Chapter 13: Infection Prevention and Control

Chapter 13: Infection Prevention and Control

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. Beth is a nurse who has found that MRSA has colonized in her nasal cavity, although she has not been ill from the bacteria. How is Beth’s nasal cavity best described?

ANS:   B

A place where microorganisms survive, multiply, and wait to transfer to a susceptible host is called a reservoir. Common reservoirs are humans and animals (hosts), insects, food, water, and organic matter on inanimate surfaces (fomites). Frequent reservoirs for health care–acquired infections (HAIs) include health care workers (especially their hands), patients’ body excretions and secretions, equipment, and the health care environment.

PTS:    1                      DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge             REF:    228

OBJ:    Describe characteristics of each link of the infection chain

TOP:    Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:   Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

2. Brenda is an assistive nursing personnel working on a busy pediatric unit in a hospital. She has a cut on her hand that has not been kept covered. It hurts her to wash her hands or sanitize them, so she has been providing patient care without performing hand hygiene. Several of the patients on the pediatric unit have suffered hospital associated infections of rotavirus. This was thought to be a result of Brenda’s lack of hand hygiene. This type of disease transmission can best be described as __________ transmission.

ANS:   C

Hands of health care workers often transmit microorganisms. This mode of transmission is called direct transmission.

PTS:    1                      DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge             REF:    228

OBJ:    Explain conditions that promote development of health care–associated infections

TOP:    Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:   Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

3. There was an outbreak of Salmonella poisoning at a nursing home. Several residents were hospitalized as a result of their infections. What is the best term to describe this health care–acquired infection?

ANS:   A

An exogenous infection comes from microorganisms found outside the individual, such as Salmonella, Clostridium tetani, and Aspergillus. They do not exist as normal flora.

PTS:    1                      DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    231

OBJ:    Explain conditions that promote development of health care–associated infections

TOP:    Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:   Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment

4. Peggy is a senior nursing student who is working on a community health project for the local homeless shelter. There are several indigent men who come to the shelter in cold weather to sleep for the night. Peggy knows that these men do not bathe on a regular basis. One of the men has been sick several times recently with skin infections. Which of the following is the best way for Peggy to explain the importance of personal hygiene to this individual?

ANS:   C

The body’s normal defense against skin infections is shedding of outer layer of skin cells, which removes organisms that adhere to the skin’s outer layers. Failure to bathe regularly can alter the body’s normal defense against skin infections.

PTS:    1                      DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                  REF:    232

OBJ:    Describe nursing interventions designed to break each link in the infection chain

TOP:    Nursing Process: Implementation

MSC:   Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance

5. Which of the following situations is most likely to contribute to a health care–acquired infection?

ANS:   C

Drainage bag port touching contaminated surface is an example of a cause for a health care–acquired infection.

PTS:    1                      DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                  REF:    233

OBJ:    Explain conditions that promote development of health care–associated infections

TOP:    Nursing Process: Assessment

MSC:   Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment