Chapter 13: Legal and Ethical Issues

Chapter 13: Legal and Ethical Issues

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse researcher is planning a research study that will use human subjects and their choice to participate in a specific treatment. The ethical principle guiding the research study that describes the nurse researcher’s obligation to benefit others is what?

a.	Justice
b.	Beneficence
c.	Confidentiality
d.	Respect for persons

 

 

ANS:  B

 

	Feedback
A	Justice refers to fair treatment.
B	Beneficence refers to benefitting others.
C	Confidentiality refers to anonymity and privacy.
D	Respect for persons refers to the right to self-determination.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)                    REF:   Page 258

 

2. The nurse researcher is planning a research study that will use human subjects and their choice to participate in a specific treatment. The ethical principle that describes a prospective subject’s freedom to choose whether or not to participate in the research study is what?

a.	Justice
b.	Beneficence
c.	Confidentiality
d.	Respect for persons

 

 

ANS:  D

 

	Feedback
A	Justice refers to fair treatment.
B	Beneficence refers to benefitting others.
C	Confidentiality refers to anonymity and privacy.
D	Respect for persons refers to the right to self-determination.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering (Knowledge)                    REF:   Page 258

 

3. A person gives consent to participate in a study, is assigned to an intervention group, and is expected to remain in the study for 1 year. What ethical principle is violated if after 6 months the subjects in the treatment group have more problems than the control subjects, and the nurse researcher does not allow the members of the treatment group to stop treatment?

a.	Justice
b.	Beneficence
c.	Confidentiality
d.	Respect for persons

 

 

ANS:  A

 

	Feedback
A	Justice is an ethical principle that preserves a participant’s right to fair treatment. Participants should be able to withdraw without recrimination from the researcher. They can choose to withdraw from a study at any time.
B	Beneficence refers to benefitting others.
C	Confidentiality refers to privacy.
D	Respect for persons refers to self-determination.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis)                              REF:   Page 258

 

4. What is the ethical principle that is violated if doctors inject aged and senile patients with their cancer cells to study their rejection responses?

a.	Justice
b.	Beneficence
c.	Confidentiality
d.	Respect for persons

 

 

ANS:  D

 

	Feedback
A	Justice refers to fair treatment.
B	Beneficence refers to benefitting others.
C	Confidentiality refers to maintaining privacy.
D	Participants have a right to decide whether they receive a treatment or not. Injecting senile patients with a medication without their expressed consent violates the ethical principle of respect for persons.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis)                              REF:   Page 258

 

5. A patient newly diagnosed with breast cancer is asked to participate in a clinical trial for a new chemotherapy agent. This patient’s freedom to participate or not participate in the study exercises protection of which of her human rights?

a.	Right to fair treatment
b.	Right to self-determination
c.	Right to privacy and dignity
d.	Right to anonymity and confidentiality

 

 

ANS:  B

 

	Feedback
A	Right to fair treatment protects a participant from coercion or undue influence as it relates to decisions related to participation in studies.
B	Freedom to participate or not participate is the right to self-determination.
C	Refers to a participant’s right to privacy.
D	Refers to a participant’s right to privacy.

 

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analyzing (Analysis)                              REF:   Page 259