Chapter 14 Principles of Pediatric Nursing 6th Ed By Ball

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

Chapter 14

Question 1

Type: MCSA

A school-age client, recently diagnosed with asthma, also has a peanut allergy. The nurse instructs the family to not only avoid peanuts but also to carefully check food label ingredients for peanut products and to make sure dishes and utensils are adequately washed prior to food preparation. The mother asks why this is specific for her child. Based on the client’s history, the nurse knows that this client is at an increased risk for which complication?

1. Urticaria
2. Diarrhea
3. Anaphylaxis
4. Headache

Correct Answer: 3

Rationale 1: Children with food allergies may experience all of the above reactions to a particular food, but the child who also has asthma is most at risk for death secondary to anaphylaxis caused by a food allergy.

Rationale 2: Children with food allergies may experience all of the above reactions to a particular food, but the child who also has asthma is most at risk for death secondary to anaphylaxis caused by a food allergy.

Rationale 3: Children with food allergies may experience all of the above reactions to a particular food, but the child who also has asthma is most at risk for death secondary to anaphylaxis caused by a food allergy.

Rationale 4: Children with food allergies may experience all of the above reactions to a particular food, but the child who also has asthma is most at risk for death secondary to anaphylaxis caused by a food allergy.

Global Rationale: Children with food allergies may experience all of the above reactions to a particular food, but the child who also has asthma is most at risk for death secondary to anaphylaxis caused by a food allergy.

 

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Physiological Integrity

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: LO 14.5 Develop nursing interventions for children with nutritional disorders.

 

Question 2

Type: MCSA

While teaching the parents of a newborn about infant care and feeding, which instruction by the nurse is the most appropriate?

1. Delay supplemental foods until the infant is 4 to 6 months old.
2. Delay supplemental foods until the infant reaches 15 pounds or greater.
3. Begin diluted fruit juice at 2 months of age, but wait three to five days before trying a new food.
4. Add rice cereal to the nighttime feeding if the infant is having difficulty sleeping after 2 months of age.

Correct Answer: 1

Rationale 1: Four to six months is the optimal age to begin supplemental feedings because earlier feeding of nonformula foods is not needed by the infant and does not promote sleep. Earlier feeding of nonformula foods, regardless of the infant’s weight, is more likely to cause the development of food allergies. Also, early feeding is not well tolerated by infants because the necessary tongue control is not well developed and they lack the digestive enzymes to take in and metabolize many food products.

Rationale 2: Four to six months is the optimal age to begin supplemental feedings because earlier feeding of nonformula foods is not needed by the infant and does not promote sleep. Earlier feeding of nonformula foods, regardless of the infant’s weight, is more likely to cause the development of food allergies. Also, early feeding is not well tolerated by infants because the necessary tongue control is not well developed and they lack the digestive enzymes to take in and metabolize many food products.

Rationale 3: Four to six months is the optimal age to begin supplemental feedings because earlier feeding of nonformula foods is not needed by the infant and does not promote sleep. Earlier feeding of nonformula foods, regardless of the infant’s weight, is more likely to cause the development of food allergies. Also, early feeding is not well tolerated by infants because the necessary tongue control is not well developed and they lack the digestive enzymes to take in and metabolize many food products.

Rationale 4: Four to six months is the optimal age to begin supplemental feedings because earlier feeding of nonformula foods is not needed by the infant and does not promote sleep. Earlier feeding of nonformula foods, regardless of the infant’s weight, is more likely to cause the development of food allergies. Also, early feeding is not well tolerated by infants because the necessary tongue control is not well developed and they lack the digestive enzymes to take in and metabolize many food products.

Global Rationale: Four to six months is the optimal age to begin supplemental feedings because earlier feeding of nonformula foods is not needed by the infant and does not promote sleep. Earlier feeding of nonformula foods, regardless of the infant’s weight, is more likely to cause the development of food allergies. Also, early feeding is not well tolerated by infants because the necessary tongue control is not well developed and they lack the digestive enzymes to take in and metabolize many food products.

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: 14.1 Discuss major nutritional concepts pertaining to the growth and development of children.

 

Question 3

Type: MCSA

During a 4-month-old’s well-child check, the nurse discusses introduction of solid foods into the infant’s diet and concerns for foods commonly associated with food allergies. Due to allergies, which foods will the nurse instruction the parents to avoid until after 1 year of age?

1. Strawberries, eggs, and wheat
2. Peas, tomatoes, and spinach
3. Carrots, beets, and spinach
4. Squash, pork, and tomatoes

Correct Answer: 1

Rationale 1: Strawberries, eggs, and wheat, along with corn, fish, and nut products, are all foods that have commonly been associated with food allergies. Carrots, beets, and spinach contain nitrates and should not be given before the age of 4 months. Squash, peas, and tomatoes are acceptable to try after an infant is 4 to 6 months old but should be given one at a time and three to five days after starting a new food. Pork can be tried after the infant is 8 to 10 months old, as meats are harder to digest and have a high protein load.

