CHAPTER 14 Sensation:Hearing,Vision,Taste,Touch,and Smell

Chapter 14 Sensation:Hearing,Vision,Taste,Touch,and Smell

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

14.1•While testing the vision of an elderly client, the nurse finds that the client has decreased ability to accommodate. Which clinical implication would the nurse recognize?

1. blurring of vision
2. difficulty reading small print
3. narrowing of field of vision
4. sensitivity to light

Answer: 2

Rationale: Difficulty reading small print is correct because the ciliary muscles become weaker and more relaxed, and the crystalline lens become sclerotic with the loss of elasticity and ability to focus up close. Blurring of vision is incorrect because it occurs with the formation of a cataract or film over the lens. Narrowing of field of vision is incorrect because it affects peripheral vision but does not interfere with everyday life. Sensitivity to light is incorrect because it is caused by an inability of the pupil to adapt to varying degrees of light.

Diagnosis

Safe, Effective Care Environment

Application

14.2•A client is sensitive to light. Which intervention would the nurse teach the client as appropriate for this problem?

1. dim the lights on sunny days
2. remove lampshades to provide more light
3. place dark patterned rugs on stairs
4. use supplementary lamps near work

Answer: 4

Rationale: Use supplementary lamps near work is correct because the ability to adapt to varying degrees of light declines with age and there is a need for increased light. Dimming the lights on sunny days is incorrect because more light is needed to eliminate dark and shadowy areas. Removing lampshades to provide more light is incorrect because this may cause glare and obliterate normal vision for a period of time. Placing dark patterned rugs on stairs is incorrect because the patterns may overwhelm the eyes and obscure steps and ledges.

Intervention, Physiological Integrity, Application

14.3•The nurse has selected the nursing diagnosis sensory/perceptual alterations: visual. Which medications would the nurse recognize as having side effects potential for increased visual disturbance? (Select all that apply.)

1. calcium carbonate (Tums)
2. corticosteroids (Prednisolone)
3. tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
4. warfarin (Coumadin)
5. propranolol (Inderal)

Answer: 2, 3, 5

Rationale: Corticosteroids, tamoxifen, and propranolol are all correct. Corticosteroids can cause cataracts and increased intraocular pressure. Tamoxifen’s side effects include blurred vision and decreased visual acuity. Propranolol’s side effects include blurred vision and dry eyes. All side effects increase visual disturbances. Calcium carbonate is incorrect because it causes side effects that will affect the CNS, CV, GI, GU organs and veins when given IV. Warfarin is also incorrect because its side effects affect the GI, dermatology, and hematology systems and may cause fever.

Assessment, Physiological Integrity, Application

14.4•A client has sensorineural hearing loss. Which problem would the nurse recognize as the cause of the hearing loss?

1. tympanic membrane perforation
2. impacted cerumen
3. otitis media infection
4. Meniere’s disease

Answer: 4

Rationale: Meniere’s disease is correct because the edema is in the inner ear and causes damage to the nerve. Tympanic membrane perforation is between the external and middle ear and causes conductive hearing loss. Impacted cerumen is in the external ear and causes conductive hearing loss. Otitis media infection is in the middle ear and causes conductive hearing loss.

Diagnostic

Physiological Adaptation

Application