Chapter 14: Care of the Patient with a Neurologic Disorder

Chapter 14: Care of the Patient with a Neurologic Disorder

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. What are the two divisions of the nervous system?

a.	Somatic and the autonomic
b.	Cerebellum and the brainstem
c.	Medulla oblongata and the diencephalon
d.	Central and the peripheral

 

 

ANS:  D

The central and the peripheral are the two divisions of the nervous system. The autonomic and the somatic are the division of the peripheral nervous system.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   Page 671        OBJ:   1

TOP:   Anatomy and physiology                 KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

 

2. What is the cranial nerve that supplies most of the organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities and also carries motor fibers to glands that produce digestive juices and other secretions?

a.	Somatic motor nerve
b.	Visceral sensory nerve
c.	Abducens nerve
d.	Vagus nerve

 

 

ANS:  D

The vagus nerve extends from the throat, larynx, and organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. It is responsible for sensations and will accelerate peristalsis when stimulated.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   Page 676, Table 14-1

OBJ:   5                    TOP:   Anatomy and physiology

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment   MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

 

3. The newly admitted patient to the emergency room 30 minutes ago after a fall off a ladder has gradually decreased in consciousness and has slowly reacting pupils, a widening pulse pressure, and verbal responses that are slow and unintelligible. What is the most appropriate position for the patient?

a.	Neck placed in a neutral position
b.	Head raised slightly with hips flexed
c.	Supine in gravity neutral position
d.	Turn on right side with head elevated

 

 

ANS:  A

Place the neck in a neutral position (not flexed or extended) to promote venous drainage.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   Page 690        OBJ:   12

TOP:   Intracranial pressure (ICP)               KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

 

4. Which question is likely to elicit the most valid response from the patient who is being interviewed about a neurologic problem?

a.	“Do you have any sensations of pins and needles in your feet?”
b.	“Does the pain radiate from your back into your legs?”
c.	“Can you describe the sensations you are having?”
d.	“Do you ever have any nausea or dizziness?”

 

 

ANS:  C

For patients with suspected neurologic conditions, the presence of many symptoms or subjective data may be significant. Offering leading questions is not beneficial and may allow the patient to give misinformation. Questions should be specific about symptoms.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   Page 677        OBJ:   8

TOP:   Assessment    KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

 

5. What is the cardinal sign of increased intracranial pressure in a brain injured patient?

a.	Pupil changes
b.	Ipsilateral paralysis
c.	Vomiting
d.	Decrease in the level of consciousness

 

 

ANS:  D

Collection of objective data includes a change in level of consciousness. A change in the level of consciousness is the earliest sign of increased intracranial pressure.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   Page 688        OBJ:   12

TOP:   Intracranial pressure (ICP)               KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Assessment

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity