Chapter 13: Neurologic and Sensory Disorders

Chapter 13: Neurologic and Sensory Disorders

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. The nurse is aware that during early childhood cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption:

a.	Are twice that of the adult
b.	Are scant due to rapid physical growth
c.	Fluctuate dependent on growth cycles
d.	Are impossible to measure

 

 

ANS:   A

In the first several years of the child’s life, cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption are almost twice that of the adult. Brain growth is measured by head circumference.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Comprehension      REF:    p. 243              OBJ:    2

TOP:    Brain Growth                                     KEY:   Nursing Process Step: Planning

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

2. The newborn nursery nurse takes special care in feeding a child with a possible intracranial hemorrhage because these children:

a.	Will be likely to engorge themselves
b.	Need more nutrients than other babies
c.	Have a poor sucking reflex
d.	Need cuddling and nurturing

 

 

ANS:   C

Babies with intracranial hemorrhage have a poor sucking reflex. They do not need any more nutrients or affection than any other child. They are not likely to eat too much because of their poor sucking reflex and the tendency to vomit.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 244              OBJ:    3

TOP:    Intracranial Hemorrhage                    KEY:   Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

 

The nurse recognizes this posture in a child with a head injury as being indicative of injury to the:

a.	Midbrain
b.	Cerebral cortex
c.	Brainstem
d.	Skull

 

 

ANS:   A

This is the decerebrate posture, which indicates injury to the midbrain.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 245              OBJ:    3

TOP:    Decerebrate Posturing                        KEY:   Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

4. A 12-year-old is admitted to the emergency department after a head injury. His admission vital signs are: T: 98.2°, P: 68, BP: 96/56, and R: 16. Select the set of vital signs that would indicate to the nurse that there is increasing intracranial pressure (ICP):

a.	T: 98.2°, P: 66, BP: 100/60, R: 18
b.	T: 98.4°, P: 68, BP: 112/72, R: 16
c.	T: 98.4°, P: 60, BP: 118/68, R: 14
d.	T: 99°, P: 66, BP: 98/54, R: 14

 

 

ANS:   C

The pulse and respirations are dropping, the systolic blood pressure is rising, and the pulse pressure is getting wider. These are all indicators of increasing ICP.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                  REF:    p. 246              OBJ:    3

TOP:    Increasing Intracranial Pressure         KEY:   Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

 

5. The mother of a 3-year-old who received a mild concussion during a fall from his tricycle the previous day tells the home health nurse that she is worried about his temperature elevation of 100°. The nurse’s best response will be based on the knowledge that the temperature elevation:

a.	Is an indication of an infection
b.	Suggests that there is increasing intracranial pressure
c.	Could be a sign that there is an intracranial bleed
d.	Is not uncommon during the first 2 days after trauma

 

 

ANS:   D

Mild temperature elevations in young children during the 2 days following a trauma are not uncommon.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application             REF:    p. 247              OBJ:    2

TOP:    Elevated Temperature                        KEY:   Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:   NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation