Chapter 13 Pearson Custom For Older Adult Nursing Care By Nancy J.Brown And Linda

Chapter 13 Pearson Custom For Older Adult Nursing Care By Nancy J.Brown And Linda

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Type: MCSA

An older adult client complains to the nurse practitioner, “I’ve started seeing what looks like little bugs in my line of vision. It’s annoying!” The nurse practitioner explains to the client that this is caused by which of the following visual changes associated with aging?

1. Vitreous detachment
2. Retinal detachment
3. Loss of elasticity in lens
4. Clouding of the crystalline lens

Correct Answer: 1

Rationale 1: Correct. During aging the vitreous becomes more liquid and begins to pull away from the back of the eye, resulting in “floaters,” which are often described as looking like “insects” in the visual field.

Rationale 2: Retinal detachment is not an expected change in vision associated with aging. It is a serious eye condition.

Rationale 3: Loss of elasticity in the lens is an expected change in vision associated with aging, but it results in less visual acuity, not in the client seeing “floaters.”

Rationale 4: Clouding of the lens does occur in the majority of older adults, but it results in cataracts which produce cloudy vision and does not create “floaters.”

Global Rationale:

 

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts:

Learning Outcome: Describe normal age-related changes in the sensory organs.

 

Question 2

Type: MCSA

A home health nurse visits an older adult client who lives alone at home. The nurse advises the client to have carbon monoxide and smoke detectors installed. This advice is based on which of the following?

1. Current fire safety codes mandate installation of carbon monoxide detectors and smoke detectors in the home.
2. Older adults experience an expected, progressive loss of the sense of smell which makes it difficult for them to detect smoke or gas leaks.
3. Older adults often experience olfactory hallucinations in which they imagine smelling smoke, etc. The detectors would verify/discredit these “smells.”
4. Older adults live in older homes with unsafe electrical wiring that may cause an unexpected house fire.

Correct Answer: 2

Rationale 1: There are actually no mandates for personal residential homes regarding carbon monoxide and smoke detectors.

Rationale 2: Correct. Older adults experience hyposmia or a progressive loss of the sense of smell, which could be a safety issue if a fire or gas leak started in their home.

Rationale 3: Olfactory hallucinations are rare and not an expected aspect of aging.

Rationale 4: Older adults live in a variety of homes that may or may not have unsafe electrical wiring.

Global Rationale:

 

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Safe Effective Care Environment

Client Need Sub: Safety and Infection Control

Nursing/Integrated Concepts:

Learning Outcome: Describe normal age-related changes in the sensory organs.

 

Question 3

Type: MCSA

A home health nurse informs the family of an older adult client that the client needs to stay in the air-conditioned house during the heat wave because the client has a greater chance of developing hyperthermia. The nurse bases this information on which of the following expected age-related change in the body?

1. Degenerative changes in the cochlea
2. Decrease in the size of the hypothalamus in the brain
3. Thickening of the tympanic membrane
4. Decrease in response to body temperature regulation

Correct Answer: 4

Rationale 1: Degenerative changes in the cochlea do occur but are related to hearing loss in the older adult, not temperature control.

Rationale 2: A decrease in the size of the hypothalamus would not be an expected age-related change.

Rationale 3: Thickening of the tympanic membrane does occur but results in hearing loss in the older adult, not changes in temperature control.

Rationale 4: Correct. Age-related changes occur in the autonomic nervous system, which cause older adult not to perspire like younger adults, putting them at risk for hyperthermia.

Global Rationale:

 

Cognitive Level: Remembering

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts:

Learning Outcome: Describe normal age-related changes in the sensory organs.

 

Question 4

Type: MCMA

A diet which the nurse could recommend to an older adult client wanting to keep his eyes healthy would include which of the following food types/supplements?

Standard Text: Select all that apply.

1. Leafy green vegetables
2. B vitamins and thiamin
3. Omega 3 fatty acids
4. A, C, and E vitamins
5. Red meat

Correct Answer: 1,3,4

Rationale 1: Correct. Leafy green vegetables, foods containing omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins A, C, and E, and lutein are all believed to be beneficial to eye health and to prevent cataract formation and macular degeneration.

Rationale 2: B vitamins and thiamin are actually more important to the nervous system than to the eyes.

Rationale 3: Correct. Leafy green vegetables, foods containing omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins A, C, and E, and lutein are all believed to be beneficial to eye health and to prevent cataract formation and macular degeneration.

Rationale 4: Correct Leafy green vegetables, foods containing omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins A, C, and E, and lutein are all believed to be beneficial to eye health and to prevent cataract formation and macular degeneration.

Rationale 5: Red meat is high in saturated fat, which actually increases the risk of eye disease.