Chapter 14; Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

Chapter 14; Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. A pneumonia that was not incubating at the time of admission is one that develops a minimum of how many hours after admission?

a.	12 hours
b.	24 hours
c.	48 hours
d.	72 hours

 

 

ANS:   C

Pneumonias that develop 48 hours after a patient is admitted or placed on a mechanical ventilator are hospital-acquired pneumonias.

 

DIF:    1                      REF:    pg. 294

 

2. The type of organism that most often causes ventilator-acquired pneumonia is which of the following?

a.	Fungi
b.	Bacteria
c.	Viruses
d.	Protozoa

 

 

ANS:   B

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is most often caused by bacterial infections, but it can be caused by fungal infections or associated with viral epidemics.

 

DIF:    1                      REF:    pg. 294

 

3. A patient was intubated in the emergency department just after arrival at the hospital from home. This patient develops VAP 36 hours after intubation. What type of pneumonia is this considered?

a.	Early-onset VAP
b.	Late-onset VAP
c.	Health care–associated pneumonia
d.	Non–hospital-acquired pneumonia

 

 

ANS:   D

The development of pneumonia within 48 hours of admission and intubation is a result of an infection that was incubating at the time of admission.

 

DIF:    2                      REF:    pg. 294

 

4. The mortality rate for VAP associated with prolonged hospital stays is which of the following?

a.	5% to 25%
b.	15% to 40%
c.	25% to 50%
d.	45% to 75%

 

 

ANS:   C

The mortality rate for ventilator-associated pneumonia is 25% to 50%.

 

DIF:    1                      REF:    pg. 295

 

5. Sixty percent of all VAP infections are caused by which of the following?

a.	Aerobic gram-negative bacilli
b.	Anaerobic gram-negative bacilli
c.	Aerobic gram-negative rods
d.	Anaerobic gram-positive cocci

 

 

ANS:   A

Aerobic gram-negative bacilli have accounted for nearly 60% of all VAP infections. The most common of these are Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter sp.

 

DIF:    1                      REF:    pg. 295