Basic Pharmacology For Nurses,15th Edition by Bruce D. Clayton
Basic Pharmacology For Nurses,15th Edition by Bruce D. Clayton
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Chapter 15: Drugs Used for Parkinson’s Disease
Complete Chapter Questions With Answers
Sample Questions Are Posted Below
MULTIPLE CHOICE
| A. | Idiosyncratic |
| B. | Additive |
| C. | Hypersensitivity |
| D. | Tolerance |
ANS: B
| Feedback | |
| A | An idiosyncratic reaction produces unintended outcomes that are usually the opposite of the intended reaction. |
| B | An additive reaction occurs when two medications are prescribed together with the knowledge that combining these medications will produce a therapeutic benefit unavailable if each were prescribed alone. |
| C | A hypersensitive reaction is an unintended outcome and is usually characterized by dermatologic and respiratory symptoms. |
| D | Developing tolerance to a drug means that over time, a greater amount is required to achieve the desired effect. |
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 232
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
| A. | Nausea and vomiting |
| B. | Orthostatic hypotension |
| C. | Anorexia and depression |
| D. | Tachycardia and palpitations |
ANS: B
| Feedback | |
| A | Although nausea and vomiting are adverse effects of levodopa, they do not contribute to a risk for falling. |
| B | When initiating levodopa therapy, orthostatic hypotension may occur. Although generally mild, patients may experience dizziness and weakness. Symptoms usually resolve within 1 or 2 weeks once tolerance is developed to the levodopa therapy. Orthostatic hypotension increases the risk for injury in Parkinson’s patients because they are also experiencing alterations in gait patterns. |
| C | Although anorexia and depression are common adverse effects of levodopa, they do not contribute to a risk for falling. |
| D | Tachycardia and palpitations are not common adverse effects of levodopa. |
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 233
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Diagnosis
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe, Effective Care Environment
| A. | A |
| B. | B6 |
| C. | C |
| D. | D |
ANS: B
| Feedback | |
| A | Vitamin A does not affect therapy with levodopa. |
| B | Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) will reduce the therapeutic effects of levodopa in oral doses of 5 to 10 mg or more. Generally, diets typically have less than 1 mg of vitamin B6 and therefore are not restricted. The ingredients in multivitamins, however, must be assessed. |
| C | Vitamin C does not affect therapy with levodopa. |
| D | Vitamin D does not affect therapy with levodopa. |
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 233
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
| A. | Cognitive impairments |
| B. | Rigidity |
| C. | Tremors and drooling |
| D. | Postural abnormalities |
ANS: C
| Feedback | |
| A | Anticholinergic drugs do not affect cognitive impairments. |
| B | Anticholinergics have little effect on rigidity. |
| C | Anticholinergic drugs will reduce the severity of tremors and drooling in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Anticholinergics are most useful when used in combination with levodopa. |
| D | Anticholinergics have little effect on postural abnormalities. |
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 237
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
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