Chapter 14: Cancer in Children

Chapter 14: Cancer in Children

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. What congenital malformation is commonly linked to acute leukemia in children?

a.	Down syndrome	c.	Retinoblastoma
b.	Wilms tumor	d.	Neuroblastoma

 

 

ANS:  A

Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) is the most common genetic defect linked to the development of acute leukemia. Children with Down syndrome have a 10- to 20-fold increased risk of developing acute lymphoblastic and myelogenous leukemia and a higher risk for developing acute megakaryocytic leukemia. No current research supports a link between the other stated congenital malformations and acute leukemia.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 444

 

2. When are childhood cancers most often diagnosed?

a.	During infancy	c.	After diagnosis of a chronic illness
b.	At peak times of physical growth	d.	After an acute illness

 

 

ANS:  B

Childhood cancers are most often diagnosed during peak times of physical growth. No current research supports the other options.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 443

 

3. Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) can result in which type of cancer?

a.	Breast cancer	c.	Vaginal cancer
b.	Leukemia	d.	Lymphoma

 

 

ANS:  C

DES has been identified as a transplacental chemical carcinogen; a small percentage of the daughters of women who took DES during pregnancy developed adenocarcinomas of the vagina. No current research supports a link between the drug and other cancers.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 445

 

4. Currently, what percentage of children with cancer can be cured?

a.	40%	c.	60%
b.	50%	d.	80%

 

 

ANS:  D

Currently, more than 80% of children diagnosed with cancer are cured.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 445

 

5. Most childhood cancers arise from the:

a.	Epithelium	c.	Embryologic ectodermal layer
b.	Mesodermal germ layer	d.	Viscera

 

 

ANS:  B

Most childhood cancers originate from the mesodermal germ layer that gives rise to connective tissue, bone, cartilage, muscle, blood, blood vessels, gonads, kidney, and the lymphatic system. The other options are not common sites from which cancers originate.

 

PTS:   1                    REF:   Page 443