Rationale 2: Strawberries, eggs, and wheat, along with corn, fish, and nut products, are all foods that have commonly been associated with food allergies. Carrots, beets, and spinach contain nitrates and should not be given before the age of 4 months. Squash, peas, and tomatoes are acceptable to try after an infant is 4 to 6 months old but should be given one at a time and three to five days after starting a new food. Pork can be tried after the infant is 8 to 10 months old, as meats are harder to digest and have a high protein load.

Rationale 3: Strawberries, eggs, and wheat, along with corn, fish, and nut products, are all foods that have commonly been associated with food allergies. Carrots, beets, and spinach contain nitrates and should not be given before the age of 4 months. Squash, peas, and tomatoes are acceptable to try after an infant is 4 to 6 months old but should be given one at a time and three to five days after starting a new food. Pork can be tried after the infant is 8 to 10 months old, as meats are harder to digest and have a high protein load.

Rationale 4: Strawberries, eggs, and wheat, along with corn, fish, and nut products, are all foods that have commonly been associated with food allergies. Carrots, beets, and spinach contain nitrates and should not be given before the age of 4 months. Squash, peas, and tomatoes are acceptable to try after an infant is 4 to 6 months old but should be given one at a time and three to five days after starting a new food. Pork can be tried after the infant is 8 to 10 months old, as meats are harder to digest and have a high protein load.

Global Rationale: Strawberries, eggs, and wheat, along with corn, fish, and nut products, are all foods that have commonly been associated with food allergies. Carrots, beets, and spinach contain nitrates and should not be given before the age of 4 months. Squash, peas, and tomatoes are acceptable to try after an infant is 4 to 6 months old but should be given one at a time and three to five days after starting a new food. Pork can be tried after the infant is 8 to 10 months old, as meats are harder to digest and have a high protein load.

 

Cognitive Level: Applying

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: LO 14.1 Discuss major nutritional concepts pertaining to the growth and development of children.

 

Question 4

Type: MCSA

The mother of a toddler is concerned because her child does not seem interested in eating. The child is drinking five to six cups of whole milk per day and one cup of fruit juice. When the weight-to-height percentile is calculated, the child is in the 90th to 95th percentile. What is the best advice the nurse can provide to the mother?

1. Eliminate the fruit juice from the child’s diet.
2. Offer healthy snacks, presented in a creative manner, and let the child choose what he wants to eat without pressure from the parents.
3. Change from whole milk to 2 percent milk and decrease milk consumption to three to four cups per day and the fruit juice to a half cup per day, offering water if the child is still thirsty in between.
4. Make sure that the child is getting adequate opportunities for exercise, as this will increase his appetite and help lower the child’s weight-to-height percentile.

Correct Answer: 3

Rationale 1: Toddlers require a maximum of about one liter of milk per day. This toddler is consuming most of his or her calories from the milk and thus is not hungry. The high fat content of the milk and the high sugar content of the fruit juice are also contributing to the child’s higher weight-to-height percentile. Decreasing the amount and fat content of the milk and decreasing the intake of fruit juice will decrease calories and thus make the child hungry for other foods. The other advice is also appropriate but did not address the problem of excessive milk consumption.

Rationale 2: Toddlers require a maximum of about one liter of milk per day. This toddler is consuming most of his or her calories from the milk and thus is not hungry. The high fat content of the milk and the high sugar content of the fruit juice are also contributing to the child’s higher weight-to-height percentile. Decreasing the amount and fat content of the milk and decreasing the intake of fruit juice will decrease calories and thus make the child hungry for other foods. The other advice is also appropriate but did not address the problem of excessive milk consumption.

Rationale 3: Toddlers require a maximum of about one liter of milk per day. This toddler is consuming most of his or her calories from the milk and thus is not hungry. The high fat content of the milk and the high sugar content of the fruit juice are also contributing to the child’s higher weight-to-height percentile. Decreasing the amount and fat content of the milk and decreasing the intake of fruit juice will decrease calories and thus make the child hungry for other foods. The other advice is also appropriate but did not address the problem of excessive milk consumption.

Rationale 4: Toddlers require a maximum of about one liter of milk per day. This toddler is consuming most of his calories from the milk and thus is not hungry. The high fat content of the milk and the high sugar content of the fruit juice are also contributing to the child’s higher weight-to-height percentile. Decreasing the amount and fat content of the milk and decreasing the intake of fruit juice will decrease calories and thus make the child hungry for other foods. The other advice is also appropriate but did not address the problem of excessive milk consumption.

Global Rationale: Toddlers require a maximum of about one liter of milk per day. This toddler is consuming most of his or her calories from the milk and thus is not hungry. The high fat content of the milk and the high sugar content of the fruit juice are also contributing to the child’s higher weight-to-height percentile. Decreasing the amount and fat content of the milk and decreasing the intake of fruit juice will decrease calories and thus make the child hungry for other foods. The other advice is also appropriate but did not address the problem of excessive milk consumption.

 

Cognitive Level: Analyzing

Client Need: Health Promotion and Maintenance

Client Need Sub:

Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation

Learning Outcome: LO 14.2 Describe and plan nursing interventions to meet nutritional needs for all age groups from infancy through adolescence.