these adverse effects are occurring.
c.	The patient will need to increase her fat intake to prevent these adverse effects.
d.	The patient will need to restrict fat intake to less than 30% to help reduce these adverse effects.

 

 

ANS:  D

Restricting dietary intake of fat to less than 30% of total calories can help reduce some of the GI adverse effects, which include oily spotting, flatulence, and fecal incontinence. The other options are incorrect.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   p. 208

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Evaluation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

3. A 6-year-old boy has been started on an extended-release form of methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin) for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). During a follow-up visit, his mother tells the nurse that she has been giving the medication at bedtime so that it will be “in his system” when he goes to school the next morning. What is the nurse’s appropriate evaluation of the mother’s actions?

a.	She is giving him the medication dosage appropriately.
b.	The medication should not be taken until he is at school.
c.	The medication should be taken with meals for optimal absorption.
d.	The medication should be given 4 to 6 hours before bedtime to diminish insomnia.

 

 

ANS:  D

Central nervous system stimulants should be taken 4 to 6 hours before bedtime to decrease insomnia. Generally speaking, once-a-day dosing is used with extended-release or long-acting preparations. These formulations eliminate the need to take this medication at school.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   p. 214

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Evaluation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

4. A 22-year-old nursing student has been taking NoDoz (caffeine) tablets for the past few weeks to “make it through” the end of the semester and exam week. She is in the university clinic today because she is “exhausted.” What nursing diagnosis may be appropriate for her?

a.	Noncompliance
b.	Impaired physical mobility
c.	Disturbed sleep pattern
d.	Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements

 

 

ANS:  C

The main ingredient in NoDoz, caffeine, is a central nervous system stimulant that can be used to increase mental alertness. Restlessness, anxiety, and insomnia are common adverse effects. Thus, disturbed sleep pattern is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis of those listed.

 

DIF:    COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)                  REF:   p. 213

TOP:   NURSING PROCESS: Nursing Diagnosis

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation