Chapter 15: Cancer

Chapter 15: Cancer

 

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

 

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

 

MULTIPLE CHOICE

 

1. A patient who is scheduled for a breast biopsy asks the nurse the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor. Which answer by the nurse is correct?

a.	“Benign tumors do not cause damage to other tissues.”
b.	“Benign tumors are likely to recur in the same location.”
c.	“Malignant tumors may spread to other tissues or organs.”
d.	“Malignant cells reproduce more rapidly than normal cells.”

 

 

ANS:  C

The major difference between benign and malignant tumors is that malignant tumors invade adjacent tissues and spread to distant tissues and benign tumors do not metastasize. The other statements are inaccurate. Both types of tumors may cause damage to adjacent tissues. Malignant cells do not reproduce more rapidly than normal cells. Benign tumors do not usually recur.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Understand (comprehension)                   REF:   240

TOP:   Nursing Process: Implementation     MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

 

2. The nurse is caring for a patient receiving intravesical bladder chemotherapy. The nurse should monitor for which adverse effect?

a.	Nausea	c.	Hematuria
b.	Alopecia	d.	Xerostomia

 

 

ANS:  C

The adverse effects of intravesical chemotherapy are confined to the bladder. The other adverse effects are associated with systemic chemotherapy.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (application)           REF:               252

TOP:   Nursing Process: Evaluation            MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

 

3. The nurse is caring for a patient who smokes two packs/day. Which action by the nurse could help reduce the patient’s risk of lung cancer?

a.	Teach the patient about the seven warning signs of cancer.
b.	Plan to monitor the patient’s carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level.
c.	Teach the patient about annual chest x-rays for lung cancer screening.
d.	Discuss risks associated with cigarette smoking during each patient encounter.

 

 

ANS:  D

Teaching about the risks associated with cigarette smoking is recommended at every patient encounter because cigarette smoking is associated with multiple health problems. The other options may detect lung cancer that is already present but do not reduce the risk.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (application)           REF:               237

TOP:   Nursing Process: Implementation     MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance

 

4. The nurse should suggest which food choice when providing dietary teaching for a patient scheduled to receive external-beam radiation for abdominal cancer?

a.	Fruit salad	c.	Creamed broccoli
b.	Baked chicken	d.	Toasted wheat bread

 

 

ANS:  B

Protein is needed for wound healing. To minimize the diarrhea that is commonly associated with bowel radiation, the patient should avoid foods high in roughage, such as fruits and whole grains. Lactose intolerance may develop secondary to radiation, so dairy products should also be avoided.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Apply (application)           REF:               254

TOP:   Nursing Process: Implementation     MSC:  NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

 

5. During a routine health examination, a 40-yr-old patient tells the nurse about a family history of colon cancer. Which action should the nurse take next?

a.	Obtain more information about the family history.
b.	Schedule a sigmoidoscopy to provide baseline data.
c.	Teach the patient about the need for a colonoscopy at age 50.
d.	Teach the patient how to do home testing for fecal occult blood.

 

 

ANS:  A

The patient may be at increased risk for colon cancer, but the nurse’s first action should be further assessment. The other actions may be appropriate, depending on the information that is obtained from the patient with further questioning.

 

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Analyze (analysis)                                  REF:   241

TOP:   Nursing Process: Implementation     MSC:  NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance