Chapter 15: Drugs That Affect Urine Output

Chapter 15: Drugs That Affect Urine Output

Complete Chapter Questions With Answers

Sample Questions Are Posted Below

MULTIPLE CHOICE

BASIC CONCEPTS

1. What is the main intended action of any type of diuretic drug?

ANS:  C

Diuretics are drugs that help rid the body of excess water and sodium by increasing a person’s urine output. They may work on the kidneys directly or may increase blood flow to the kidney. Either way, these drugs cause a person to urinate more and lose water from the body. Although potassium is often lost with a diuretic that is not a diuretic’s main intended action.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   p. 239

2. For which complication should you remain alert when a patient is taking any type of diuretic?

ANS:  D

Any type of diuretic increases water loss through urination. This water loss can cause dehydration if a patient’s fluid intake does not keep pace with his or her urine output.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   pp. 240-241

3. What is the most common health problem treated by diuretic drugs?

ANS:  A

Diuretics are used most often to treat problems when the body is retaining too much water, too much sodium, or too much potassium. They are often prescribed for people who have the following health problems: high blood pressure (hypertension), heart failure, kidney disease, and liver disease (cirrhosis).

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   p. 241

4. Which type of diuretic can cause higher than normal blood calcium levels?

ANS:  C

Potential side effects of thiazide diuretics include fluid and electrolyte imbalances such as decreased blood volume, decreased potassium (hypokalemia), decreased sodium (hyponatremia), decreased chloride (hypochloremia), and decreased magnesium (hypomagnesemia), along with increased calcium (hypercalcemia) and increased urea (hyperuremia).

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   p. 243

5. Which class of diuretics is the most powerful?

ANS:  A

Loop diuretics (also called “high-ceiling” diuretics) slow down or turn off the sodium pumps in the nephron tubes in a place different from thiazide diuretic action. They cause more sodium, potassium, and water to stay in the urine and leave the body through urination. Loop diuretics are the most powerful diuretics.

DIF:    Cognitive Level: Remembering        REF:   p. 244