Chapter 13: Practicing Evidence-Based Decision Making

Chapter 13: Practicing Evidence-Based Decision Making

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) developed the Magnet Recognition Program for hospitals to address quality patient care. What is the significance of achieving magnet status?

ANS:  A

Magnet recognition is one of the many responses to the call for quality of care of the ANCC’s Magnet Recognition Program. The significance of achieving Magnet status indicates a hospital that succeeded in creating an atmosphere that nurtures evidence-based practice in nursing practice. The nurses are free to exercise professional autonomy. The particular hospital becomes known for its excellence in quality effective and efficient nursing care. Physician retention, early patient discharge, effective billing, and ancillary caregivers are not criteria for Magnet status.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   Page 187

OBJ:   Identify criteria hospitals must meet to achieve Magnet Recognition.

TOP:   Magnet Recognition Program           MSC:  NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment

2. The chief purpose of evidence-based practice is to:

ANS:  A

Evidence-based practice (EBP) is the integration of the best available evidence, combined with clinical expertise, which enables health practitioners of all varieties to address health care questions with an evaluative and qualitative approach. EBP preparing the nurse to conduct specific research in patient care practices reflects too narrow a scope for research. EBP preparing the nurse for employment in an evidence-based research center has no basis for requiring evidence-based research. EBP to research clinical evidence that covers the entire aspect of a specific problem is incorrect.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   Page 188

OBJ:   Identify one of the definitions of evidence-based practice.

TOP:   Evidence-Based Practice

MSC:  NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

3. Which statement reflects an important principle to be applied by the nurse who is developing a relevant clinical question regarding a specific patient concern?

ANS:  A

The type of question helps determine the resources to access to answer the question. Developing the clinical question is the most important step in the evidence-based process. The RN must develop a clinical question that encompasses the key components to ensure that the question addresses an answerable concern that can be converted into relevant application. To find that research efficiently, the clinician must ask a well-designed clinical question with all the elements that will lead to finding relevant research literature. A systematic approach that determines which questions will be asked is incorrect. All evidence-based research is a systematic approach. Formulation of the he clinical question at the conclusion of the literature search and identification of the background questions at the conclusion of the literature search are stated in the wrong order of the research process.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Evaluation             REF:   Pages 190, 197

OBJ:   Recognize principles of developing the clinical question in evidence-based practice.

TOP:   Developing a Clinical Question

MSC:  NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of Care

4. The nurse is interested in whether antibiotic therapy or observation only is most effective in the treatment of sinusitis in young adults. Which of the following best describes the type of question being considered?

ANS:  B

Foreground questions have four key components: (1) patient- or problem-centered focus on knowledge about managing patients with a disease, (2) intervention, (3) comparative intervention (an optional step, used only if relevant), and (4) clinical outcome. Ask for specific information about managing patients with a disease. Background questions seek general knowledge about a disease or disease process.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   Page 190

OBJ:   Differentiate the type of clinical questions in evidence-based practice.

TOP:   Clinical Questions in Evidence-Based Practice

MSC:  NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment

5. Can you explain how the nurse’s use of PICO helps to formulate an effective clinical question?

ANS:  A

Using the PICO approach allows for a systematic method of identifying important concepts when formulating the clinical question. Although every component of the PICO model may not be used in every case, PICO is an acronym used to describe a format of the four elements required to formulate a good clinical question (P, patient or problem; I, intervention; C, comparison; O, outcomes). PICO questions do not formulate answers, nor do PICO questions have anything to do with evidence.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   Pages 190-191

OBJ:   Identify the purpose of PICO format.                                 TOP:   PICO Format

MSC:   NCLEX: Safe, Effective Care Environment