Chapter 14: The Newborn with a Perinatal Injury or Congenital Malformation

Chapter 14: The Newborn with a Perinatal Injury or Congenital Malformation

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. What occurrence results from obstruction within the ventricles of the brain or inadequate reabsorption of cerebrospinal fluid?

a.	Meningitis
b.	Meningocele
c.	Spina bifida occulta
d.	Hydrocephalus

 

 

ANS:  D

Hydrocephalus is characterized by an increase in cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Knowledge            REF:   Page 325        OBJ:   4

TOP:   Hydrocephalus                                KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Data Collection

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation

 

2. The nurse is caring for an infant with hydrocephalus. What nursing action is most important for this nurse to implement?

a.	Align the limbs.
b.	Support the head.
c.	Keep the head lower than the hip.
d.	Check intake and output.

 

 

ANS:  B

The child with hydrocephalus has a heavy head on a small body with poor muscle tone; the head must be supported when feeding and moving the child to prevent injury to the neck.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   Page 327        OBJ:   4

TOP:   Hydrocephalus                                KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Data Collection

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk

 

3. The nurse observes that the infant’s anterior fontanelle is bulging after placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. How should the nurse position this infant?

a.	Prone, with the head of the bed elevated
b.	Supine, with the head flat
c.	Side-lying on the operative side
d.	In a semi-Fowler’s position

 

 

ANS:  D

If the fontanelles are bulging, the child will be positioned in a semi-Fowler’s position to promote drainage from the ventricles through the shunt.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   Page 327-328

OBJ:   4                    TOP:   Hydrocephalus

KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease

 

4. What nursing action will the nurse implement after feeding an infant with hydrocephalus?

a.	Position the infant sitting upright in an infant seat.
b.	Place the infant over the shoulder to burp.
c.	Leave the infant in a side-lying position.
d.	Stimulate the infant by rubbing its feet.

 

 

ANS:  C

Because children with hydrocephalus are prone to vomiting, the child is fed and then positioned in the side-lying position in a quiet atmosphere to reduce the incidence of vomiting.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Application           REF:   Page 327        OBJ:   4

TOP:   Feeding a Hydrocephalic Child        KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Implementation

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort

 

5. A newborn was just admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with a meningomyelocele. What is the priority preoperative nursing care of this newborn?

a.	Keep the sac dry.
b.	Diaper snugly.
c.	Position prone in an incubator.
d.	Move from side to side every hour.

 

 

ANS:  C

The infant is placed prone in a humidified incubator, and the sac is covered with dressings of sterile saline. The infant’s hips are kept lower than the lesion, and the infant is usually not in diapers.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analysis                REF:   Page 329        OBJ:   6

TOP:   Myelodysplasia and Spina Bifida     KEY:  Nursing Process Step: Planning

MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk